{"id":"mn19","title":"Two Kinds of Thought","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"mn19","title":"Two Kinds of Thought","units":[{"id":"mn19:0","sourceIds":["mn19:0.1","mn19:0.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Majjhima Nikāya 19\nDvedhāvitakkasutta","en":"Middle Discourses 19\nTwo Kinds of Thought"}},{"id":"mn19:1","sourceIds":["mn19:1.1","mn19:1.2","mn19:1.3","mn19:1.4","mn19:1.5","mn19:1.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ me sutaṁ—\nekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.\nTatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:\n“bhikkhavo”ti.\n“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.\nBhagavā etadavoca:","en":"So I have heard.\nAt one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.\nThere the Buddha addressed the mendicants,\n“Mendicants!”\n“Venerable sir,” they replied.\nThe Buddha said this:"}},{"id":"mn19:2","sourceIds":["mn19:2.1","mn19:2.2","mn19:2.3","mn19:2.4","mn19:2.5","mn19:2.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Pubbeva me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ dvidhā katvā dvidhā katvā vitakke vihareyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, yo cāyaṁ kāmavitakko yo ca byāpādavitakko yo ca vihiṁsāvitakko—\nimaṁ ekaṁ bhāgamakāsiṁ;\nyo cāyaṁ nekkhammavitakko yo ca abyāpādavitakko yo ca avihiṁsāvitakko—\nimaṁ dutiyaṁ bhāgamakāsiṁ.","en":"“Mendicants, before my awakening—when I was still unawakened but intent on awakening—I thought:\n‘Why don’t I meditate by continually dividing my thoughts into two classes?’\nSo I assigned sensual, malicious, and cruel thoughts\nto one class.\nAnd I assigned thoughts of renunciation, good will, and harmlessness\nto the second class."}},{"id":"mn19:3","sourceIds":["mn19:3.1","mn19:3.2","mn19:3.3","mn19:3.4","mn19:3.5","mn19:3.6","mn19:3.7","mn19:3.8","mn19:3.9"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, bhikkhave, evaṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati kāmavitakko.\nSo evaṁ pajānāmi:\n‘uppanno kho me ayaṁ kāmavitakko.\nSo ca kho attabyābādhāyapi saṁvattati, parabyābādhāyapi saṁvattati, ubhayabyābādhāyapi saṁvattati, paññānirodhiko vighātapakkhiko anibbānasaṁvattaniko’.\n‘Attabyābādhāya saṁvattatī’tipi me, bhikkhave, paṭisañcikkhato abbhatthaṁ gacchati;\n‘parabyābādhāya saṁvattatī’tipi me, bhikkhave, paṭisañcikkhato abbhatthaṁ gacchati;\n‘ubhayabyābādhāya saṁvattatī’tipi me, bhikkhave, paṭisañcikkhato abbhatthaṁ gacchati;\n‘paññānirodhiko vighātapakkhiko anibbānasaṁvattaniko’tipi me, bhikkhave, paṭisañcikkhato abbhatthaṁ gacchati.\nSo kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, uppannuppannaṁ kāmavitakkaṁ pajahameva vinodameva byantameva naṁ akāsiṁ.","en":"Then, as I meditated—diligent, keen, and resolute—a sensual thought arose.\nI understood:\n‘This sensual thought has arisen in me.\nIt leads to hurting myself, hurting others, and hurting both. It blocks wisdom, it’s on the side of distress, and it doesn’t lead to extinguishment.’\nWhen I reflected that it leads to hurting myself, it went away.\nWhen I reflected that it leads to hurting others, it went away.\nWhen I reflected that it leads to hurting both, it went away.\nWhen I reflected that it blocks wisdom, it’s on the side of distress, and it doesn’t lead to extinguishment, it went away.\nSo I gave up, dispelled, and eliminated any sensual thoughts that arose."}},{"id":"mn19:4-5","sourceIds":["mn19:4-5.1","mn19:4-5.2","mn19:4-5.3","mn19:4-5.4","mn19:4-5.5","mn19:4-5.6","mn19:4-5.7","mn19:4-5.8","mn19:4-5.9","mn19:4-5.10"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, bhikkhave, evaṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati byāpādavitakko …pe…\nuppajjati vihiṁsāvitakko.\nSo evaṁ pajānāmi:\n‘uppanno kho me ayaṁ vihiṁsāvitakko.\nSo ca kho attabyābādhāyapi saṁvattati, parabyābādhāyapi saṁvattati, ubhayabyābādhāyapi saṁvattati, paññānirodhiko vighātapakkhiko anibbānasaṁvattaniko’.