{"id":"dn18","title":"With Janavasabha","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"dn18","title":"With Janavasabha","units":[{"id":"dn18:0","sourceIds":["dn18:0.1","dn18:0.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Dīgha Nikāya 18\nJanavasabhasutta","en":"Long Discourses 18\nWith Janavasabha"}},{"id":"dn18:1","sourceIds":["dn18:1.0","dn18:1.1","dn18:1.2","dn18:1.3","dn18:1.4","dn18:1.5","dn18:1.6","dn18:1.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"1. Nātikiyādibyākaraṇa\nEvaṁ me sutaṁ—\nekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā nātike viharati giñjakāvasathe.\nTena kho pana samayena bhagavā parito parito janapadesu paricārake abbhatīte kālaṅkate upapattīsu byākaroti kāsikosalesu vajjimallesu cetivaṁsesu kurupañcālesu majjhasūrasenesu:\n“asu amutra upapanno, asu amutra upapanno.\nParopaññāsa nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyino anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā.\nSādhikā navuti nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṁ tanuttā sakadāgāmino, sakideva imaṁ lokaṁ āgantvā dukkhassantaṁ karissanti.\nSātirekāni pañcasatāni nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā”ti.","en":"1. Declaring the Rebirths of People From Ñātika and Elsewhere\nSo I have heard.\nAt one time the Buddha was staying at Ñātika in the brick house.\nNow at that time the Buddha was explaining the rebirths of devotees all over the nations; the Kāsis and Kosalans, Vajjis and Mallas, Cetīs and Vacchas, Kurus and Pañcālas, Macchas and Sūrasenas:\n“This one was reborn here, while that one was reborn there.\nOver fifty devotees in Ñātika have passed away having ended the five lower fetters. They’ve been reborn spontaneously, and will be extinguished there, not liable to return from that world.\nMore than ninety devotees in Ñātika have passed away having ended three fetters, and weakened greed, hate, and delusion. They’re once-returners, who will come back to this world once only, then make an end of suffering.\nMore than five hundred devotees in Ñātika have passed away having ended three fetters. They’re stream-enterers, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, assured, destined for awakening.”"}},{"id":"dn18:2","sourceIds":["dn18:2.1","dn18:2.2","dn18:2.3","dn18:2.4","dn18:2.5","dn18:2.6","dn18:2.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Assosuṁ kho nātikiyā paricārakā:\n“bhagavā kira parito parito janapadesu paricārake abbhatīte kālaṅkate upapattīsu byākaroti kāsikosalesu vajjimallesu cetivaṁsesu kurupañcālesu majjhasūrasenesu:\n‘asu amutra upapanno, asu amutra upapanno.\nParopaññāsa nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyino anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā.\nSādhikā navuti nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṁ tanuttā sakadāgāmino sakideva imaṁ lokaṁ āgantvā dukkhassantaṁ karissanti.\nSātirekāni pañcasatāni nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’”ti.\nTena ca nātikiyā paricārakā attamanā ahesuṁ pamuditā pītisomanassajātā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṁ sutvā.","en":"When the devotees of Ñātika heard about the Buddha’s\nanswers to those questions, they became uplifted and overjoyed, full of rapture and happiness."}},{"id":"dn18:3","sourceIds":["dn18:3.1","dn18:3.2","dn18:3.3","dn18:3.4","dn18:3.5","dn18:3.6","dn18:3.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Assosi kho āyasmā ānando:\n“bhagavā kira parito parito janapadesu paricārake abbhatīte kālaṅkate upapattīsu byākaroti kāsikosalesu vajjimallesu cetivaṁsesu kurupañcālesu majjhasūrasenesu:\n‘asu amutra upapanno, asu amutra upapanno.\nParopaññāsa nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyino anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā.\nSādhikā navuti nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṁ tanuttā sakadāgāmino sakideva imaṁ lokaṁ āgantvā dukkhassantaṁ karissanti.\nSātirekāni pañcasatāni nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā’ti.\nTena ca nātikiyā paricārakā attamanā ahesuṁ pamuditā pītisomanassajātā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṁ sutvā”ti.","en":"Venerable Ānanda heard of the Buddha’s statements and the Ñātikans’ happiness."}},{"id":"dn18:4","sourceIds":["dn18:4.0","dn18:4.1","dn18:4.2","dn18:4.3","dn18:4.4","dn18:4.5","dn18:4.6","dn18:4.7","dn18:4.8","dn18:4.9","dn18:4.10","dn18:4.11","dn18:4.12","dn18:4.13","dn18:4.14","dn18:4.15","dn18:4.16","dn18:4.17","dn18:4.18"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"2. Ānandaparikathā\nAtha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi:\n“ime kho panāpi ahesuṁ māgadhakā paricārakā bahū ceva rattaññū ca abbhatītā kālaṅkatā.\nSuññā maññe aṅgamagadhā aṅgamāgadhakehi paricārakehi abbhatītehi kālaṅkatehi.\nTe kho panāpi ahesuṁ buddhe pasannā dhamme pasannā saṅghe pasannā sīlesu paripūrakārino.\nTe abbhatītā kālaṅkatā bhagavatā abyākatā;\ntesampissa sādhu veyyākaraṇaṁ, bahujano pasīdeyya, tato gaccheyya sugatiṁ.\nAyaṁ kho panāpi ahosi rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro dhammiko dhammarājā hito brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṁ negamānañceva jānapadānañca.\nApissudaṁ manussā kittayamānarūpā viharanti:\n‘evaṁ no so dhammiko dhammarājā sukhāpetvā kālaṅkato, evaṁ mayaṁ tassa dhammikassa dhammarañño vijite phāsu viharimhā’ti.\nSo kho panāpi ahosi buddhe pasanno dhamme pasanno saṅghe pasanno sīlesu paripūrakārī.\nApissudaṁ manussā evamāhaṁsu:\n‘yāva maraṇakālāpi rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro bhagavantaṁ kittayamānarūpo kālaṅkato’ti.\nSo abbhatīto kālaṅkato bhagavatā abyākato.\nTassapissa sādhu veyyākaraṇaṁ bahujano pasīdeyya, tato gaccheyya sugatiṁ.\nBhagavato kho pana sambodhi magadhesu.\nYattha kho pana bhagavato sambodhi magadhesu, kathaṁ tatra bhagavā māgadhake paricārake abbhatīte kālaṅkate upapattīsu na byākareyya.\nBhagavā ce kho pana māgadhake paricārake abbhatīte kālaṅkate upapattīsu na byākareyya, dīnamanā tenassu māgadhakā paricārakā;\nyena kho panassu dīnamanā māgadhakā paricārakā kathaṁ te bhagavā na byākareyyā”ti?","en":"2. Ānanda’s Suggestion\nThen Venerable Ānanda thought,\n“But there were also Magadhan devotees—many, and of long standing too—who have passed away.\nYou’d think that Aṅga and Magadha were empty of devotees who have passed away!\nBut they too had confidence in the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and had fulfilled their ethics.\nThe Buddha hasn’t declared their passing.\nIt would be good to do so, for many people would gain confidence, and so be reborn in a good place.\nThat King Seniya Bimbisāra of Magadha was a just and principled king who benefited the brahmins and householders, and people of town and country.\nPeople still sing his praises:\n‘That just and principled king, who made us so happy, has passed away. Life was good under his dominion.’\nHe too had confidence in the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and had fulfilled his ethics.