{"id":"dn8","title":"The Lion’s Roar to the Naked Ascetic Kassapa","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"dn8","title":"The Lion’s Roar to the Naked Ascetic Kassapa","units":[{"id":"dn8:0","sourceIds":["dn8:0.1","dn8:0.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Dīgha Nikāya 8\nMahāsīhanādasutta","en":"Long Discourses 8\nThe Lion’s Roar to the Naked Ascetic Kassapa"}},{"id":"dn8:1","sourceIds":["dn8:1.1","dn8:1.2","dn8:1.3","dn8:1.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ me sutaṁ—\nekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā uruññāyaṁ viharati kaṇṇakatthale migadāye.\nAtha kho acelo kassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi.\nSammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṁ ṭhito kho acelo kassapo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:","en":"So I have heard.\nAt one time the Buddha was staying near Ujuññā in the deer park at Kaṇṇakatthala.\nThen the naked ascetic Kassapa went up to the Buddha and exchanged greetings with him.\nWhen the greetings and polite conversation were over, he stood to one side and said to the Buddha:"}},{"id":"dn8:2","sourceIds":["dn8:2.1","dn8:2.2","dn8:2.3","dn8:2.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“sutaṁ metaṁ, bho gotama:\n‘samaṇo gotamo sabbaṁ tapaṁ garahati, sabbaṁ tapassiṁ lūkhājīviṁ ekaṁsena upakkosati upavadatī’ti.\nYe te, bho gotama, evamāhaṁsu: ‘samaṇo gotamo sabbaṁ tapaṁ garahati, sabbaṁ tapassiṁ lūkhājīviṁ ekaṁsena upakkosati upavadatī’ti, kacci te bhoto gotamassa vuttavādino, na ca bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ abhūtena abbhācikkhanti, dhammassa cānudhammaṁ byākaronti, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṁ ṭhānaṁ āgacchati?\nAnabbhakkhātukāmā hi mayaṁ bhavantaṁ gotaman”ti.","en":"“Worthy Gotama, I have heard the following:\n‘The ascetic Gotama criticizes all fervent mortification. He categorically condemns and denounces all fervent mortifiers who live rough.’\nI trust those who say this repeat what the worthy Gotama has said, and do not misrepresent him with an untruth? Is their explanation in line with the teaching? Are there any legitimate grounds for rebuttal and criticism?\nFor we don’t want to misrepresent the worthy Gotama.”"}},{"id":"dn8:3","sourceIds":["dn8:3.1","dn8:3.2","dn8:3.3","dn8:3.4","dn8:3.5","dn8:3.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Ye te, kassapa, evamāhaṁsu: ‘samaṇo gotamo sabbaṁ tapaṁ garahati, sabbaṁ tapassiṁ lūkhājīviṁ ekaṁsena upakkosati upavadatī’ti, na me te vuttavādino, abbhācikkhanti ca pana maṁ te asatā abhūtena.\nIdhāhaṁ, kassapa, ekaccaṁ tapassiṁ lūkhājīviṁ passāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapannaṁ.\nIdha panāhaṁ, kassapa, ekaccaṁ tapassiṁ lūkhājīviṁ passāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapannaṁ.\nIdhāhaṁ, kassapa, ekaccaṁ tapassiṁ appadukkhavihāriṁ passāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapannaṁ.\nIdha panāhaṁ, kassapa, ekaccaṁ tapassiṁ appadukkhavihāriṁ passāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapannaṁ.\nYohaṁ, kassapa, imesaṁ tapassīnaṁ evaṁ āgatiñca gatiñca cutiñca upapattiñca yathābhūtaṁ pajānāmi, sohaṁ kiṁ sabbaṁ tapaṁ garahissāmi, sabbaṁ vā tapassiṁ lūkhājīviṁ ekaṁsena upakkosissāmi upavadissāmi?","en":"“Kassapa, those who say this do not repeat what I have said. They misrepresent me with what is false, baseless, and untrue.\nWith clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, I see some fervent mortifier who lives rough reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell.\nBut I see another fervent mortifier who lives rough reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.\nI see some fervent mortifier who takes it easy reborn in a place of loss.\nBut I see another fervent mortifier who takes it easy reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.\nSince I truly understand the coming and going, passing away and rebirth of these fervent mortifiers in this way, how could I criticize all forms of mortification, or categorically condemn and denounce those fervent mortifiers who live rough?"}},{"id":"dn8:4","sourceIds":["dn8:4.1","dn8:4.2","dn8:4.3","dn8:4.4","dn8:4.5","dn8:4.6","dn8:4.7","dn8:4.8","dn8:4.9","dn8:4.10"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Santi, kassapa, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā paṇḍitā nipuṇā kataparappavādā vālavedhirūpā. Te bhindantā maññe caranti paññāgatena diṭṭhigatāni.\nTehipi me saddhiṁ ekaccesu ṭhānesu sameti, ekaccesu ṭhānesu na sameti.\nYaṁ te ekaccaṁ vadanti ‘sādhū’ti, mayampi taṁ ekaccaṁ vadema ‘sādhū’ti.\nYaṁ te ekaccaṁ vadanti ‘na sādhū’ti, mayampi taṁ ekaccaṁ vadema ‘na sādhū’ti.\nYaṁ te ekaccaṁ vadanti ‘sādhū’ti, mayaṁ taṁ ekaccaṁ vadema ‘na sādhū’ti.\nYaṁ te ekaccaṁ vadanti ‘na sādhū’ti, mayaṁ taṁ ekaccaṁ vadema ‘sādhū’ti.\nYaṁ mayaṁ ekaccaṁ vadema ‘sādhū’ti, parepi taṁ ekaccaṁ vadanti ‘sādhū’ti.\nYaṁ mayaṁ ekaccaṁ vadema ‘na sādhū’ti, parepi taṁ ekaccaṁ vadanti ‘na sādhū’ti.\nYaṁ mayaṁ ekaccaṁ vadema ‘na sādhū’ti, pare taṁ ekaccaṁ vadanti ‘sādhū’ti.\nYaṁ mayaṁ ekaccaṁ vadema ‘sādhū’ti, pare taṁ ekaccaṁ vadanti ‘na sādhū’ti.","en":"There are some astute ascetics and brahmins who are subtle, accomplished in the doctrines of others, hair-splitters. You’d think they live to demolish convictions with their intellect.\nThey agree with me in some matters and disagree in others.\nSome of the things that they applaud, I also applaud.\nSome of the things that they don’t applaud, I also don’t applaud.\nBut some of the things that they applaud, I don’t applaud.\nAnd some of the things that they don’t applaud, I do applaud.\nSome of the things that I applaud, others also applaud.\nSome of the things that I don’t applaud, they also don’t applaud.\nBut some of the things that I don’t applaud, others do applaud.\nAnd some of the things that I do applaud, others don’t applaud."}},{"id":"dn8:5","sourceIds":["dn8:5.0","dn8:5.1","dn8:5.2","dn8:5.3","dn8:5.4","dn8:5.