{"id":"an4.85","title":"From Darkness to Darkness","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"an4.85","title":"From Darkness to Darkness","units":[{"id":"an4.85:0","sourceIds":["an4.85:0.1","an4.85:0.2","an4.85:0.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Aṅguttara Nikāya 4.85\n9. Macalavagga\nTamotamasutta","en":"Numbered Discourses 4.85\n9. Confirmed\nFrom Darkness to Darkness"}},{"id":"an4.85:1","sourceIds":["an4.85:1.1","an4.85:1.2","an4.85:1.3","an4.85:1.4","an4.85:1.5","an4.85:1.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmiṁ.\nKatame cattāro?\nTamo tamaparāyaṇo,\ntamo jotiparāyaṇo,\njoti tamaparāyaṇo,\njoti jotiparāyaṇo.","en":"“Mendicants, these four individuals are found in the world.\nWhat four?\nThe dark bound for darkness,\nthe dark bound for light,\nthe light bound for darkness, and\nthe light bound for light."}},{"id":"an4.85:2","sourceIds":["an4.85:2.1","an4.85:2.2","an4.85:2.3","an4.85:2.4","an4.85:2.5","an4.85:2.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti tamaparāyaṇo?\nIdha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo nīce kule paccājāto hoti—caṇḍālakule vā venakule vā nesādakule vā rathakārakule vā pukkusakule vā dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati.\nSo ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khañjo vā pakkhahato vā, na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa.\nSo kāyena duccaritaṁ carati, vācāya duccaritaṁ carati, manasā duccaritaṁ carati.\nSo kāyena duccaritaṁ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṁ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṁ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti tamaparāyaṇo.","en":"And how is an individual dark and bound for darkness?\nIt’s when an individual is reborn in a low family—a family of corpse-workers, bamboo-workers, hunters, chariot-makers, or scavengers—poor, with little to eat or drink, where life is tough, and food and shelter are hard to find.\nAnd they’re ugly, unsightly, deformed, sickly—one-eyed, crippled, lame, or half-paralyzed. They don’t get to have food, drink, clothes, and vehicles; garlands, fragrance, and makeup; or bed, house, and lighting.\nAnd they do bad things by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWhen their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.\nThat’s how an individual is dark and bound for darkness."}},{"id":"an4.85:3","sourceIds":["an4.85:3.1","an4.85:3.2","an4.85:3.3","an4.85:3.4","an4.85:3.5","an4.85:3.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti jotiparāyaṇo?\nIdha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo nīce kule paccājāto hoti—caṇḍālakule vā venakule vā nesādakule vā rathakārakule vā pukkusakule vā dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati;\nso ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khañjo vā pakkhahato vā na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa.\nSo kāyena sucaritaṁ carati, vācāya sucaritaṁ carati, manasā sucaritaṁ carati.\nSo kāyena sucaritaṁ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṁ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṁ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjati.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo tamo hoti jotiparāyaṇo.","en":"And how is an individual dark and bound for light?\nIt’s when an individual is reborn in a low family …\nBut they do good things by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWhen their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.\nThat’s how an individual is dark and bound for light."}},{"id":"an4.85:4","sourceIds":["an4.85:4.1","an4.85:4.2","an4.85:4.3","an4.85:4.4","an4.85:4.5","an4.85:4.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti tamaparāyaṇo?\nIdha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti—khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe;\nso ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa.\nSo kāyena duccaritaṁ carati, vācāya duccaritaṁ carati, manasā duccaritaṁ carati.\nSo kāyena duccaritaṁ caritvā, vācāya duccaritaṁ caritvā, manasā duccaritaṁ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapajjati.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti tamaparāyaṇo.","en":"And how is an individual light and bound for darkness?\nIt’s when an individual is reborn in an eminent family—a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain.\nAnd they’re attractive, good-looking, lovely, of surpassing beauty. They get to have food, drink, clothes, and vehicles; garlands, fragrance, and makeup; and bed, house, and lighting.\nBut they do bad things by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWhen their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.\nThat’s how an individual is light and bound for darkness."}},{"id":"an4.85:5","sourceIds":["an4.85:5.1","an4.85:5.2","an4.85:5.3","an4.85:5.4","an4.85:5.5","an4.85:5.6","an4.85:5.7","an4.85:5.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti jotiparāyaṇo?\nIdha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ucce kule paccājāto hoti—khattiyamahāsālakule vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakule vā gahapatimahāsālakule vā aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe;\nso ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa.\nSo kāyena sucaritaṁ carati, vācāya sucaritaṁ carati, manasā sucaritaṁ carati.\nSo kāyena sucaritaṁ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṁ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṁ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapajjati.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, puggalo joti hoti jotiparāyaṇo.\nIme kho, bhikkhave, cattāro puggalā santo saṁvijjamānā lokasmin”ti.\nPañcamaṁ.","en":"And how is an individual light and bound for light?\nIt’s when an individual is reborn in an eminent family …\nAnd they do good things by way of body, speech, and mind.\nWhen their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.\nThat’s how an individual is light and bound for light.\nThese are the four individuals found in the world.”"}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/an4.85/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}