\nPeople say:\n‘Until his dying day, King Bimbisāra sang the Buddha’s praises!’\nThe Buddha hasn’t declared his passing.\nIt would be good to do so, for many people would gain confidence, and so be reborn in a good place.\nBesides, the Buddha was awakened in Magadha;\nso why hasn’t he declared the rebirth of the Magadhan devotees?\nIf he fails to do so, they will be disheartened.”"}},{"id":"dn18:5","sourceIds":["dn18:5.1","dn18:5.2","dn18:5.3","dn18:5.4","dn18:5.5","dn18:5.6","dn18:5.7","dn18:5.8","dn18:5.9","dn18:5.10","dn18:5.11","dn18:5.12","dn18:5.13","dn18:5.14","dn18:5.15","dn18:5.16"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Idamāyasmā ānando māgadhake paricārake ārabbha eko raho anuvicintetvā rattiyā paccūsasamayaṁ paccuṭṭhāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“sutaṁ metaṁ, bhante:\n‘bhagavā kira parito parito janapadesu paricārake abbhatīte kālaṅkate upapattīsu byākaroti kāsikosalesu vajjimallesu cetivaṁsesu kurupañcālesu majjhasūrasenesu:\n“asu amutra upapanno, asu amutra upapanno.\nParopaññāsa nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātikā tattha parinibbāyino anāvattidhammā tasmā lokā.\nSādhikā navuti nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṁ tanuttā sakadāgāmino, sakideva imaṁ lokaṁ āgantvā dukkhassantaṁ karissanti.\nSātirekāni pañcasatāni nātikiyā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇāti.\nTena ca nātikiyā paricārakā attamanā ahesuṁ pamuditā pītisomanassajātā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṁ sutvā”’ti.\nIme kho panāpi, bhante, ahesuṁ māgadhakā paricārakā bahū ceva rattaññū ca abbhatītā kālaṅkatā.\nSuññā maññe aṅgamagadhā aṅgamāgadhakehi paricārakehi abbhatītehi kālaṅkatehi.\nTe kho panāpi, bhante, ahesuṁ buddhe pasannā dhamme pasannā saṅghe pasannā sīlesu paripūrakārino, te abbhatītā kālaṅkatā bhagavatā abyākatā.\nTesampissa sādhu veyyākaraṇaṁ, bahujano pasīdeyya, tato gaccheyya sugatiṁ.\nAyaṁ kho panāpi, bhante, ahosi rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro dhammiko dhammarājā hito brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṁ negamānañceva jānapadānañca.\nApissudaṁ manussā kittayamānarūpā viharanti:\n‘evaṁ no so dhammiko dhammarājā sukhāpetvā kālaṅkato.\nEvaṁ mayaṁ tassa dhammikassa dhammarañño vijite phāsu viharimhā’ti.","en":"After pondering the fate of the Magadhan devotees alone in private, Ānanda rose at the crack of dawn and went to the Buddha. He bowed, sat down to one side, and told the Buddha of his concerns, finishing by saying,"}},{"id":"dn18:6","sourceIds":["dn18:6.1","dn18:6.2","dn18:6.3","dn18:6.4","dn18:6.5","dn18:6.6","dn18:6.7","dn18:6.8","dn18:6.9","dn18:6.10"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So kho panāpi, bhante, ahosi buddhe pasanno dhamme pasanno saṅghe pasanno sīlesu paripūrakārī.\nApissudaṁ manussā evamāhaṁsu:\n‘yāva maraṇakālāpi rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro bhagavantaṁ kittayamānarūpo kālaṅkato’ti.\nSo abbhatīto kālaṅkato bhagavatā abyākato;\ntassapissa sādhu veyyākaraṇaṁ, bahujano pasīdeyya, tato gaccheyya sugatiṁ.\nBhagavato kho pana, bhante, sambodhi magadhesu.\nYattha kho pana, bhante, bhagavato sambodhi magadhesu, kathaṁ tatra bhagavā māgadhake paricārake abbhatīte kālaṅkate upapattīsu na byākareyya?\nBhagavā ce kho pana, bhante, māgadhake paricārake abbhatīte kālaṅkate upapattīsu na byākareyya, dīnamanā tenassu māgadhakā paricārakā;\nyena kho panassu dīnamanā māgadhakā paricārakā kathaṁ te bhagavā na byākareyyā”ti.\nIdamāyasmā ānando māgadhake paricārake ārabbha bhagavato sammukhā parikathaṁ katvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṁ katvā pakkāmi.","en":"“Why hasn’t the Buddha declared the rebirth of the Magadhan devotees? If he fails to do so, they will be disheartened.”\nThen Ānanda, after making this suggestion regarding the Magadhan devotees, rose from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right, before leaving."}},{"id":"dn18:7","sourceIds":["dn18:7.1","dn18:7.2","dn18:7.3","dn18:7.4","dn18:7.5","dn18:7.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkante āyasmante ānande pubbaṇhasamayaṁ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya nātikaṁ piṇḍāya pāvisi.\nNātike piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṁ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto pāde pakkhāletvā giñjakāvasathaṁ pavisitvā māgadhake paricārake ārabbha aṭṭhiṁ katvā manasikatvā sabbaṁ cetasā samannāharitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi:\n“gatiṁ nesaṁ jānissāmi abhisamparāyaṁ, yaṅgatikā te bhavanto yaṁabhisamparāyā”ti.\nAddasā kho bhagavā māgadhake paricārake:\n“yaṅgatikā te bhavanto yaṁabhisamparāyā”ti.\nAtha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito giñjakāvasathā nikkhamitvā vihārapacchāyāyaṁ paññatte āsane nisīdi.","en":"Soon after Ānanda had left, the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Ñātika for alms.\nHe wandered for alms in Ñātika. After the meal, on his return from almsround, he washed his feet and entered the brick house. He paid attention, applied the mind, and concentrated wholeheartedly on the fate of Magadhan devotees, and sat down on the seat spread out, thinking,\n“I shall know their destiny, where they are reborn in the next life.”\nAnd he saw where they had been reborn.\nThen in the late afternoon, the Buddha came out of retreat. Emerging from the brick house, he sat down on the seat spread out in the shade of the porch."}},{"id":"dn18:8","sourceIds":["dn18:8.1","dn18:8.2","dn18:8.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“upasantapadisso, bhante, bhagavā bhātiriva bhagavato mukhavaṇṇo vippasannattā indriyānaṁ.\nSantena nūnajja, bhante, bhagavā vihārena vihāsī”ti?","en":"Then Venerable Ānanda went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,\n“Sir, you look so serene; your face seems to shine owing to the clarity of your faculties.\nHave you been abiding in a peaceful meditation today, sir?”"}},{"id":"dn18:9","sourceIds":["dn18:9.1","dn18:9.2","dn18:9.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Yadeva kho me tvaṁ, ānanda, māgadhake paricārake ārabbha sammukhā parikathaṁ katvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkanto, tadevāhaṁ nātike piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṁ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto pāde pakkhāletvā giñjakāvasathaṁ pavisitvā māgadhake paricārake ārabbha aṭṭhiṁ katvā manasikatvā sabbaṁ cetasā samannāharitvā paññatte āsane nisīdiṁ:\n‘gatiṁ nesaṁ jānissāmi abhisamparāyaṁ, yaṅgatikā te bhavanto yaṁabhisamparāyā’ti.\nAddasaṁ kho ahaṁ, ānanda, māgadhake paricārake ‘yaṅgatikā te bhavanto yaṁabhisamparāyā’ti.","en":"The Buddha then recounted what had happened since speaking to Ānanda, revealing that he had seen the destiny of the Magadhan devotees. He continued:"}},{"id":"dn18:9.4","sourceIds":["dn18:9.4.0"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"3. Janavasabhayakkha","en":"3. Janavasabha the Spirit"}},{"id":"dn18:9-from-dn18-9.5","sourceIds":["dn18:9.5","dn18:9.6","dn18:9.7","dn18:9.8","dn18:9.9","dn18:9.10","dn18:9.11"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho, ānanda, antarahito yakkho saddamanussāvesi:\n‘janavasabho ahaṁ, bhagavā;\njanavasabho ahaṁ, sugatā’ti.