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"1. Samanuyuñjāpanakathā\nTyāhaṁ upasaṅkamitvā evaṁ vadāmi:\n‘yesu no, āvuso, ṭhānesu na sameti, tiṭṭhantu tāni ṭhānāni.\nYesu ṭhānesu sameti, tattha viññū samanuyuñjantaṁ samanugāhantaṁ samanubhāsantaṁ satthārā vā satthāraṁ saṅghena vā saṅghaṁ:\n“ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā, sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā, asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā, na alamariyā na alamariyasaṅkhātā, kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā.\nKo ime dhamme anavasesaṁ pahāya vattati, samaṇo vā gotamo, pare vā pana bhonto gaṇācariyā”ti?","en":"1. Examination\nI go up to them and say:\n‘Let us leave aside those matters on which we disagree.\nBut there are some matters on which we agree. Regarding these, sensible people, pursuing, pressing, and grilling, would compare teacher with teacher or community with community:\n“There are things that are unskillful, blameworthy, not to be cultivated, unworthy of the noble ones, and dark—and are reckoned as such.\nWho proceeds having totally given these things up: the ascetic Gotama, or the tutors of other communities?”’"}},{"id":"dn8:6","sourceIds":["dn8:6.1","dn8:6.2","dn8:6.3","dn8:6.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ, kassapa, vijjati, yaṁ viññū samanuyuñjantā samanugāhantā samanubhāsantā evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:\n‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā, sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā, asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā, na alamariyā na alamariyasaṅkhātā, kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā.\nSamaṇo gotamo ime dhamme anavasesaṁ pahāya vattati, yaṁ vā pana bhonto pare gaṇācariyā’ti.\nItiha, kassapa, viññū samanuyuñjantā samanugāhantā samanubhāsantā amheva tattha yebhuyyena pasaṁseyyuṁ.","en":"It’s possible that they might say:\n‘The ascetic Gotama proceeds having totally given those unskillful things up, compared with the tutors of other communities.’\nAnd that’s how, when sensible people pursue the matter, they will mostly praise us."}},{"id":"dn8:7","sourceIds":["dn8:7.1","dn8:7.2","dn8:7.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Aparampi no, kassapa, viññū samanuyuñjantaṁ samanugāhantaṁ samanubhāsantaṁ satthārā vā satthāraṁ saṅghena vā saṅghaṁ:\n‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā, anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā, sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā, alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā.\nKo ime dhamme anavasesaṁ samādāya vattati, samaṇo vā gotamo, pare vā pana bhonto gaṇācariyā’ti?","en":"In addition, sensible people, pursuing, pressing, and grilling, would compare teacher with teacher or community with community:\n‘There are things that are skillful, blameless, worth cultivating, worthy of the noble ones, and bright—and are reckoned as such.\nWho proceeds having totally undertaken these things: the ascetic Gotama, or the tutors of other communities?’"}},{"id":"dn8:8","sourceIds":["dn8:8.1","dn8:8.2","dn8:8.3","dn8:8.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ, kassapa, vijjati, yaṁ viññū samanuyuñjantā samanugāhantā samanubhāsantā evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:\n‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā, anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā, sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā, alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā.\nSamaṇo gotamo ime dhamme anavasesaṁ samādāya vattati, yaṁ vā pana bhonto pare gaṇācariyā’ti.\nItiha, kassapa, viññū samanuyuñjantā samanugāhantā samanubhāsantā amheva tattha yebhuyyena pasaṁseyyuṁ.","en":"It’s possible that they might say:\n‘The ascetic Gotama proceeds having totally undertaken these things, compared with the tutors of other communities.’\nAnd that’s how, when sensible people pursue the matter, they will mostly praise us."}},{"id":"dn8:9","sourceIds":["dn8:9.1","dn8:9.2","dn8:9.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Aparampi no, kassapa, viññū samanuyuñjantaṁ samanugāhantaṁ samanubhāsantaṁ satthārā vā satthāraṁ saṅghena vā saṅghaṁ:\n‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā, sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā, asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā, na alamariyā na alamariyasaṅkhātā, kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā.\nKo ime dhamme anavasesaṁ pahāya vattati, gotamasāvakasaṅgho vā, pare vā pana bhonto gaṇācariyasāvakasaṅghā’ti?","en":"In addition, sensible people, pursuing, pressing, and grilling, would compare teacher with teacher or community with community:\n‘There are things that are unskillful, blameworthy, not to be cultivated, unworthy of the noble ones, and dark—and are reckoned as such.\nWho proceeds having totally given these things up: the ascetic Gotama’s disciples, or the disciples of other tutors?’"}},{"id":"dn8:10","sourceIds":["dn8:10.1","dn8:10.2","dn8:10.3","dn8:10.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ, kassapa, vijjati, yaṁ viññū samanuyuñjantā samanugāhantā samanubhāsantā evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:\n‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā, sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā, asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā, na alamariyā na alamariyasaṅkhātā, kaṇhā kaṇhasaṅkhātā.\nGotamasāvakasaṅgho ime dhamme anavasesaṁ pahāya vattati, yaṁ vā pana bhonto pare gaṇācariyasāvakasaṅghā’ti.\nItiha, kassapa, viññū samanuyuñjantā samanugāhantā samanubhāsantā amheva tattha yebhuyyena pasaṁseyyuṁ.","en":"It’s possible that they might say:\n‘The ascetic Gotama’s disciples proceed having totally given those unskillful things up, compared with the disciples of other tutors.’