\n‘Attabyābādhāya saṁvattatī’tipi me, bhikkhave, paṭisañcikkhato abbhatthaṁ gacchati;\n‘parabyābādhāya saṁvattatī’tipi me, bhikkhave, paṭisañcikkhato abbhatthaṁ gacchati;\n‘ubhayabyābādhāya saṁvattatī’tipi me, bhikkhave, paṭisañcikkhato abbhatthaṁ gacchati;\n‘paññānirodhiko vighātapakkhiko anibbānasaṁvattaniko’tipi me, bhikkhave, paṭisañcikkhato abbhatthaṁ gacchati.\nSo kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, uppannuppannaṁ vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ pajahameva vinodameva byantameva naṁ akāsiṁ.","en":"Then, as I meditated—diligent, keen, and resolute—a malicious thought arose …\na cruel thought arose.\nI understood:\n‘This cruel thought has arisen in me.\nIt leads to hurting myself, hurting others, and hurting both. It blocks wisdom, it’s on the side of distress, and it doesn’t lead to extinguishment.’\nWhen I reflected that it leads to hurting myself …\nhurting others …\nhurting both, it went away.\nWhen I reflected that it blocks wisdom, it’s on the side of distress, and it doesn’t lead to extinguishment, it went away.\nSo I gave up, dispelled, and eliminated any cruel thoughts that arose."}},{"id":"mn19:6","sourceIds":["mn19:6.1","mn19:6.2","mn19:6.3","mn19:6.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Yaññadeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahulamanuvitakketi anuvicāreti, tathā tathā nati hoti cetaso.\nKāmavitakkañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahulamanuvitakketi anuvicāreti, pahāsi nekkhammavitakkaṁ, kāmavitakkaṁ bahulamakāsi, tassa taṁ kāmavitakkāya cittaṁ namati.\nByāpādavitakkañce, bhikkhave …pe…\nvihiṁsāvitakkañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahulamanuvitakketi anuvicāreti, pahāsi avihiṁsāvitakkaṁ, vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ bahulamakāsi, tassa taṁ vihiṁsāvitakkāya cittaṁ namati.","en":"Whatever a mendicant frequently thinks about and considers becomes their heart’s inclination.\nIf they often think about and consider sensual thoughts, they’ve given up the thought of renunciation to cultivate sensual thought. Their mind inclines to sensual thoughts.\nIf they often think about and consider malicious thoughts … their mind inclines to malicious thoughts.\nIf they often think about and consider cruel thoughts … their mind inclines to cruel thoughts."}},{"id":"mn19:7","sourceIds":["mn19:7.1","mn19:7.2","mn19:7.3","mn19:7.4","mn19:7.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, vassānaṁ pacchime māse saradasamaye kiṭṭhasambādhe gopālako gāvo rakkheyya.\nSo tā gāvo tato tato daṇḍena ākoṭeyya paṭikoṭeyya sannirundheyya sannivāreyya.\nTaṁ kissa hetu?\nPassati hi so, bhikkhave, gopālako tatonidānaṁ vadhaṁ vā bandhanaṁ vā jāniṁ vā garahaṁ vā.\nEvameva kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, addasaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ ādīnavaṁ okāraṁ saṅkilesaṁ, kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ nekkhamme ānisaṁsaṁ vodānapakkhaṁ.","en":"Suppose it’s the last month of the rainy season, in autumn, when the crops grow closely together, and a cowherd must take care of the cattle.\nHe’d tap and poke them with his staff on this side and that to keep them in check.\nWhy is that?\nFor he sees that if they wander into the crops he could be executed, imprisoned, fined, or condemned.\nIn the same way, I saw that unskillful qualities have the drawbacks of sordidness and corruption, and that skillful qualities have the benefit and cleansing power of renunciation."}},{"id":"mn19:8","sourceIds":["mn19:8.1","mn19:8.2","mn19:8.3","mn19:8.4","mn19:8.5","mn19:8.6","mn19:8.7","mn19:8.8","mn19:8.9","mn19:8.10","mn19:8.11","mn19:8.12","mn19:8.13"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, bhikkhave, evaṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati nekkhammavitakko.\nSo evaṁ pajānāmi:\n‘uppanno kho me ayaṁ nekkhammavitakko.\nSo ca kho nevattabyābādhāya saṁvattati, na parabyābādhāya saṁvattati, na ubhayabyābādhāya saṁvattati, paññāvuddhiko avighātapakkhiko nibbānasaṁvattaniko’.\nRattiñcepi naṁ, bhikkhave, anuvitakkeyyaṁ anuvicāreyyaṁ, neva tatonidānaṁ bhayaṁ samanupassāmi.\nDivasañcepi naṁ, bhikkhave, anuvitakkeyyaṁ anuvicāreyyaṁ, neva tatonidānaṁ bhayaṁ samanupassāmi.