\nAbhijānāsi no tvaṁ, ānanda, ito pubbe evarūpaṁ nāmadheyyaṁ sutaṁ yadidaṁ janavasabho”ti?\n“Na kho ahaṁ, bhante, abhijānāmi ito pubbe evarūpaṁ nāmadheyyaṁ sutaṁ yadidaṁ janavasabhoti, api ca me, bhante, lomāni haṭṭhāni ‘janavasabho’ti nāmadheyyaṁ sutvā.\nTassa mayhaṁ, bhante, etadahosi:\n‘na hi nūna so orako yakkho bhavissati yadidaṁ evarūpaṁ nāmadheyyaṁ supaññattaṁ yadidaṁ janavasabho’”ti.","en":"“Then, Ānanda, an invisible spirit called out:\n‘I am Janavasabha, Blessed One!\nI am Janavasabha, Holy One!’\nĀnanda, do you recall having previously heard such a name as Janavasabha?”\n“No, worthy sir. But when I heard the word, I got goosebumps!\nI thought,\n‘This must be no ordinary spirit to bear such an exalted name as Janavasabha.’”"}},{"id":"dn18:10","sourceIds":["dn18:10.1","dn18:10.2","dn18:10.3","dn18:10.4","dn18:10.5","dn18:10.6","dn18:10.7","dn18:10.8","dn18:10.9","dn18:10.10","dn18:10.11","dn18:10.12"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Anantarā kho, ānanda, saddapātubhāvā uḷāravaṇṇo me yakkho sammukhe pāturahosi.\nDutiyakampi saddamanussāvesi:\n‘bimbisāro ahaṁ, bhagavā;\nbimbisāro ahaṁ, sugatāti.\nIdaṁ sattamaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, vessavaṇassa mahārājassa sahabyataṁ upapajjāmi, so tato cuto manussarājā bhavituṁ pahomi.\nIto satta tato satta,\nsaṁsārāni catuddasa;\nNivāsamabhijānāmi,\nyattha me vusitaṁ pure.\nDīgharattaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, avinipāto avinipātaṁ sañjānāmi, āsā ca pana me santiṭṭhati sakadāgāmitāyā’”ti.\n“Acchariyamidaṁ āyasmato janavasabhassa yakkhassa, abbhutamidaṁ āyasmato janavasabhassa yakkhassa.\n‘Dīgharattaṁ kho ahaṁ, bhante, avinipāto avinipātaṁ sañjānāmī’ti ca vadesi, ‘āsā ca pana me santiṭṭhati sakadāgāmitāyā’ti ca vadesi, kutonidānaṁ panāyasmā janavasabho yakkho evarūpaṁ uḷāraṁ visesādhigamaṁ sañjānātī”ti?","en":"“After making himself heard while invisible, Ānanda, an exceptionally beautiful spirit appeared in front of me.\nAnd for a second time he called out:\n‘I am Bimbisāra, Blessed One!\nI am Bimbisāra, Holy One!\nThis is the seventh time I am reborn in the company of the Great King Vessavaṇa. When I pass away from here, I can become a king of men.\nSeven from here, seven from there—\nfourteen transmigrations in all.\nI remember these lives\nwhere I lived before.\nFor a long time I’ve known that I won’t be reborn in the underworld, but that I still hope to become a once-returner.’\n‘It’s incredible and amazing that you, the venerable spirit Janavasabha, should say:\n“For a long time I’ve been aware that I won’t be reborn in the underworld” and also “But I still hope to become a once-returner.” But from what source do you know that you’ve achieved such a high distinction?’"}},{"id":"dn18:11","sourceIds":["dn18:11.1","dn18:11.2","dn18:11.3","dn18:11.4","dn18:11.5","dn18:11.6","dn18:11.7","dn18:11.8","dn18:11.9"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“‘Na aññatra, bhagavā, tava sāsanā, na aññatra, sugata, tava sāsanā;\nyadagge ahaṁ, bhante, bhagavati ekantikato abhippasanno, tadagge ahaṁ, bhante, dīgharattaṁ avinipāto avinipātaṁ sañjānāmi, āsā ca pana me santiṭṭhati sakadāgāmitāya.\nIdhāhaṁ, bhante, vessavaṇena mahārājena pesito virūḷhakassa mahārājassa santike kenacideva karaṇīyena addasaṁ bhagavantaṁ antarāmagge giñjakāvasathaṁ pavisitvā māgadhake paricārake ārabbha aṭṭhiṁ katvā manasikatvā sabbaṁ cetasā samannāharitvā nisinnaṁ:\n“gatiṁ nesaṁ jānissāmi abhisamparāyaṁ, yaṅgatikā te bhavanto yaṁabhisamparāyā”ti.\nAnacchariyaṁ kho panetaṁ, bhante, yaṁ vessavaṇassa mahārājassa tassaṁ parisāyaṁ bhāsato sammukhā sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ:\n“yaṅgatikā te bhavanto yaṁabhisamparāyā”ti.\nTassa mayhaṁ, bhante, etadahosi:\n“bhagavantañca dakkhāmi, idañca bhagavato ārocessāmī”ti.\nIme kho me, bhante, dvepaccayā bhagavantaṁ dassanāya upasaṅkamituṁ.","en":"‘None other than the Blessed One’s instruction! None other than the Holy One’s instruction!\nFrom the day I had absolute devotion to the Buddha I have known that I won’t be reborn in the underworld, but that I still hope to become a once-returner.\nJust now, sir, I had been sent out by the great king Vessavaṇa to the great king Virūḷhaka’s presence on some business, and on the way I saw the Buddha giving his attention to the fate of the Magadhan devotees.\nBut it comes as no surprise that I have heard and learned the fate of the Magadhan devotees in the presence of the great king Vessavaṇa as he was speaking to his assembly.\nIt occurred to me,\n“I shall see the Buddha and inform him of this.”\nThese are the two reasons I’ve come to see the Buddha."}},{"id":"dn18:12","sourceIds":["dn18:12.0","dn18:12.1","dn18:12.2","dn18:12.3","dn18:12.4","dn18:12.5","dn18:12.6","dn18:12.7","dn18:12.8","dn18:12.9","dn18:12.10","dn18:12.11"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"4. Devasabhā\nPurimāni, bhante, divasāni purimatarāni tadahuposathe pannarase vassūpanāyikāya puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā kevalakappā ca devā tāvatiṁsā sudhammāyaṁ sabhāyaṁ sannisinnā honti sannipatitā.\nMahatī ca dibbaparisā samantato nisinnā honti, cattāro ca mahārājāno catuddisā nisinnā honti.\nPuratthimāya disāya dhataraṭṭho mahārājā pacchimābhimukho nisinno hoti deve purakkhatvā;\ndakkhiṇāya disāya virūḷhako mahārājā uttarābhimukho nisinno hoti deve purakkhatvā;\npacchimāya disāya virūpakkho mahārājā puratthābhimukho nisinno hoti deve purakkhatvā;\nuttarāya disāya vessavaṇo mahārājā dakkhiṇābhimukho nisinno hoti deve purakkhatvā.\nYadā, bhante, kevalakappā ca devā tāvatiṁsā sudhammāyaṁ sabhāyaṁ sannisinnā honti sannipatitā, mahatī ca dibbaparisā samantato nisinnā honti, cattāro ca mahārājāno catuddisā nisinnā honti. Idaṁ nesaṁ hoti āsanasmiṁ;\natha pacchā amhākaṁ āsanaṁ hoti.\nYe te, bhante, devā bhagavati brahmacariyaṁ caritvā adhunūpapannā tāvatiṁsakāyaṁ, te aññe deve atirocanti vaṇṇena ceva yasasā ca.\nTena sudaṁ, bhante, devā tāvatiṁsā attamanā honti pamuditā pītisomanassajātā:\n“dibbā vata bho kāyā paripūrenti, hāyanti asurakāyā”ti.","en":"4. The Council of the Gods\nSir, it was more than a few days ago—on the fifteenth day sabbath on the full moon day at the entry to the rainy season—when all the gods of the thirty-three were sitting together in the Hall of Clear Right.\nA large assembly of gods was sitting all around, and the four great kings were seated at the four quarters.\nThe Great King Dhataraṭṭha was seated to the east, facing west, in front of his gods.\nThe Great King Virūḷhaka was seated to the south, facing north, in front of his gods.\nThe Great King Virūpakkha was seated to the west, facing east, in front of his gods.\nThe Great King Vessavaṇa was seated to the north, facing south, in front of his gods.\nWhen the gods of the thirty-three have a gathering like this, that is how they are seated.