\nAnd that’s how, when sensible people pursue the matter, they will mostly praise us."}},{"id":"dn8:11","sourceIds":["dn8:11.1","dn8:11.2","dn8:11.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Aparampi no, kassapa, viññū samanuyuñjantaṁ samanugāhantaṁ samanubhāsantaṁ satthārā vā satthāraṁ saṅghena vā saṅghaṁ.\n‘Ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā, anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā, sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā, alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā.\nKo ime dhamme anavasesaṁ samādāya vattati, gotamasāvakasaṅgho vā, pare vā pana bhonto gaṇācariyasāvakasaṅghā’ti?","en":"In addition, sensible people, pursuing, pressing, and grilling, would compare teacher with teacher or community with community:\n‘There are things that are skillful, blameless, worth cultivating, worthy of the noble ones, and bright—and are reckoned as such.\nWho proceeds having totally undertaken these things: the ascetic Gotama’s disciples, or the disciples of other tutors?’"}},{"id":"dn8:12","sourceIds":["dn8:12.1","dn8:12.2","dn8:12.3","dn8:12.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ, kassapa, vijjati, yaṁ viññū samanuyuñjantā samanugāhantā samanubhāsantā evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:\n‘ye imesaṁ bhavataṁ dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā, anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā, sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā, alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā, sukkā sukkasaṅkhātā.\nGotamasāvakasaṅgho ime dhamme anavasesaṁ samādāya vattati, yaṁ vā pana bhonto pare gaṇācariyasāvakasaṅghā’ti.\nItiha, kassapa, viññū samanuyuñjantā samanugāhantā samanubhāsantā amheva tattha yebhuyyena pasaṁseyyuṁ.","en":"It’s possible that they might say:\n‘The ascetic Gotama’s disciples proceed having totally undertaken those skillful things, compared with the disciples of other tutors.’\nAnd that’s how, when sensible people pursue the matter, they will mostly praise us."}},{"id":"dn8:13","sourceIds":["dn8:13.0","dn8:13.1","dn8:13.2","dn8:13.3","dn8:13.4","dn8:13.5","dn8:13.6","dn8:13.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"2. Ariyaaṭṭhaṅgikamagga\nAtthi, kassapa, maggo atthi paṭipadā, yathāpaṭipanno sāmaññeva ñassati sāmaṁ dakkhati:\n‘samaṇova gotamo kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī’ti.\nKatamo ca, kassapa, maggo, katamā ca paṭipadā, yathāpaṭipanno sāmaññeva ñassati sāmaṁ dakkhati:\n‘samaṇova gotamo kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī’ti?\nAyameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo.\nSeyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi.\nAyaṁ kho, kassapa, maggo, ayaṁ paṭipadā, yathāpaṭipanno sāmaññeva ñassati sāmaṁ dakkhati ‘samaṇova gotamo kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī’”ti.","en":"2. The Noble Eightfold Path\nThere is, Kassapa, a path, there is a practice, practicing in accordance with which you will know and see for yourself:\n‘Only the ascetic Gotama’s words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training.’\nAnd what is that path?\nIt is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:\nright view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.\nThis is the path, this is the practice, practicing in accordance with which you will know and see for yourself: ‘Only the ascetic Gotama’s words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training.’”"}},{"id":"dn8:14","sourceIds":["dn8:14.0","dn8:14.1","dn8:14.2","dn8:14.3","dn8:14.4","dn8:14.5","dn8:14.6","dn8:14.7","dn8:14.8","dn8:14.9","dn8:14.10","dn8:14.11","dn8:14.12","dn8:14.13","dn8:14.14","dn8:14.15","dn8:14.16","dn8:14.17","dn8:14.18","dn8:14.19","dn8:14.20","dn8:14.21","dn8:14.22","dn8:14.23"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"3. Tapopakkamakathā\nEvaṁ vutte, acelo kassapo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“imepi kho, āvuso gotama, tapopakkamā etesaṁ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṁ sāmaññasaṅkhātā ca brahmaññasaṅkhātā ca.\nAcelako hoti, muttācāro, hatthāpalekhano, naehibhaddantiko, natiṭṭhabhaddantiko, nābhihaṭaṁ, na uddissakataṁ, na nimantanaṁ sādiyati.\nSo na kumbhimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti, na kaḷopimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti, na eḷakamantaraṁ, na daṇḍamantaraṁ, na musalamantaraṁ, na dvinnaṁ bhuñjamānānaṁ, na gabbhiniyā, na pāyamānāya, na purisantaragatāya, na saṅkittīsu, na yattha sā upaṭṭhito hoti, na yattha makkhikā saṇḍasaṇḍacārinī, na macchaṁ, na maṁsaṁ, na suraṁ, na merayaṁ, na thusodakaṁ pivati.\nSo ekāgāriko vā hoti ekālopiko, dvāgāriko vā hoti dvālopiko … sattāgāriko vā hoti sattālopiko;\nekissāpi dattiyā yāpeti, dvīhipi dattīhi yāpeti … sattahipi dattīhi yāpeti;\nekāhikampi āhāraṁ āhāreti, dvīhikampi āhāraṁ āhāreti … sattāhikampi āhāraṁ āhāreti. Iti evarūpaṁ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.\nImepi kho, āvuso gotama, tapopakkamā etesaṁ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṁ sāmaññasaṅkhātā ca brahmaññasaṅkhātā ca.\nSākabhakkho vā hoti, sāmākabhakkho vā hoti, nīvārabhakkho vā hoti, daddulabhakkho vā hoti, haṭabhakkho vā hoti, kaṇabhakkho vā hoti, ācāmabhakkho vā hoti, piññākabhakkho vā hoti, tiṇabhakkho vā hoti, gomayabhakkho vā hoti, vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpeti pavattaphalabhojī.\nImepi kho, āvuso gotama, tapopakkamā etesaṁ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṁ sāmaññasaṅkhātā ca brahmaññasaṅkhātā ca.