\nRattindivañcepi naṁ, bhikkhave, anuvitakkeyyaṁ anuvicāreyyaṁ, neva tatonidānaṁ bhayaṁ samanupassāmi.\nApi ca kho me aticiraṁ anuvitakkayato anuvicārayato kāyo kilameyya.\nKāye kilante cittaṁ ūhaññeyya.\nŪhate citte ārā cittaṁ samādhimhāti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, ajjhattameva cittaṁ saṇṭhapemi sannisādemi ekodiṁ karomi samādahāmi.\nTaṁ kissa hetu?\n‘Mā me cittaṁ ūhaññī’ti.","en":"Then, as I meditated—diligent, keen, and resolute—a thought of renunciation arose.\nI understood:\n‘This thought of renunciation has arisen in me.\nIt doesn’t lead to hurting myself, hurting others, or hurting both. It nourishes wisdom, it’s on the side of freedom from distress, and it leads to extinguishment.’\nIf I were to keep on thinking and considering this all night …\nall day …\nall night and day, I see no danger that would come from that.\nStill, thinking and considering for too long would tire my body.\nAnd when the body is tired, the mind is stressed.\nAnd when the mind is stressed, it’s far from immersion.\nSo I stilled, settled, unified, and immersed my mind internally.\nWhy is that?\nSo that my mind would not be stressed."}},{"id":"mn19:9-10","sourceIds":["mn19:9-10.1","mn19:9-10.2","mn19:9-10.3","mn19:9-10.4","mn19:9-10.5","mn19:9-10.6","mn19:9-10.7","mn19:9-10.8","mn19:9-10.9","mn19:9-10.10","mn19:9-10.11","mn19:9-10.12","mn19:9-10.13","mn19:9-10.14"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, bhikkhave, evaṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati abyāpādavitakko …pe…\nuppajjati avihiṁsāvitakko.\nSo evaṁ pajānāmi:\n‘uppanno kho me ayaṁ avihiṁsāvitakko.\nSo ca kho nevattabyābādhāya saṁvattati, na parabyābādhāya saṁvattati, na ubhayabyābādhāya saṁvattati, paññāvuddhiko avighātapakkhiko nibbānasaṁvattaniko’.\nRattiñcepi naṁ, bhikkhave, anuvitakkeyyaṁ anuvicāreyyaṁ, neva tatonidānaṁ bhayaṁ samanupassāmi.\nDivasañcepi naṁ, bhikkhave, anuvitakkeyyaṁ anuvicāreyyaṁ, neva tatonidānaṁ bhayaṁ samanupassāmi.\nRattindivañcepi naṁ, bhikkhave, anuvitakkeyyaṁ anuvicāreyyaṁ, neva tatonidānaṁ bhayaṁ samanupassāmi.\nApi ca kho me aticiraṁ anuvitakkayato anuvicārayato kāyo kilameyya.\nKāye kilante cittaṁ ūhaññeyya.\nŪhate citte ārā cittaṁ samādhimhāti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, ajjhattameva cittaṁ saṇṭhapemi, sannisādemi, ekodiṁ karomi samādahāmi.\nTaṁ kissa hetu?\n‘Mā me cittaṁ ūhaññī’ti.","en":"Then, as I meditated—diligent, keen, and resolute—a thought of good will arose …\na thought of harmlessness arose.\nI understood:\n‘This thought of harmlessness has arisen in me.\nIt doesn’t lead to hurting myself, hurting others, or hurting both. It nourishes wisdom, it’s on the side of freedom from distress, and it leads to extinguishment.’\nIf I were to keep on thinking and considering this all night …\nall day …\nall night and day, I see no danger that would come from that.\nStill, thinking and considering for too long would tire my body.\nAnd when the body is tired, the mind is stressed.\nAnd when the mind is stressed, it’s far from immersion.\nSo I stilled, settled, unified, and immersed my mind internally.\nWhy is that?\nSo that my mind would not be stressed."}},{"id":"mn19:11","sourceIds":["mn19:11.1","mn19:11.2","mn19:11.3","mn19:11.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Yaññadeva, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahulamanuvitakketi anuvicāreti, tathā tathā nati hoti cetaso.\nNekkhammavitakkañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahulamanuvitakketi anuvicāreti, pahāsi kāmavitakkaṁ, nekkhammavitakkaṁ bahulamakāsi, tassaṁ taṁ nekkhammavitakkāya cittaṁ namati.\nAbyāpādavitakkañce, bhikkhave …pe…\navihiṁsāvitakkañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu bahulamanuvitakketi anuvicāreti, pahāsi vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ, avihiṁsāvitakkaṁ bahulamakāsi, tassa taṁ avihiṁsāvitakkāya cittaṁ namati.","en":"Whatever a mendicant frequently thinks about and considers becomes their heart’s inclination.