\nAfter that come our seats.\nSir, those gods who had been recently reborn in the company of the thirty-three after leading the spiritual life under the Buddha outshone the other gods in beauty and glory.\nThe gods of the thirty-three became uplifted and overjoyed at that, full of rapture and happiness, saying,\n“The heavenly hosts swell, while the titan hosts dwindle!”"}},{"id":"dn18:13","sourceIds":["dn18:13.1","dn18:13.2","dn18:13.3","dn18:13.4","dn18:13.5","dn18:13.6","dn18:13.7","dn18:13.8","dn18:13.9","dn18:13.10","dn18:13.11","dn18:13.12","dn18:13.13","dn18:13.14","dn18:13.15","dn18:13.16","dn18:13.17","dn18:13.18","dn18:13.19"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho, bhante, sakko devānamindo devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ sampasādaṁ viditvā imāhi gāthāhi anumodi:\n“Modanti vata bho devā,\ntāvatiṁsā sahindakā;\nTathāgataṁ namassantā,\ndhammassa ca sudhammataṁ.\nNave deve ca passantā,\nvaṇṇavante yasassine;\nSugatasmiṁ brahmacariyaṁ,\ncaritvāna idhāgate.\nTe aññe atirocanti,\nvaṇṇena yasasāyunā;\nSāvakā bhūripaññassa,\nvisesūpagatā idha.\nIdaṁ disvāna nandanti,\ntāvatiṁsā sahindakā;\nTathāgataṁ namassantā,\ndhammassa ca sudhammatan”ti.\nTena sudaṁ, bhante, devā tāvatiṁsā bhiyyoso mattāya attamanā honti pamuditā pītisomanassajātā\n“dibbā vata, bho, kāyā paripūrenti, hāyanti asurakāyā”ti.","en":"Seeing the joy of those gods, Sakka, lord of gods, celebrated with these verses:\n“The gods rejoice—\nthe thirty-three with their Lord—\nrevering the Realized One,\nand the clear rightness of the teaching;\nand seeing the new gods,\nso beautiful and glorious,\nwho have come here after leading\nthe spiritual life under the Buddha!\nThey outshine the others\nin beauty, glory, and lifespan.\nHere are the distinguished disciples\nof he whose wisdom is vast.\nSeeing this, they delight—\nthe thirty-three with their Lord—\nrevering the Realized One,\nand the clear rightness of the teaching.”\nThe gods of the thirty-three became even more uplifted and overjoyed at that, saying:\n“The heavenly hosts swell, while the titan hosts dwindle!”"}},{"id":"dn18:14","sourceIds":["dn18:14.1","dn18:14.2","dn18:14.3","dn18:14.4","dn18:14.5","dn18:14.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho, bhante, yenatthena devā tāvatiṁsā sudhammāyaṁ sabhāyaṁ sannisinnā honti sannipatitā, taṁ atthaṁ cintayitvā taṁ atthaṁ mantayitvā vuttavacanāpi taṁ cattāro mahārājāno tasmiṁ atthe honti. Paccānusiṭṭhavacanāpi taṁ cattāro mahārājāno tasmiṁ atthe honti,\nsakesu sakesu āsanesu ṭhitā avipakkantā.\nTe vuttavākyā rājāno,\npaṭiggayhānusāsaniṁ;\nVippasannamanā santā,\naṭṭhaṁsu samhi āsaneti.","en":"Then the gods of the thirty-three, having considered and deliberated on the matter for which they were seated together in the Hall of Clear Right, advised and instructed the four great kings on the subject.\nEach one, having been advised, stood at his own seat without leaving.\nThe Kings were instructed,\nand heeded good advice.\nWith clear and peaceful minds,\nthey stood by their own seats."}},{"id":"dn18:15","sourceIds":["dn18:15.1","dn18:15.2","dn18:15.3","dn18:15.4","dn18:15.5","dn18:15.6","dn18:15.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho, bhante, uttarāya disāya uḷāro āloko sañjāyi, obhāso pāturahosi atikkammeva devānaṁ devānubhāvaṁ.\nAtha kho, bhante, sakko devānamindo deve tāvatiṁse āmantesi:\n“yathā kho, mārisā, nimittāni dissanti, uḷāro āloko sañjāyati, obhāso pātubhavati, brahmā pātubhavissati. Brahmuno hetaṁ pubbanimittaṁ pātubhāvāya yadidaṁ āloko sañjāyati obhāso pātubhavatī”ti.\nYathā nimittā dissanti,\nbrahmā pātubhavissati;\nBrahmuno hetaṁ nimittaṁ,\nobhāso vipulo mahāti.","en":"Then in the northern quarter a magnificent light arose and radiance appeared, surpassing the glory of the gods.\nThen Sakka, lord of gods, addressed the gods of the thirty-three,\n“As indicated by the signs—light arising and radiance appearing—The Divinity will appear. For this is the harbinger for the appearance of the Divinity, namely light arising and radiance appearing.”\nAs indicated by the signs,\nThe Divinity will appear.\nFor this is the sign of the Divinity:\na light vast and great."}},{"id":"dn18:16","sourceIds":["dn18:16.0","dn18:16.1","dn18:16.2","dn18:16.3","dn18:16.4","dn18:16.5","dn18:16.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"5. Sanaṅkumārakathā\nAtha kho, bhante, devā tāvatiṁsā yathāsakesu āsanesu nisīdiṁsu:\n“obhāsametaṁ ñassāma, yaṁvipāko bhavissati, sacchikatvāva naṁ gamissāmā”ti.\nCattāropi mahārājāno yathāsakesu āsanesu nisīdiṁsu:\n“obhāsametaṁ ñassāma yaṁvipāko bhavissati, sacchikatvāva naṁ gamissāmā”ti.\nIdaṁ sutvā devā tāvatiṁsā ekaggā samāpajjiṁsu:\n“obhāsametaṁ ñassāma, yaṁvipāko bhavissati, sacchikatvāva naṁ gamissāmā”ti.","en":"5. On Sanaṅkumāra\nThen the gods of the thirty-three sat in their own seats, saying,\n“We shall find out what has caused that light, and only when we have realized it shall we go to it.”\nAnd the four great kings did likewise.\nHearing that, the gods of the thirty-three agreed in unison,\n“We shall find out what has caused that light, and only when we have realized it shall we go to it.”"}},{"id":"dn18:17","sourceIds":["dn18:17.1","dn18:17.2","dn18:17.3","dn18:17.4","dn18:17.5","dn18:17.6","dn18:17.7","dn18:17.8","dn18:17.9"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Yadā, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ pātubhavati, oḷārikaṁ attabhāvaṁ abhinimminitvā pātubhavati.\nYo kho pana, bhante, brahmuno pakativaṇṇo anabhisambhavanīyo so devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ cakkhupathasmiṁ.\nYadā, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ pātubhavati, so aññe deve atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā ca.\nSeyyathāpi, bhante, sovaṇṇo viggaho mānusaṁ viggahaṁ atirocati;\nevameva kho, bhante, yadā brahmā sanaṅkumāro devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ pātubhavati, so aññe deve atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā ca.\nYadā, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ pātubhavati, na tassaṁ parisāyaṁ koci devo abhivādeti vā paccuṭṭheti vā āsanena vā nimanteti.\nSabbeva tuṇhībhūtā pañjalikā pallaṅkena nisīdanti:\n“yassadāni devassa pallaṅkaṁ icchissati brahmā sanaṅkumāro, tassa devassa pallaṅke nisīdissatī”ti.\nYassa kho pana, bhante, devassa brahmā sanaṅkumāro pallaṅke nisīdati, uḷāraṁ so labhati devo vedapaṭilābhaṁ; uḷāraṁ so labhati devo somanassapaṭilābhaṁ.","en":"When the divinity Sanaṅkumāra appears to the gods of the thirty-three, he does so after manifesting a solid incarnation.\nFor a Divinity’s normal appearance is imperceptible in the visual range of the gods of the thirty-three.\nWhen the divinity Sanaṅkumāra appears to the gods of the thirty-three, he outshines the other gods in beauty and glory,\nas a golden statue outshines the human form.\nWhen the divinity Sanaṅkumāra appears to the gods of the thirty-three, not a single god in that assembly greets him by bowing down or rising up or inviting him to a seat.