\nSāṇānipi dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti, chavadussānipi dhāreti, paṁsukūlānipi dhāreti, tirīṭānipi dhāreti, ajinampi dhāreti, ajinakkhipampi dhāreti, kusacīrampi dhāreti, vākacīrampi dhāreti, phalakacīrampi dhāreti, kesakambalampi dhāreti, vāḷakambalampi dhāreti, ulūkapakkhikampi dhāreti,\nkesamassulocakopi hoti kesamassulocanānuyogamanuyutto,\nubbhaṭṭhakopi hoti āsanapaṭikkhitto,\nukkuṭikopi hoti ukkuṭikappadhānamanuyutto,\nkaṇṭakāpassayikopi hoti kaṇṭakāpassaye seyyaṁ kappeti,\nphalakaseyyampi kappeti, thaṇḍilaseyyampi kappeti,\nekapassayikopi hoti\nrajojalladharo,\nabbhokāsikopi hoti\nyathāsanthatiko,\nvekaṭikopi hoti vikaṭabhojanānuyogamanuyutto,\napānakopi hoti apānakattamanuyutto,\nsāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharatī”ti.","en":"3. The Courses of Fervent Mortification\nWhen he had spoken, Kassapa said to the Buddha:\n“Reverend Gotama, those ascetics and brahmins consider these courses of fervent mortification to be what makes someone a true ascetic or brahmin.\nThey go naked, ignoring conventions. They lick their hands, and don’t come or wait when called. They don’t consent to food brought to them, or food prepared on their behalf, or an invitation for a meal.\nThey don’t receive anything from a pot or bowl; or from someone who keeps sheep, or who has a weapon or a shovel in their home; or where a couple is eating; or where there is a woman who is pregnant, breastfeeding, or who lives with a man; or where there’s a hound waiting or flies buzzing. They accept no fish or meat or beer or wine, and drink no fermented gruel.\nThey go to just one house for alms, taking just one mouthful, or two houses and two mouthfuls, up to seven houses and seven mouthfuls.\nThey feed on one saucer a day, two saucers a day, up to seven saucers a day.\nThey eat once a day, once every second day, up to once a week, and so on, even up to once a fortnight. They live committed to the practice of eating food at set intervals.\nThose ascetics and brahmins also consider these courses of fervent mortification to be what makes someone a true ascetic or brahmin.\nThey eat herbs, millet, wild rice, poor rice, water lettuce, rice bran, scum from boiling rice, sesame flour, grass, or cow dung. They survive on forest roots and fruits, or eating fallen fruit.\nThose ascetics and brahmins also consider these courses of fervent mortification to be what makes someone a true ascetic or brahmin.\nThey wear robes of sunn hemp, mixed hemp, corpse-wrapping cloth, rags, lodh tree bark, antelope hide (whole or in strips), kusa grass, bark, wood-chips, human hair, horse-tail hair, or owls’ wings.\nThey tear out hair and beard, committed to this practice.\nThey constantly stand, turning down seats.\nThey squat, committed to the endeavor of squatting.\nThey lie on a mat of thorns, making a mat of thorns their bed.\nThey make their bed on a plank, or the bare ground.\nThey lie only on one side.\nThey wear dust and dirt.\nThey stay in the open air.\nThey sleep wherever they lay their mat.\nThey eat unnatural things, committed to the practice of eating unnatural foods.\nThey don’t drink, committed to the practice of not drinking liquids.\nThey’re devoted to ritual bathing three times a day, including at dusk.”"}},{"id":"dn8:15","sourceIds":["dn8:15.0","dn8:15.1","dn8:15.2","dn8:15.3","dn8:15.4","dn8:15.5","dn8:15.6","dn8:15.7","dn8:15.8","dn8:15.9","dn8:15.10","dn8:15.11","dn8:15.12","dn8:15.13","dn8:15.14","dn8:15.15"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"4. Tapopakkamaniratthakathā\n“Acelako cepi, kassapa, hoti, muttācāro, hatthāpalekhano …pe… iti evarūpaṁ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.\nTassa cāyaṁ sīlasampadā cittasampadā paññāsampadā abhāvitā hoti asacchikatā. Atha kho so ārakāva sāmaññā ārakāva brahmaññā.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipi.\nSākabhakkho cepi, kassapa, hoti, sāmākabhakkho …pe… vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpeti pavattaphalabhojī.\nTassa cāyaṁ sīlasampadā cittasampadā paññāsampadā abhāvitā hoti asacchikatā.\nAtha kho so ārakāva sāmaññā ārakāva brahmaññā.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipi.\nSāṇāni cepi, kassapa, dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti …pe…\nsāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.\nTassa cāyaṁ sīlasampadā cittasampadā paññāsampadā abhāvitā hoti asacchikatā.\nAtha kho so ārakāva sāmaññā ārakāva brahmaññā.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipī”ti.","en":"4. The Uselessness of Fervent Mortification\n“Kassapa, someone may practice all those forms of mortification,\nbut if they haven’t developed and realized any accomplishment in ethics, mind, and wisdom, they are far from being a true ascetic or brahmin.\nBut take a mendicant who develops a heart of love, free of enmity and ill will. And they realize the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom, and live having realized it with their own insight in this very life due to the ending of defilements.\nWhen they achieve this, they’re a mendicant who is called a ‘true ascetic’ and also ‘a true brahmin’. …”"}},{"id":"dn8:16","sourceIds":["dn8:16.1","dn8:16.2","dn8:16.3","dn8:16.4","dn8:16.5","dn8:16.6","dn8:16.7","dn8:16.8","dn8:16.9","dn8:16.10","dn8:16.11","dn8:16.12","dn8:16.13","dn8:16.14","dn8:16.15","dn8:16.16","dn8:16.17","dn8:16.18","dn8:16.19","dn8:16.20","dn8:16.21","dn8:16.22","dn8:16.23","dn8:16.24","dn8:16.25","dn8:16.26","dn8:16.27","dn8:16.28","dn8:16.29","dn8:16.30"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ vutte, acelo kassapo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“dukkaraṁ, bho gotama, sāmaññaṁ dukkaraṁ brahmaññan”ti.\n“Pakati kho esā, kassapa, lokasmiṁ ‘dukkaraṁ sāmaññaṁ dukkaraṁ brahmaññan’ti.\nAcelako cepi, kassapa, hoti, muttācāro, hatthāpalekhano …pe… iti evarūpaṁ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.\nImāya ca, kassapa, mattāya iminā tapopakkamena sāmaññaṁ vā abhavissa brahmaññaṁ vā dukkaraṁ sudukkaraṁ, netaṁ abhavissa kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dukkaraṁ sāmaññaṁ dukkaraṁ brahmaññan’ti.\nSakkā ca panetaṁ abhavissa kātuṁ gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā antamaso kumbhadāsiyāpi:\n‘handāhaṁ acelako homi, muttācāro, hatthāpalekhano …pe… iti evarūpaṁ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharāmī’ti.