\nIf they often think about and consider thoughts of renunciation, they’ve given up sensual thought to cultivate the thought of renunciation. Their mind inclines to thoughts of renunciation.\nIf they often think about and consider thoughts of good will … their mind inclines to thoughts of good will.\nIf they often think about and consider thoughts of harmlessness … their mind inclines to thoughts of harmlessness."}},{"id":"mn19:12","sourceIds":["mn19:12.1","mn19:12.2","mn19:12.3","mn19:12.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gimhānaṁ pacchime māse sabbasassesu gāmantasambhatesu gopālako gāvo rakkheyya, tassa rukkhamūlagatassa vā abbhokāsagatassa vā satikaraṇīyameva hoti:\n‘etā gāvo’ti.\nEvamevaṁ kho, bhikkhave, satikaraṇīyameva ahosi:\n‘ete dhammā’ti.","en":"Suppose it’s the last month of summer, when all the crops have been gathered within a village, and a cowherd must take care of the cattle. While at the root of a tree or in the open he need only be mindful that\nthe cattle are there.\nIn the same way I needed only to be mindful that\nthose things were there."}},{"id":"mn19:13","sourceIds":["mn19:13.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Āraddhaṁ kho pana me, bhikkhave, vīriyaṁ ahosi asallīnaṁ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṁ cittaṁ ekaggaṁ.","en":"My energy was roused up and unflagging, my mindfulness was established and lucid, my body was tranquil and undisturbed, and my mind was immersed and unified in samādhi."}},{"id":"mn19:14","sourceIds":["mn19:14.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So kho ahaṁ, bhikkhave, vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.","en":"Quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, I entered and remained in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected."}},{"id":"mn19:15","sourceIds":["mn19:15.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā ajjhattaṁ sampasādanaṁ cetaso ekodibhāvaṁ avitakkaṁ avicāraṁ samādhijaṁ pītisukhaṁ dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.","en":"As the placing of the mind and keeping it connected were stilled, I entered and remained in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected."}},{"id":"mn19:16","sourceIds":["mn19:16.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca vihāsiṁ sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṁvedesiṁ, yaṁ taṁ ariyā ācikkhanti ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti, tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.","en":"And with the fading away of rapture, I entered and remained in the third absorption, where I meditated with equanimity, mindful and aware, experiencing for themselves the bliss of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and mindful, one meditates in bliss.’"}},{"id":"mn19:17","sourceIds":["mn19:17.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṁ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṁ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṁ catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.","en":"With the giving up of pleasure and pain, and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, I entered and remained in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness."}},{"id":"mn19:18","sourceIds":["mn19:18.1","mn19:18.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ.\nSo anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarāmi. Seyyathidaṁ—ekampi jātiṁ …pe… iti sākāraṁ sauddesaṁ anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarāmi.","en":"When my mind had immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward recollection of past lives.\nI recollected many kinds of past lives, with features and details."}},{"id":"mn19:19","sourceIds":["mn19:19.1","mn19:19.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ kho me, bhikkhave, rattiyā paṭhame yāme paṭhamā vijjā adhigatā;\navijjā vihatā vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato āloko uppanno; yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.","en":"This was the first knowledge, which I achieved in the first watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute."}},{"id":"mn19:20","sourceIds":["mn19:20.1","mn19:20.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṁ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ.\nSo dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne …pe… ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā …pe… iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi.","en":"When my mind had become immersed in samādhi like this, I extended it toward knowledge of the death and rebirth of sentient beings.\nWith clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, I saw sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. I understood how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds."}},{"id":"mn19:21","sourceIds":["mn19:21.1","mn19:21.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ kho me, bhikkhave, rattiyā majjhime yāme dutiyā vijjā adhigatā;\navijjā vihatā vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato āloko uppanno; yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.","en":"This was the second knowledge, which I achieved in the middle watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute."}},{"id":"mn19:22","sourceIds":["mn19:22.1","mn19:22.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṁ khayañāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ.\nSo ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ.","en":"When my mind had become immersed in samādhi like this, I extended it toward knowledge of the ending of defilements.\nI truly understood: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.’"}},{"id":"mn19:23","sourceIds":["mn19:23.1","mn19:23.2","mn19:23.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"‘Ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ.\nTassa me evaṁ jānato evaṁ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha, bhavāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha, avijjāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha, vimuttasmiṁ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṁ ahosi:\n‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyā’ti abbhaññāsiṁ.","en":"I truly understood: ‘These are defilements’ … ‘This is the origin of defilements’ … ‘This is the cessation of defilements’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of defilements.’\nKnowing and seeing like this, my mind was freed from the defilements of sensuality, desire to be reborn, and ignorance.\nI understood: ‘Rebirth is ended; the spiritual journey has been completed; what had to be done has been done; there is nothing further for this place.’"}},{"id":"mn19:24","sourceIds":["mn19:24.1","mn19:24.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ kho me, bhikkhave, rattiyā pacchime yāme tatiyā vijjā adhigatā;\navijjā vihatā vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato āloko uppanno; yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.","en":"This was the third knowledge, which I achieved in the last watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute."}},{"id":"mn19:25","sourceIds":["mn19:25.1","mn19:25.2","mn19:25.3","mn19:25.4","mn19:25.5","mn19:25.6","mn19:25.7","mn19:25.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, araññe pavane mahantaṁ ninnaṁ pallalaṁ.\nTamenaṁ mahāmigasaṅgho upanissāya vihareyya.\nTassa kocideva puriso uppajjeyya anatthakāmo ahitakāmo ayogakkhemakāmo.\nSo yvāssa maggo khemo sovatthiko pītigamanīyo taṁ maggaṁ pidaheyya, vivareyya kummaggaṁ, odaheyya okacaraṁ, ṭhapeyya okacārikaṁ.\nEvañhi so, bhikkhave, mahāmigasaṅgho aparena samayena anayabyasanaṁ āpajjeyya.\nTasseva kho pana, bhikkhave, mahato migasaṅghassa kocideva puriso uppajjeyya atthakāmo hitakāmo yogakkhemakāmo.\nSo yvāssa maggo khemo sovatthiko pītigamanīyo taṁ maggaṁ vivareyya, pidaheyya kummaggaṁ, ūhaneyya okacaraṁ, nāseyya okacārikaṁ.\nEvañhi so, bhikkhave, mahāmigasaṅgho aparena samayena vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjeyya.","en":"Suppose that in a forested wilderness there was an expanse of low-lying marshes,\nand a large herd of deer lived nearby.