\nThey all sit silently on their couches with their cupped palms raised, thinking,\n“Now the divinity Sanaṅkumāra will sit on the couch of whatever god he chooses.”\nAnd the god on whose couch the Divinity sits is overjoyed and brimming with happiness,"}},{"id":"dn18:18","sourceIds":["dn18:18.1","dn18:18.2","dn18:18.3","dn18:18.4","dn18:18.5","dn18:18.6","dn18:18.7","dn18:18.8","dn18:18.9","dn18:18.10","dn18:18.11","dn18:18.12","dn18:18.13","dn18:18.14","dn18:18.15","dn18:18.16","dn18:18.17","dn18:18.18","dn18:18.19","dn18:18.20","dn18:18.21","dn18:18.22"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Seyyathāpi, bhante, rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto adhunābhisitto rajjena, uḷāraṁ so labhati vedapaṭilābhaṁ, uḷāraṁ so labhati somanassapaṭilābhaṁ;\nevameva kho, bhante, yassa devassa brahmā sanaṅkumāro pallaṅke nisīdati, uḷāraṁ so labhati devo vedapaṭilābhaṁ, uḷāraṁ so labhati devo somanassapaṭilābhaṁ.\nAtha, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro oḷārikaṁ attabhāvaṁ abhinimminitvā kumāravaṇṇī hutvā pañcasikho devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ pāturahosi.\nSo vehāsaṁ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe pallaṅkena nisīdi.\nSeyyathāpi, bhante, balavā puriso supaccatthate vā pallaṅke same vā bhūmibhāge pallaṅkena nisīdeyya;\nevameva kho, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro vehāsaṁ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe pallaṅkena nisīditvā devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ sampasādaṁ viditvā imāhi gāthāhi anumodi:\n“Modanti vata bho devā,\ntāvatiṁsā sahindakā;\nTathāgataṁ namassantā,\ndhammassa ca sudhammataṁ.\nNave deve ca passantā,\nvaṇṇavante yasassine;\nSugatasmiṁ brahmacariyaṁ,\ncaritvāna idhāgate.\nTe aññe atirocanti,\nvaṇṇena yasasāyunā;\nSāvakā bhūripaññassa,\nvisesūpagatā idha.\nIdaṁ disvāna nandanti,\ntāvatiṁsā sahindakā;\nTathāgataṁ namassantā,\ndhammassa ca sudhammatan”ti.","en":"like a king on the day of his coronation.\nThen the divinity Sanaṅkumāra manifested a solid incarnation, taking on the appearance of the youth Pañcasikha, and appeared to the gods of the thirty-three.\nRising into the air, he sat cross-legged in the sky,\nlike a strong man might sit cross-legged on a well-appointed couch or on level ground.\nSeeing the joy of those gods, the divinity Sanaṅkumāra celebrated with these verses:\n“The gods rejoice—\nthe thirty-three with their Lord—\nrevering the Realized One,\nand the clear rightness of the teaching;\nand seeing the new gods,\nso beautiful and glorious,\nwho have come here after leading\nthe spiritual life under the Buddha!\nThey outshine the others\nin beauty, glory, and lifespan.\nHere are the distinguished disciples\nof he whose wisdom is vast.\nSeeing this, they delight—\nthe thirty-three with their Lord—\nrevering the Realized One,\nand the clear rightness of the teaching!”"}},{"id":"dn18:19","sourceIds":["dn18:19.1","dn18:19.2","dn18:19.3","dn18:19.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Imamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsittha;\nimamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmuno sanaṅkumārassa bhāsato aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato saro hoti vissaṭṭho ca viññeyyo ca mañju ca savanīyo ca bindu ca avisārī ca gambhīro ca ninnādī ca.\nYathāparisaṁ kho pana, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro sarena viññāpeti; na cassa bahiddhā parisāya ghoso niccharati.\nYassa kho pana, bhante, evaṁ aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgato saro hoti, so vuccati “brahmassaro”ti.","en":"That is the topic on which the divinity Sanaṅkumāra spoke.\nAnd while he was speaking on that topic, his voice had eight qualities: it was clear, comprehensible, charming, audible, lucid, undistorted, deep, and resonant.\nHe makes sure his voice is intelligible as far as the assembly goes, but the sound doesn’t extend outside the assembly.\nWhen someone has a voice like this, they’re said to have the voice of the Divinity."}},{"id":"dn18:20","sourceIds":["dn18:20.1","dn18:20.2","dn18:20.3","dn18:20.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro tettiṁse attabhāve abhinimminitvā devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ paccekapallaṅkesu pallaṅkena nisīditvā deve tāvatiṁse āmantesi:\n“taṁ kiṁ maññanti, bhonto devā tāvatiṁsā, yāvañca so bhagavā bahujanahitāya paṭipanno bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṁ.\nYe hi keci, bho, buddhaṁ saraṇaṁ gatā dhammaṁ saraṇaṁ gatā saṅghaṁ saraṇaṁ gatā sīlesu paripūrakārino te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā appekacce paranimmitavasavattīnaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjanti, appekacce nimmānaratīnaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjanti, appekacce tusitānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjanti, appekacce yāmānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjanti, appekacce tāvatiṁsānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjanti, appekacce cātumahārājikānaṁ devānaṁ sahabyataṁ upapajjanti.\nYe sabbanihīnaṁ kāyaṁ paripūrenti, te gandhabbakāyaṁ paripūrentī”ti.","en":"Then the divinity Sanaṅkumāra, having manifested thirty-three life-forms, sat down on the couches of each of the gods of the thirty-three and addressed them,\n“What do the good gods of the thirty-three think? How the Buddha has acted for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans!\nFor consider those who have gone for refuge to the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and have fulfilled their ethics. When their bodies break up, after death, some are reborn in the company of the gods who control what is created by others, some with the gods who love to create, some with the joyful gods, some with the gods of Yama, some with the gods of the thirty-three, and some with the gods of the four great kings.\nAnd at the very least they swell the hosts of the centaurs.”"}},{"id":"dn18:21","sourceIds":["dn18:21.1","dn18:21.2","dn18:21.3","dn18:21.4","dn18:21.5","dn18:21.6","dn18:21.7","dn18:21.8","dn18:21.9","dn18:21.10","dn18:21.11"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Imamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsittha;\nimamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmuno sanaṅkumārassa bhāsato ghosoyeva devā maññanti:\n“yvāyaṁ mama pallaṅke svāyaṁ ekova bhāsatī”ti.\nEkasmiṁ bhāsamānasmiṁ,\nsabbe bhāsanti nimmitā;\nEkasmiṁ tuṇhimāsīne,\nsabbe tuṇhī bhavanti te.\nTadāsu devā maññanti,\ntāvatiṁsā sahindakā;\nYvāyaṁ mama pallaṅkasmiṁ,\nsvāyaṁ ekova bhāsatīti.","en":"That is the topic on which the divinity Sanaṅkumāra spoke.\nAnd hearing the sound of the Divinity speaking on that topic, the gods fancied,\n“The one sitting on my couch is the only one speaking.”\nWhen one is speaking,\nall the forms speak.\nWhen one sits in silence,\nthey all remain silent.\nBut those gods imagine—\nthe thirty-three with their Lord—\nthat the one on their seat\nis the only one to speak."