\nYasmā ca kho, kassapa, aññatreva imāya mattāya aññatra iminā tapopakkamena sāmaññaṁ vā hoti brahmaññaṁ vā dukkaraṁ sudukkaraṁ, tasmā etaṁ kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dukkaraṁ sāmaññaṁ dukkaraṁ brahmaññan’ti.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipi.\nSākabhakkho cepi, kassapa, hoti, sāmākabhakkho …pe… vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpeti pavattaphalabhojī.\nImāya ca, kassapa, mattāya iminā tapopakkamena sāmaññaṁ vā abhavissa brahmaññaṁ vā dukkaraṁ sudukkaraṁ, netaṁ abhavissa kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dukkaraṁ sāmaññaṁ dukkaraṁ brahmaññan’ti.\nSakkā ca panetaṁ abhavissa kātuṁ gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā antamaso kumbhadāsiyāpi:\n‘handāhaṁ sākabhakkho vā homi, sāmākabhakkho vā …pe… vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpemi pavattaphalabhojī’ti.\nYasmā ca kho, kassapa, aññatreva imāya mattāya aññatra iminā tapopakkamena sāmaññaṁ vā hoti brahmaññaṁ vā dukkaraṁ sudukkaraṁ, tasmā etaṁ kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dukkaraṁ sāmaññaṁ dukkaraṁ brahmaññan’ti.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipi.\nSāṇāni cepi, kassapa, dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti …pe… sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.\nImāya ca, kassapa, mattāya iminā tapopakkamena sāmaññaṁ vā abhavissa brahmaññaṁ vā dukkaraṁ sudukkaraṁ, netaṁ abhavissa kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dukkaraṁ sāmaññaṁ dukkaraṁ brahmaññan’ti.\nSakkā ca panetaṁ abhavissa kātuṁ gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā antamaso kumbhadāsiyāpi:\n‘handāhaṁ sāṇānipi dhāremi, masāṇānipi dhāremi …pe… sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharāmī’ti.\nYasmā ca kho, kassapa, aññatreva imāya mattāya aññatra iminā tapopakkamena sāmaññaṁ vā hoti brahmaññaṁ vā dukkaraṁ sudukkaraṁ, tasmā etaṁ kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dukkaraṁ sāmaññaṁ dukkaraṁ brahmaññan’ti.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipī”ti.","en":"When he had spoken, Kassapa said to the Buddha,\n“It’s hard, worthy Gotama, to be a true ascetic or a true brahmin.”\n“It’s typical, Kassapa, in this world to think that it’s hard to be a true ascetic or brahmin.\nBut someone might practice all those forms of mortification.\nAnd if it was only because of just that much, only because of that course of fervent mortification that it was so very hard to be a true ascetic or brahmin, it wouldn’t be appropriate to say that\nit’s hard to be a true ascetic or brahmin.\nFor it would be quite possible for a householder or a householder’s child—or even the bonded maid who carries the water-jar—\nto practice all those forms of mortification.\nIt’s because there’s something other than just that much, something other than that course of fervent mortification that it’s so very hard to be a true ascetic or brahmin. And that’s why it is appropriate to say that\nit’s hard to be a true ascetic or brahmin.\nTake a mendicant who develops a heart of love, free of enmity and ill will. And they realize the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom, and live having realized it with their own insight in this very life due to the ending of defilements.\nWhen they achieve this, they’re a mendicant who is called a ‘true ascetic’ and also ‘a true brahmin’. …”"}},{"id":"dn8:17","sourceIds":["dn8:17.1","dn8:17.2","dn8:17.3","dn8:17.4","dn8:17.5","dn8:17.6","dn8:17.7","dn8:17.8","dn8:17.9","dn8:17.10","dn8:17.11","dn8:17.12","dn8:17.13","dn8:17.14","dn8:17.15","dn8:17.16","dn8:17.17","dn8:17.18","dn8:17.19","dn8:17.20","dn8:17.21","dn8:17.22","dn8:17.23","dn8:17.24","dn8:17.25","dn8:17.26","dn8:17.27","dn8:17.28","dn8:17.29","dn8:17.30"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ vutte, acelo kassapo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“dujjāno, bho gotama, samaṇo, dujjāno brāhmaṇo”ti.\n“Pakati kho esā, kassapa, lokasmiṁ ‘dujjāno samaṇo dujjāno brāhmaṇo’ti.\nAcelako cepi, kassapa, hoti, muttācāro, hatthāpalekhano …pe… iti evarūpaṁ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.\nImāya ca, kassapa, mattāya iminā tapopakkamena samaṇo vā abhavissa brāhmaṇo vā dujjāno sudujjāno, netaṁ abhavissa kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dujjāno samaṇo dujjāno brāhmaṇo’ti.\nSakkā ca paneso abhavissa ñātuṁ gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā antamaso kumbhadāsiyāpi:\n‘ayaṁ acelako hoti, muttācāro, hatthāpalekhano …pe… iti evarūpaṁ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharatī’ti.\nYasmā ca kho, kassapa, aññatreva imāya mattāya aññatra iminā tapopakkamena samaṇo vā hoti brāhmaṇo vā dujjāno sudujjāno, tasmā etaṁ kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dujjāno samaṇo dujjāno brāhmaṇo’ti.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipi.\nSākabhakkho cepi, kassapa, hoti sāmākabhakkho …pe… vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpeti pavattaphalabhojī.\nImāya ca, kassapa, mattāya iminā tapopakkamena samaṇo vā abhavissa brāhmaṇo vā dujjāno sudujjāno, netaṁ abhavissa kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dujjāno samaṇo dujjāno brāhmaṇo’ti.\nSakkā ca paneso abhavissa ñātuṁ gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā antamaso kumbhadāsiyāpi:\n‘ayaṁ sākabhakkho vā hoti sāmākabhakkho …pe… vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpeti pavattaphalabhojī’ti.\nYasmā ca kho, kassapa, aññatreva imāya mattāya aññatra iminā tapopakkamena samaṇo vā hoti brāhmaṇo vā dujjāno sudujjāno, tasmā etaṁ kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dujjāno samaṇo dujjāno brāhmaṇo’ti.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipi.\nSāṇāni cepi, kassapa, dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti …pe… sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati.\nImāya ca, kassapa, mattāya iminā tapopakkamena samaṇo vā abhavissa brāhmaṇo vā dujjāno sudujjāno, netaṁ abhavissa kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dujjāno samaṇo dujjāno brāhmaṇo’ti.\nSakkā ca paneso abhavissa ñātuṁ gahapatinā vā gahapatiputtena vā antamaso kumbhadāsiyāpi:\n‘ayaṁ sāṇānipi dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti …pe… sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharatī’ti.\nYasmā ca kho, kassapa, aññatreva imāya mattāya aññatra iminā tapopakkamena samaṇo vā hoti brāhmaṇo vā dujjāno sudujjāno, tasmā etaṁ kallaṁ vacanāya:\n‘dujjāno samaṇo dujjāno brāhmaṇo’ti.\nYato kho, kassapa, bhikkhu averaṁ abyāpajjaṁ mettacittaṁ bhāveti, āsavānañca khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.\nAyaṁ vuccati, kassapa, bhikkhu samaṇo itipi brāhmaṇo itipī”ti.","en":"When he had spoken, Kassapa said to the Buddha,\n“It’s hard, worthy Gotama, to know a true ascetic or a true brahmin.”\n“It’s typical in this world to think that it’s hard to know a true ascetic or brahmin.\nBut someone might practice all those forms of mortification.\nAnd if it was only by just that much, only by that  course of fervent mortification that it was so very hard to know a true ascetic or brahmin, it wouldn’t be appropriate to say that\nit’s hard to know a true ascetic or brahmin.\nFor it would be quite possible for a householder or a householder’s child—or even the bonded maid who carries the water-jar—\nto know that someone is practicing all those forms of mortification.\nIt’s because there’s something other than just that much, something other than that course of fervent mortification that it’s so very hard to know a true ascetic or brahmin. And that’s why it is appropriate to say that\nit’s hard to know a true ascetic or brahmin.\nTake a mendicant who develops a heart of love, free of enmity and ill will. And they realize the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom, and live having realized it with their own insight in this very life due to the ending of defilements.\nWhen they achieve this, they’re a mendicant who is called a ‘true ascetic’ and also ‘a true brahmin’.”"}},{"id":"dn8:18","sourceIds":["dn8:18.0","dn8:18.1","dn8:18.2","dn8:18.3","dn8:18.4","dn8:18.5","dn8:18.6","dn8:18.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"5. Sīlasamādhipaññāsampadā\nEvaṁ vutte, acelo kassapo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“katamā pana sā, bho gotama, sīlasampadā, katamā cittasampadā, katamā paññāsampadā”ti?\n“Idha, kassapa, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṁ, sammāsambuddho …pe…\nbhayadassāvī samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, kāyakammavacīkammena samannāgato kusalena parisuddhājīvo sīlasampanno indriyesu guttadvāro satisampajaññena samannāgato santuṭṭho.\nKathañca, kassapa, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti?\nIdha, kassapa, bhikkhu pāṇātipātaṁ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati.\nIdampissa hoti sīlasampadāya …pe…","en":"5. The Accomplishment of Ethics, Mind, and Wisdom\nWhen he had spoken, Kassapa said to the Buddha,\n“But worthy Gotama, what is that accomplishment in ethics, in mind, and in wisdom?”\n“It’s when a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha …\nSeeing danger in the slightest fault, a mendicant keeps the rules they’ve undertaken. They act skillfully by body and speech. They’re purified in livelihood and accomplished in ethical conduct. They guard the sense doors, have mindfulness and situational awareness, and are content.\nAnd how is a mendicant accomplished in ethics?\nIt’s when a mendicant gives up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of sympathy for all living beings.\nThis pertains to their accomplishment in ethics. …"}},{"id":"dn8:19","sourceIds":["dn8:19.1","dn8:19.2","dn8:19.3","dn8:19.4","dn8:19.5","dn8:19.6","dn8:19.7","dn8:19.8","dn8:19.9","dn8:19.10","dn8:19.11","dn8:19.12","dn8:19.13","dn8:19.14","dn8:19.15","dn8:19.16","dn8:19.17"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṁ kappenti.\nSeyyathidaṁ—santikammaṁ paṇidhikammaṁ …pe… osadhīnaṁ patimokkho\niti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti.\nIdampissa hoti sīlasampadāya.\nSa kho so, kassapa, bhikkhu evaṁ sīlasampanno na kutoci bhayaṁ samanupassati, yadidaṁ sīlasaṁvarato.\nSeyyathāpi, kassapa, rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto nihatapaccāmitto na kutoci bhayaṁ samanupassati, yadidaṁ paccatthikato;\nevameva kho, kassapa, bhikkhu evaṁ sīlasampanno na kutoci bhayaṁ samanupassati, yadidaṁ sīlasaṁvarato.\nSo iminā ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato ajjhattaṁ anavajjasukhaṁ paṭisaṁvedeti.\nEvaṁ kho, kassapa, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti.\nAyaṁ kho, kassapa, sīlasampadā …pe…\npaṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nIdampissa hoti cittasampadāya …pe…\ndutiyaṁ jhānaṁ …\ntatiyaṁ jhānaṁ …\ncatutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nIdampissa hoti cittasampadāya.\nAyaṁ kho, kassapa, cittasampadā.","en":"There are some ascetics and brahmins who, while enjoying food given in faith, still earn a living by low lore, by wrong livelihood. …\nThey refrain from such low lore, such wrong livelihood.\nThis pertains to their accomplishment in ethics.\nA mendicant thus accomplished in ethics sees no danger in any quarter in regards to their ethical restraint.\nIt’s like a king who has defeated his enemies. He sees no danger from his foes in any quarter.\nIn the same way, a mendicant thus accomplished in ethics sees no danger in any quarter in regards to their ethical restraint.\nWhen they have this spectrum of noble ethics, they experience a blameless happiness inside themselves.\nThat’s how a mendicant is accomplished in ethics.\nThis, Kassapa, is that accomplishment in ethics. …\nThey enter and remain in the first absorption …\nThis pertains to their accomplishment in mind. …\nThey enter and remain in the second absorption …\nthird absorption …\nfourth absorption.