\nThen along comes a person who wants to harm, injure, and threaten them.\nThey close off the safe, secure path that leads to happiness, and open the wrong path. There they plant domesticated male and female deer as decoys\nso that, in due course, that herd of deer would fall to ruin and disaster.\nThen along comes a person who wants to help keep the herd of deer safe.\nThey open up the safe, secure path that leads to happiness, and close off the wrong path. They get rid of the decoys\nso that, in due course, that herd of deer would grow, increase, and mature."}},{"id":"mn19:26","sourceIds":["mn19:26.1","mn19:26.2","mn19:26.3","mn19:26.4","mn19:26.5","mn19:26.6","mn19:26.7","mn19:26.8","mn19:26.9","mn19:26.10","mn19:26.11","mn19:26.12","mn19:26.13"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Upamā kho me ayaṁ, bhikkhave, katā atthassa viññāpanāya.\nAyaṁ cevettha attho—\nmahantaṁ ninnaṁ pallalanti kho, bhikkhave, kāmānametaṁ adhivacanaṁ.\nMahāmigasaṅghoti kho, bhikkhave, sattānametaṁ adhivacanaṁ.\nPuriso anatthakāmo ahitakāmo ayogakkhemakāmoti kho, bhikkhave, mārassetaṁ pāpimato adhivacanaṁ.\nKummaggoti kho, bhikkhave, aṭṭhaṅgikassetaṁ micchāmaggassa adhivacanaṁ, seyyathidaṁ—\nmicchādiṭṭhiyā micchāsaṅkappassa micchāvācāya micchākammantassa micchāājīvassa micchāvāyāmassa micchāsatiyā micchāsamādhissa.\nOkacaroti kho, bhikkhave, nandīrāgassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.\nOkacārikāti kho, bhikkhave, avijjāyetaṁ adhivacanaṁ.\nPuriso atthakāmo hitakāmo yogakkhemakāmoti kho, bhikkhave, tathāgatassetaṁ adhivacanaṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassa.\nKhemo maggo sovatthiko pītigamanīyoti kho, bhikkhave, ariyassetaṁ aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa adhivacanaṁ, seyyathidaṁ—\nsammādiṭṭhiyā sammāsaṅkappassa sammāvācāya sammākammantassa sammāājīvassa sammāvāyāmassa sammāsatiyā sammāsamādhissa.\nIti kho, bhikkhave, vivaṭo mayā khemo maggo sovatthiko pītigamanīyo, pihito kummaggo, ūhato okacaro, nāsitā okacārikā.","en":"I’ve made up this simile to make a point.\nAnd this is what it means.\n‘An expanse of low-lying marshes’ is a term for sensual pleasures.\n‘A large herd of deer’ is a term for sentient beings.\n‘A person who wants to harm, injure, and threaten them’ is a term for Māra the Wicked.\n‘The wrong path’ is a term for the wrong eightfold path, that is,\nwrong view, wrong purpose, wrong speech, wrong action, wrong livelihood, wrong effort, wrong mindfulness, and wrong immersion.\n‘A domesticated male deer’ is a term for greed and relishing.\n‘A domesticated female deer’ is a term for ignorance.\n‘A person who wants to help keep the herd of deer safe’ is a term for the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha.\n‘The safe, secure path that leads to happiness’ is a term for the noble eightfold path, that is:\nright view, right purpose, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.\nSo, mendicants, I have opened up the safe, secure path to happiness and closed off the wrong path. And I have got rid of the male and female decoys."}},{"id":"mn19:27","sourceIds":["mn19:27.1","mn19:27.2","mn19:27.3","mn19:27.4","mn19:27.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Yaṁ, bhikkhave, satthārā karaṇīyaṁ sāvakānaṁ hitesinā anukampakena anukampaṁ upādāya, kataṁ vo taṁ mayā.\nEtāni, bhikkhave, rukkhamūlāni, etāni suññāgārāni; jhāyatha, bhikkhave, mā pamādattha; mā pacchā vippaṭisārino ahuvattha. Ayaṁ vo amhākaṁ anusāsanī”ti.\nIdamavoca bhagavā.\nAttamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.\nDvedhāvitakkasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ navamaṁ.","en":"Out of sympathy, I’ve done what a teacher should do who wants what’s best for their disciples.\nHere are these roots of trees, and here are these empty huts. Practice absorption, mendicants! Don’t be negligent! Don’t regret it later! This is my instruction to you.”\nThat is what the Buddha said.\nSatisfied, the mendicants approved what the Buddha said."}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/mn19/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}