}},{"id":"dn18:22","sourceIds":["dn18:22.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro ekattena attānaṁ upasaṁharati, ekattena attānaṁ upasaṁharitvā sakkassa devānamindassa pallaṅke pallaṅkena nisīditvā deve tāvatiṁse āmantesi:","en":"Next the divinity Sanaṅkumāra merged into one corporeal form. Then he sat on the couch of Sakka, lord of gods, and addressed the gods of the thirty-three:"}},{"id":"dn18:22.2","sourceIds":["dn18:22.2.0"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"6. Bhāvitaiddhipāda","en":"6. Developing the Bases of Psychic Power"}},{"id":"dn18:22-from-dn18-22.3","sourceIds":["dn18:22.3","dn18:22.4","dn18:22.5","dn18:22.6","dn18:22.7","dn18:22.8","dn18:22.9","dn18:22.10","dn18:22.11","dn18:22.12","dn18:22.13","dn18:22.14","dn18:22.15"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Taṁ kiṁ maññanti, bhonto devā tāvatiṁsā, yāva supaññattā cime tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro iddhipādā paññattā iddhipahutāya iddhivisavitāya iddhivikubbanatāya.\nKatame cattāro?\nIdha bho bhikkhu chandasamādhippadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.\nVīriyasamādhippadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.\nCittasamādhippadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.\nVīmaṁsāsamādhippadhānasaṅkhārasamannāgataṁ iddhipādaṁ bhāveti.\nIme kho, bho, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro iddhipādā paññattā iddhipahutāya iddhivisavitāya iddhivikubbanatāya.\nYe hi keci bho atītamaddhānaṁ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā anekavihitaṁ iddhividhaṁ paccanubhosuṁ, sabbe te imesaṁyeva catunnaṁ iddhipādānaṁ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā.\nYepi hi keci bho anāgatamaddhānaṁ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā anekavihitaṁ iddhividhaṁ paccanubhossanti, sabbe te imesaṁyeva catunnaṁ iddhipādānaṁ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā.\nYepi hi keci bho etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā anekavihitaṁ iddhividhaṁ paccanubhonti, sabbe te imesaṁyeva catunnaṁ iddhipādānaṁ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā.\nPassanti no, bhonto devā tāvatiṁsā, mamapimaṁ evarūpaṁ iddhānubhāvan”ti?\n“Evaṁ, mahābrahme”ti.\n“Ahampi kho bho imesaṁyeva catunnañca iddhipādānaṁ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā evaṁ mahiddhiko evaṁmahānubhāvo”ti.","en":"“What do the good gods of the thirty-three think? How well described by the Blessed One—who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha—are the four bases of psychic power! They are taught for the amplification, burgeoning, and transformation of psychic power.\nWhat four?\nIt’s when a mendicant develops the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to enthusiasm, and active effort.\nThey develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to energy, and active effort.\nThey develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to mental development, and active effort.\nThey develop the basis of psychic power that has immersion due to inquiry, and active effort.\nThese are the four bases of psychic power taught by the Buddha for the amplification, burgeoning, and transformation of psychic power.\nAll the ascetics and brahmins in the past,\nfuture,\nor present who wield the many kinds of psychic power do so by developing and cultivating these four bases of psychic power.\nGentlemen, do you see such psychic might and power in me?”\n“Yes, Great Divinity.”\n“I too became so mighty and powerful by developing and cultivating these four bases of psychic power.”"}},{"id":"dn18:23","sourceIds":["dn18:23.1","dn18:23.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Imamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsittha.\nImamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsitvā deve tāvatiṁse āmantesi:","en":"That is the topic on which the divinity Sanaṅkumāra spoke.\nAnd having spoken about that, he addressed the gods of the thirty-three:"}},{"id":"dn18:23.3","sourceIds":["dn18:23.3.0"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"7. Tividhaokāsādhigama","en":"7. The Three Openings"}},{"id":"dn18:23-from-dn18-23.4","sourceIds":["dn18:23.4","dn18:23.5","dn18:23.6","dn18:23.7","dn18:23.8","dn18:23.9","dn18:23.10","dn18:23.11","dn18:23.12"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Taṁ kiṁ maññanti, bhonto devā tāvatiṁsā, yāvañcidaṁ tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tayo okāsādhigamā anubuddhā sukhassādhigamāya.\nKatame tayo?\nIdha bho ekacco saṁsaṭṭho viharati kāmehi saṁsaṭṭho akusalehi dhammehi.\nSo aparena samayena ariyadhammaṁ suṇāti, yoniso manasi karoti, dhammānudhammaṁ paṭipajjati.\nSo ariyadhammassavanaṁ āgamma yonisomanasikāraṁ dhammānudhammappaṭipattiṁ asaṁsaṭṭho viharati kāmehi asaṁsaṭṭho akusalehi dhammehi.\nTassa asaṁsaṭṭhassa kāmehi asaṁsaṭṭhassa akusalehi dhammehi uppajjati sukhaṁ, sukhā bhiyyo somanassaṁ.\nSeyyathāpi, bho, pamudā pāmojjaṁ jāyetha;\nevameva kho, bho, asaṁsaṭṭhassa kāmehi asaṁsaṭṭhassa akusalehi dhammehi uppajjati sukhaṁ, sukhā bhiyyo somanassaṁ.\nAyaṁ kho, bho, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena paṭhamo okāsādhigamo anubuddho sukhassādhigamāya.","en":"“What do the good gods of the thirty-three think? How well understood by the Buddha are the three opportunities for achieving happiness!\nWhat three?\nFirst, take someone who lives mixed up with sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities.\nAfter some time they hear the teaching of the noble ones, rationally apply the mind to how it applies to them, and practice in line with the teaching.\nThey live aloof from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities.\nThat gives rise to pleasure, and more than pleasure, happiness,\nlike the joy that’s born from gladness.\nThis is the first opportunity for achieving happiness."}},{"id":"dn18:24","sourceIds":["dn18:24.1","dn18:24.2","dn18:24.3","dn18:24.4","dn18:24.5","dn18:24.6","dn18:24.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, bho, idhekaccassa oḷārikā kāyasaṅkhārā appaṭippassaddhā honti, oḷārikā vacīsaṅkhārā appaṭippassaddhā honti, oḷārikā cittasaṅkhārā appaṭippassaddhā honti.\nSo aparena samayena ariyadhammaṁ suṇāti, yoniso manasi karoti, dhammānudhammaṁ paṭipajjati.\nTassa ariyadhammassavanaṁ āgamma yonisomanasikāraṁ dhammānudhammappaṭipattiṁ oḷārikā kāyasaṅkhārā paṭippassambhanti, oḷārikā vacīsaṅkhārā paṭippassambhanti, oḷārikā cittasaṅkhārā paṭippassambhanti.\nTassa oḷārikānaṁ kāyasaṅkhārānaṁ paṭippassaddhiyā oḷārikānaṁ vacīsaṅkhārānaṁ paṭippassaddhiyā oḷārikānaṁ cittasaṅkhārānaṁ paṭippassaddhiyā uppajjati sukhaṁ, sukhā bhiyyo somanassaṁ.\nSeyyathāpi, bho, pamudā pāmojjaṁ jāyetha;\nevameva kho bho oḷārikānaṁ kāyasaṅkhārānaṁ paṭippassaddhiyā oḷārikānaṁ vacīsaṅkhārānaṁ paṭippassaddhiyā oḷārikānaṁ cittasaṅkhārānaṁ paṭippassaddhiyā uppajjati sukhaṁ, sukhā bhiyyo somanassaṁ.\nAyaṁ kho, bho, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dutiyo okāsādhigamo anubuddho sukhassādhigamāya.","en":"Next, take someone whose coarse physical, verbal, and mental processes have not died down.