\nThis pertains to their accomplishment in mind.\nThis, Kassapa, is that accomplishment in mind."}},{"id":"dn8:20","sourceIds":["dn8:20.1","dn8:20.2","dn8:20.3","dn8:20.4","dn8:20.5","dn8:20.6","dn8:20.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte …pe…\nñāṇadassanāya cittaṁ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti …\nidampissa hoti paññāsampadāya …pe…\nnāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānāti.\nIdampissa hoti paññāsampadāya.\nAyaṁ kho, kassapa, paññāsampadā.\nImāya ca, kassapa, sīlasampadāya cittasampadāya paññāsampadāya aññā sīlasampadā cittasampadā paññāsampadā uttaritarā vā paṇītatarā vā natthi.","en":"When their mind is immersed like this,\nthey project it and extend it toward knowledge and vision …\nThis pertains to their accomplishment in wisdom. …\nThey understand: ‘… there is nothing further for this place.’\nThis pertains to their accomplishment in wisdom.\nThis, Kassapa, is that accomplishment in wisdom.\nAnd, Kassapa, there is no accomplishment in ethics, mind, and wisdom that is better or finer than this."}},{"id":"dn8:21","sourceIds":["dn8:21.0","dn8:21.1","dn8:21.2","dn8:21.3","dn8:21.4","dn8:21.5","dn8:21.6","dn8:21.7","dn8:21.8","dn8:21.9","dn8:21.10","dn8:21.11","dn8:21.12","dn8:21.13","dn8:21.14","dn8:21.15","dn8:21.16"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"6. Sīhanādakathā\nSanti, kassapa, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sīlavādā.\nTe anekapariyāyena sīlassa vaṇṇaṁ bhāsanti.\nYāvatā, kassapa, ariyaṁ paramaṁ sīlaṁ, nāhaṁ tattha attano samasamaṁ samanupassāmi, kuto bhiyyo.\nAtha kho ahameva tattha bhiyyo, yadidaṁ adhisīlaṁ.\nSanti, kassapa, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā tapojigucchāvādā.\nTe anekapariyāyena tapojigucchāya vaṇṇaṁ bhāsanti.\nYāvatā, kassapa, ariyā paramā tapojigucchā, nāhaṁ tattha attano samasamaṁ samanupassāmi, kuto bhiyyo.\nAtha kho ahameva tattha bhiyyo, yadidaṁ adhijegucchaṁ.\nSanti, kassapa, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā paññāvādā.\nTe anekapariyāyena paññāya vaṇṇaṁ bhāsanti.\nYāvatā, kassapa, ariyā paramā paññā, nāhaṁ tattha attano samasamaṁ samanupassāmi, kuto bhiyyo.\nAtha kho ahameva tattha bhiyyo, yadidaṁ adhipaññaṁ.\nSanti, kassapa, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā vimuttivādā.\nTe anekapariyāyena vimuttiyā vaṇṇaṁ bhāsanti.\nYāvatā, kassapa, ariyā paramā vimutti, nāhaṁ tattha attano samasamaṁ samanupassāmi, kuto bhiyyo.\nAtha kho ahameva tattha bhiyyo, yadidaṁ adhivimutti.","en":"6. The Lion’s Roar\nThere are, Kassapa, some ascetics and brahmins who teach ethics.\nThey praise ethical conduct in many ways.\nBut as far as the highest noble ethics goes, I don’t see anyone who’s my equal, still less my superior.\nRather, I am the one who is superior when it comes to the higher ethics.\nThere are, Kassapa, some ascetics and brahmins who teach mortification in disgust of sin.\nThey praise fervent mortification in disgust of sin in many ways.\nBut as far as the highest noble fervent mortification in disgust of sin goes, I don’t see anyone who’s my equal, still less my superior.\nRather, I am the one who is superior when it comes to the higher disgust of sin.\nThere are, Kassapa, some ascetics and brahmins who teach wisdom.\nThey praise wisdom in many ways.\nBut as far as the highest noble wisdom goes, I don’t see anyone who’s my equal, still less my superior.\nRather, I am the one who is superior when it comes to the higher wisdom.\nThere are, Kassapa, some ascetics and brahmins who teach freedom.\nThey praise freedom in many ways.\nBut as far as the highest noble freedom goes, I don’t see anyone who’s my equal, still less my superior.\nRather, I am the one who is superior when it comes to the higher freedom."}},{"id":"dn8:22","sourceIds":["dn8:22.1","dn8:22.2","dn8:22.3","dn8:22.4","dn8:22.5","dn8:22.6","dn8:22.7","dn8:22.8","dn8:22.9","dn8:22.10","dn8:22.11","dn8:22.12","dn8:22.13","dn8:22.14","dn8:22.15","dn8:22.16","dn8:22.17","dn8:22.18","dn8:22.19"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ṭhānaṁ kho panetaṁ, kassapa, vijjati, yaṁ aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:\n‘sīhanādaṁ kho samaṇo gotamo nadati, tañca kho suññāgāre nadati, no parisāsū’ti.\nTe: ‘mā hevan’tissu vacanīyā.\n‘Sīhanādañca samaṇo gotamo nadati, parisāsu ca nadatī’ti evamassu, kassapa, vacanīyā.\nṬhānaṁ kho panetaṁ, kassapa, vijjati, yaṁ aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:\n‘sīhanādañca samaṇo gotamo nadati, parisāsu ca nadati, no ca kho visārado nadatī’ti.\nTe: ‘mā hevan’tissu vacanīyā.\n‘Sīhanādañca samaṇo gotamo nadati, parisāsu ca nadati, visārado ca nadatī’ti evamassu, kassapa, vacanīyā.\nṬhānaṁ kho panetaṁ, kassapa, vijjati, yaṁ aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṁ vadeyyuṁ:\n‘sīhanādañca samaṇo gotamo nadati, parisāsu ca nadati, visārado ca nadati, no ca kho naṁ pañhaṁ pucchanti …pe…\npañhañca naṁ pucchanti; no ca kho nesaṁ pañhaṁ puṭṭho byākaroti …pe…\npañhañca nesaṁ puṭṭho byākaroti; no ca kho pañhassa veyyākaraṇena cittaṁ ārādheti …pe…\npañhassa ca veyyākaraṇena cittaṁ ārādheti; no ca kho sotabbaṁ maññanti …pe…\nsotabbañcassa maññanti; no ca kho sutvā pasīdanti …pe…\nsutvā cassa pasīdanti; no ca kho pasannākāraṁ karonti …pe…\npasannākārañca karonti; no ca kho tathattāya paṭipajjanti …pe…\ntathattāya ca paṭipajjanti; no ca kho paṭipannā ārādhentī’ti.\nTe: ‘mā hevan’tissu vacanīyā.\n‘Sīhanādañca samaṇo gotamo nadati, parisāsu ca nadati, visārado ca nadati, pañhañca naṁ pucchanti, pañhañca nesaṁ puṭṭho byākaroti, pañhassa ca veyyākaraṇena cittaṁ ārādheti, sotabbañcassa maññanti, sutvā cassa pasīdanti, pasannākārañca karonti, tathattāya ca paṭipajjanti, paṭipannā ca ārādhentī’ti evamassu, kassapa, vacanīyā.","en":"It’s possible that wanderers of other religions might say:\n‘The ascetic Gotama only roars his lion’s roar in an empty hut, not in an assembly.’\nThey should be told, ‘Not so!’\nWhat should be said is this: ‘The ascetic Gotama roars his lion’s roar, and he roars it in the assemblies.’\nIt’s possible that wanderers of other religions might say:\n‘The ascetic Gotama roars his lion’s roar, and he roars it in the assemblies. But he doesn’t roar it boldly.’\nThey should be told, ‘Not so!’\nWhat should be said is this: ‘The ascetic Gotama roars his lion’s roar, he roars it in the assemblies, and he roars it boldly.’\nIt’s possible that wanderers of other religions might say:\n‘The ascetic Gotama roars his lion’s roar, he roars it in the assemblies, and he roars it boldly. But they don’t question him. …\nOr he doesn’t answer their questions. …\nOr his answers are not satisfactory. …\nOr they don’t think him worth listening to. …\nOr they’re not confident after listening. …\nOr they don’t demonstrate their confidence. …\nOr they don’t practice accordingly. …\nOr they don’t succeed in their practice.’\nThey should be told, ‘Not so!’\nWhat should be said is this: ‘The ascetic Gotama roars his lion’s roar; he roars it in the assemblies; he roars it boldly; they question him; he answers their questions; his answers are satisfactory; they think him worth listening to; they’re confident after listening; they demonstrate their confidence; they practice accordingly; and they succeed in their practice.’"}},{"id":"dn8:23","sourceIds":["dn8:23.0","dn8:23.1","dn8:23.2","dn8:23.3","dn8:23.4","dn8:23.5","dn8:23.6","dn8:23.7","dn8:23.8","dn8:23.9","dn8:23.10"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"7. Titthiyaparivāsakathā\nEkamidāhaṁ, kassapa, samayaṁ rājagahe viharāmi gijjhakūṭe pabbate.\nTatra maṁ aññataro tapabrahmacārī nigrodho nāma adhijegucche pañhaṁ apucchi.\nTassāhaṁ adhijegucche pañhaṁ puṭṭho byākāsiṁ.\nByākate ca pana me attamano ahosi paraṁ viya mattāyā”ti.\n“Ko hi, bhante, bhagavato dhammaṁ sutvā na attamano assa paraṁ viya mattāya?\nAhampi hi, bhante, bhagavato dhammaṁ sutvā attamano paraṁ viya mattāya.\nAbhikkantaṁ, bhante, abhikkantaṁ, bhante.\nSeyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṁ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya: ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṁ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito.\nEsāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavantaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi, dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca.\nLabheyyāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṁ, labheyyaṁ upasampadan”ti.","en":"7. The Probation For One Previously Ordained\nKassapa, this one time I was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain.\nThere a certain fervent celibate named Nigrodha asked me about the higher disgust of sin.\nI answered his question.\nHe was extremely happy with my answer.”\n“Sir, who wouldn’t be extremely happy after hearing the Buddha’s teaching?\nFor I too am extremely happy after hearing the Buddha’s teaching!\nExcellent, sir! Excellent!\nAs if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with clear eyes can see what’s there, so too the Buddha has made the teaching clear in many ways.\nI go for refuge to the Buddha, to the teaching, and to the mendicant Saṅgha.\nSir, may I receive the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence?”"}},{"id":"dn8:24","sourceIds":["dn8:24.1","dn8:24.2","dn8:24.3","dn8:24.4","dn8:24.5","dn8:24.6","dn8:24.7","dn8:24.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Yo kho, kassapa, aññatitthiyapubbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye ākaṅkhati pabbajjaṁ, ākaṅkhati upasampadaṁ, so cattāro māse parivasati, catunnaṁ māsānaṁ accayena āraddhacittā bhikkhū pabbājenti, upasampādenti bhikkhubhāvāya.\nApi ca mettha puggalavemattatā viditā”ti.\n“Sace, bhante, aññatitthiyapubbā imasmiṁ dhammavinaye ākaṅkhanti pabbajjaṁ, ākaṅkhanti upasampadaṁ, cattāro māse parivasanti, catunnaṁ māsānaṁ accayena āraddhacittā bhikkhū pabbājenti, upasampādenti bhikkhubhāvāya. Ahaṁ cattāri vassāni parivasissāmi, catunnaṁ vassānaṁ accayena āraddhacittā bhikkhū pabbājentu, upasampādentu bhikkhubhāvāyā”ti.\nAlattha kho acelo kassapo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṁ, alattha upasampadaṁ.\nAcirūpasampanno kho panāyasmā kassapo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto na cirasseva—yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṁ—brahmacariyapariyosānaṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi.\n“Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyā”ti abbhaññāsi.\nAññataro kho panāyasmā kassapo arahataṁ ahosīti.\nMahāsīhanādasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ aṭṭhamaṁ.","en":"“Kassapa, if someone formerly ordained in another sect wishes to take the going forth, the ordination in this teaching and training, they must spend four months on probation. When four months have passed, if the mendicants are satisfied, they’ll give the going forth, the ordination into monkhood.\nHowever, I have recognized individual differences in this matter.”\n“Sir, if four months probation are required in such a case, I’ll spend four years on probation. When four years have passed, if the mendicants are satisfied, let them give me the going forth, the ordination into monkhood.”\nAnd the naked ascetic Kassapa received the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence.\nNot long after his ordination, Venerable Kassapa, living alone, withdrawn, diligent, keen, and resolute, soon realized the supreme culmination of the spiritual path in this very life. He lived having achieved with his own insight the goal for which gentlemen rightly go forth from the lay life to homelessness.\nHe understood: “Rebirth is ended; the spiritual journey has been completed; what had to be done has been done; there is nothing further for this place.”\nAnd Venerable Kassapa became one of the perfected."}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/dn8/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}