\nAfter some time they hear the teaching of the noble ones, rationally apply the mind to how it applies to them, and practice in line with the teaching.\nTheir coarse physical, verbal, and mental processes die down.\nThat gives rise to pleasure, and more than pleasure, happiness,\nlike the joy that’s born from gladness.\nThis is the second opportunity for achieving happiness."}},{"id":"dn18:25","sourceIds":["dn18:25.1","dn18:25.2","dn18:25.3","dn18:25.4","dn18:25.5","dn18:25.6","dn18:25.7","dn18:25.8","dn18:25.9","dn18:25.10","dn18:25.11"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, bho, idhekacco ‘idaṁ kusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti, ‘idaṁ akusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.\n‘Idaṁ sāvajjaṁ idaṁ anavajjaṁ, idaṁ sevitabbaṁ idaṁ na sevitabbaṁ, idaṁ hīnaṁ idaṁ paṇītaṁ, idaṁ kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.\nSo aparena samayena ariyadhammaṁ suṇāti, yoniso manasi karoti, dhammānudhammaṁ paṭipajjati.\nSo ariyadhammassavanaṁ āgamma yonisomanasikāraṁ dhammānudhammappaṭipattiṁ, ‘idaṁ kusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti, ‘idaṁ akusalan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti.\n‘Idaṁ sāvajjaṁ idaṁ anavajjaṁ, idaṁ sevitabbaṁ idaṁ na sevitabbaṁ, idaṁ hīnaṁ idaṁ paṇītaṁ, idaṁ kaṇhasukkasappaṭibhāgan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti.\nTassa evaṁ jānato evaṁ passato avijjā pahīyati, vijjā uppajjati.\nTassa avijjāvirāgā vijjuppādā uppajjati sukhaṁ, sukhā bhiyyo somanassaṁ.\nSeyyathāpi, bho, pamudā pāmojjaṁ jāyetha;\nevameva kho, bho, avijjāvirāgā vijjuppādā uppajjati sukhaṁ, sukhā bhiyyo somanassaṁ.\nAyaṁ kho, bho, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tatiyo okāsādhigamo anubuddho sukhassādhigamāya.\nIme kho, bho, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena tayo okāsādhigamā anubuddhā sukhassādhigamāyā”ti.","en":"Next, take someone who doesn’t truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful,\nwhat is blameworthy and what is blameless, what should be cultivated and what should not be cultivated, what is inferior and what is superior, and what has a portion of dark or bright.\nAfter some time they hear the teaching of the noble ones, rationally apply the mind to how it applies to them, and practice in line with the teaching.\nThey truly understand what is skillful and what is unskillful, and so on.\nKnowing and seeing like this, ignorance is given up and knowledge arises.\nThat gives rise to pleasure, and more than pleasure, happiness,\nlike the joy that’s born from gladness.\nThis is the third opportunity for achieving happiness.\nThese are the three opportunities for achieving happiness that have been understood by the Buddha.”"}},{"id":"dn18:26","sourceIds":["dn18:26.1","dn18:26.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Imamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsittha,\nimamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsitvā deve tāvatiṁse āmantesi:","en":"That is the topic on which the divinity Sanaṅkumāra spoke.\nAnd having spoken about that, he addressed the gods of the thirty-three:"}},{"id":"dn18:26.3","sourceIds":["dn18:26.3.0"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"8. Catusatipaṭṭhāna","en":"8. Mindfulness Meditation"}},{"id":"dn18:26-from-dn18-26.4","sourceIds":["dn18:26.4","dn18:26.5","dn18:26.6","dn18:26.7","dn18:26.8","dn18:26.9","dn18:26.10","dn18:26.11","dn18:26.12","dn18:26.13","dn18:26.14","dn18:26.15","dn18:26.16"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Taṁ kiṁ maññanti, bhonto devā tāvatiṁsā, yāva supaññattā cime tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paññattā kusalassādhigamāya.\nKatame cattāro?\nIdha, bho, bhikkhu ajjhattaṁ kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ.\nAjjhattaṁ kāye kāyānupassī viharanto tattha sammā samādhiyati, sammā vippasīdati.\nSo tattha sammā samāhito sammā vippasanno bahiddhā parakāye ñāṇadassanaṁ abhinibbatteti.\nAjjhattaṁ vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati …pe…\nbahiddhā paravedanāsu ñāṇadassanaṁ abhinibbatteti.\nAjjhattaṁ citte cittānupassī viharati …pe…\nbahiddhā paracitte ñāṇadassanaṁ abhinibbatteti.\nAjjhattaṁ dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṁ.\nAjjhattaṁ dhammesu dhammānupassī viharanto tattha sammā samādhiyati, sammā vippasīdati.\nSo tattha sammā samāhito sammā vippasanno bahiddhā paradhammesu ñāṇadassanaṁ abhinibbatteti.\nIme kho, bho, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paññattā kusalassādhigamāyā”ti.","en":"“What do the good gods of the thirty-three think? How well described by the Buddha are the four kinds of mindfulness meditation! They are taught for achieving what is skillful.\nWhat four?\nIt’s when a mendicant meditates by observing an aspect of the body internally—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world.\nAs they meditate in this way, they become rightly immersed in that, and rightly serene.\nThen they give rise to knowledge and vision of other people’s bodies externally.\nThey meditate observing an aspect of feelings internally …\nThen they give rise to knowledge and vision of other people’s feelings externally.\nThey meditate observing an aspect of the mind internally …\nThen they give rise to knowledge and vision of other people’s minds externally.\nThey meditate observing an aspect of principles internally—keen, aware, and mindful, rid of covetousness and displeasure for the world.\nAs they meditate in this way, they become rightly immersed in that, and rightly serene.\nThen they give rise to knowledge and vision of other people’s principles externally.\nThese are the four kinds of mindfulness meditation taught by the Buddha for achieving what is skillful.”"}},{"id":"dn18:27","sourceIds":["dn18:27.1","dn18:27.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Imamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsittha.\nImamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsitvā deve tāvatiṁse āmantesi:","en":"That is the topic on which the divinity Sanaṅkumāra spoke.\nAnd having spoken about that, he addressed the gods of the thirty-three:"}},{"id":"dn18:27.3","sourceIds":["dn18:27.3.0"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"9. Sattasamādhiparikkhāra","en":"9. Seven Prerequisites of Immersion"}},{"id":"dn18:27-from-dn18-27.4","sourceIds":["dn18:27.4","dn18:27.5","dn18:27.6","dn18:27.7","dn18:27.8","dn18:27.9","dn18:27.10","dn18:27.11","dn18:27.12","dn18:27.13","dn18:27.14","dn18:27.15","dn18:27.16","dn18:27.17"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Taṁ kiṁ maññanti, bhonto devā tāvatiṁsā, yāva supaññattā cime tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena satta samādhiparikkhārā sammāsamādhissa paribhāvanāya sammāsamādhissa pāripūriyā.\nKatame satta?\nSammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati.\nYā kho, bho, imehi sattahaṅgehi cittassa ekaggatā parikkhatā, ayaṁ vuccati, bho, ariyo sammāsamādhi saupaniso itipi saparikkhāro itipi.\nSammādiṭṭhissa, bho, sammāsaṅkappo pahoti, sammāsaṅkappassa sammāvācā pahoti, sammāvācassa sammākammanto pahoti. Sammākammantassa sammāājīvo pahoti, sammāājīvassa sammāvāyāmo pahoti, sammāvāyāmassa sammāsati pahoti, sammāsatissa sammāsamādhi pahoti, sammāsamādhissa sammāñāṇaṁ pahoti, sammāñāṇassa sammāvimutti pahoti.\nYañhi taṁ, bho, sammā vadamāno vadeyya:\n‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṁ veditabbo viññūhi apārutā amatassa dvārā’ti idameva taṁ sammā vadamāno vadeyya.\nSvākkhāto hi, bho, bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko, akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṁ veditabbo viññūhi apārutā amatassa dvārā.\nYe hi keci, bho, buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgatā, dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgatā, saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgatā, ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgatā, ye cime opapātikā dhammavinītā sātirekāni catuvīsatisatasahassāni māgadhakā paricārakā abbhatītā kālaṅkatā tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyaṇā.\nAtthi cevettha sakadāgāmino.\nAtthāyaṁ itarā pajā,\npuññābhāgāti me mano;\nSaṅkhātuṁ nopi sakkomi,\nmusāvādassa ottappan”ti.","en":"“What do the good gods of the thirty-three think? How well described by the Buddha are the seven prerequisites of immersion for the development and fulfillment of right immersion!\nWhat seven?\nRight view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, and right mindfulness.\nUnification of mind with these seven factors as prerequisites is called noble right immersion ‘with its vital conditions’ and also ‘with its prerequisites’.\nRight view produces right purpose. Right purpose produces right speech. Right speech produces right action. Right action produces right livelihood. Right livelihood produces right effort. Right effort produces right mindfulness. Right mindfulness produces right immersion. Right immersion produces right knowledge. Right knowledge produces right freedom.\nIf anything should be rightly described as\n‘a teaching that’s well explained by the Buddha, apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves; and the doors to freedom from death are flung open,’ it’s this.\nFor the teaching is well explained by the Buddha—apparent in the present life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves—and the doors to freedom from death are flung open.\nWhoever has experiential confidence in the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha, and has the ethical conduct loved by the noble ones; and whoever is spontaneously reborn, and is trained in the teaching; more than 2,400,000 such Magadhan devotees have passed away having ended three fetters. They’re stream-enterers, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, assured, destined for awakening.\nAnd there are once-returners here, too.\nAnd as for the rest of folk,\nwho I think have shared in merit—\nI couldn’t even number them,\nfor fear of speaking falsely.”"}},{"id":"dn18:28","sourceIds":["dn18:28.1","dn18:28.2","dn18:28.3","dn18:28.4","dn18:28.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Imamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhāsittha, imamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmuno sanaṅkumārassa bhāsato vessavaṇassa mahārājassa evaṁ cetaso parivitakko udapādi:\n“acchariyaṁ vata bho, abbhutaṁ vata bho, evarūpopi nāma uḷāro satthā bhavissati, evarūpaṁ uḷāraṁ dhammakkhānaṁ, evarūpā uḷārā visesādhigamā paññāyissantī”ti.\nAtha, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro vessavaṇassa mahārājassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya vessavaṇaṁ mahārājānaṁ etadavoca:\n“taṁ kiṁ maññati bhavaṁ vessavaṇo mahārājā atītampi addhānaṁ evarūpo uḷāro satthā ahosi, evarūpaṁ uḷāraṁ dhammakkhānaṁ, evarūpā uḷārā visesādhigamā paññāyiṁsu.\nAnāgatampi addhānaṁ evarūpo uḷāro satthā bhavissati, evarūpaṁ uḷāraṁ dhammakkhānaṁ, evarūpā uḷārā visesādhigamā paññāyissantī”ti.","en":"That is the topic on which the divinity Sanaṅkumāra spoke. And while he was speaking on that topic, this thought came to the great king Vessavaṇa,\n“Oh lord, how incredible, how amazing! That there should be such a magnificent Teacher, and such a magnificent exposition of the teaching! And that such achievements of high distinction should be made known!”\nAnd then the divinity Sanaṅkumāra, knowing the great king Vessavaṇa’s train of thought, said to him,\n“What does Great King Vessavaṇa think? In the past, too, there was such a magnificent Teacher, and such a magnificent exposition of the teaching! And such achievements of high distinction were made known!\nIn the future, too, there will be such a magnificent Teacher, and such a magnificent exposition of the teaching! And such achievements of high distinction will be made known!”"}},{"id":"dn18:29","sourceIds":["dn18:29.1","dn18:29.2","dn18:29.3","dn18:29.4","dn18:29.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Imamatthaṁ, bhante, brahmā sanaṅkumāro devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ abhāsi, imamatthaṁ vessavaṇo mahārājā brahmuno sanaṅkumārassa devānaṁ tāvatiṁsānaṁ bhāsato sammukhā sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ sayaṁ parisāyaṁ ārocesi’”.\nImamatthaṁ janavasabho yakkho vessavaṇassa mahārājassa sayaṁ parisāyaṁ bhāsato sammukhā sutaṁ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṁ bhagavato ārocesi.\nImamatthaṁ bhagavā janavasabhassa yakkhassa sammukhā sutvā sammukhā paṭiggahetvā sāmañca abhiññāya āyasmato ānandassa ārocesi, imamatthamāyasmā ānando bhagavato sammukhā sutvā sammukhā paṭiggahetvā ārocesi bhikkhūnaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ upāsakānaṁ upāsikānaṁ.\nTayidaṁ brahmacariyaṁ iddhañceva phītañca vitthārikaṁ bāhujaññaṁ puthubhūtaṁ yāva devamanussehi suppakāsitanti.\nJanavasabhasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ pañcamaṁ.","en":"That, sir, is the topic on which the divinity Sanaṅkumāra spoke to the gods of the thirty-three. And the great king Vessavaṇa, having heard and learned it in the presence of the Divinity as he was speaking on that topic, informed his own assembly.’”\nAnd the spirit Janavasabha, having heard and learned it in the presence of the great king Vessavaṇa as he was speaking on that topic to his own assembly, informed the Buddha.\nAnd the Buddha, having heard and learned it in the presence of the spirit Janavasabha, and also from his own direct knowledge, informed Venerable Ānanda. And Venerable Ānanda, having heard and learned it in the presence of the Buddha, informed the monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen.\nAnd that’s how this spiritual life has become successful and prosperous, extensive, popular, widespread, and fully revealed among gods and humans."}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/dn18/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}