{"id":"mn33","title":"The Longer Discourse on the Cowherd","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"mn33","title":"The Longer Discourse on the Cowherd","units":[{"id":"mn33:0","sourceIds":["mn33:0.1","mn33:0.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Majjhima Nikāya 33\nMahāgopālakasutta","en":"Middle Discourses 33\nThe Longer Discourse on the Cowherd"}},{"id":"mn33:1","sourceIds":["mn33:1.1","mn33:1.2","mn33:1.3","mn33:1.4","mn33:1.5","mn33:1.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ me sutaṁ—\nekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.\nTatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi:\n“bhikkhavo”ti.\n“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṁ.\nBhagavā etadavoca:","en":"So I have heard.\nAt one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery.\nThere the Buddha addressed the mendicants,\n“Mendicants!”\n“Venerable sir,” they replied.\nThe Buddha said this:"}},{"id":"mn33:2","sourceIds":["mn33:2.1","mn33:2.2","mn33:2.3","mn33:2.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Ekādasahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako abhabbo gogaṇaṁ pariharituṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.\nKatamehi ekādasahi?\nIdha, bhikkhave, gopālako na rūpaññū hoti, na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, na āsāṭikaṁ hāretā hoti, na vaṇaṁ paṭicchādetā hoti, na dhūmaṁ kattā hoti, na titthaṁ jānāti, na pītaṁ jānāti, na vīthiṁ jānāti, na gocarakusalo hoti anavasesadohī ca hoti. Ye te usabhā gopitaro gopariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.\nImehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako abhabbo gogaṇaṁ pariharituṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.","en":"“Mendicants, a cowherd with eleven factors can’t maintain and expand a herd of cattle.\nWhat eleven?\nIt’s when a cowherd doesn’t know form, is unskilled in characteristics, doesn’t pick out flies’ eggs, doesn’t dress wounds, doesn’t spread smoke, doesn’t know the ford, doesn’t know satisfaction, doesn’t know the trail, is not skilled in ranges, milks dry, and doesn’t show extra respect to the bulls who are fathers and captains of the herd.\nA cowherd with these eleven factors can’t maintain and expand a herd of cattle."}},{"id":"mn33:3","sourceIds":["mn33:3.1","mn33:3.2","mn33:3.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjituṁ.\nKatamehi ekādasahi?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti, na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, na āsāṭikaṁ hāretā hoti, na vaṇaṁ paṭicchādetā hoti, na dhūmaṁ kattā hoti, na titthaṁ jānāti, na pītaṁ jānāti, na vīthiṁ jānāti, na gocarakusalo hoti, anavasesadohī ca hoti. Ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.","en":"In the same way, a mendicant with eleven qualities can’t achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training.\nWhat eleven?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t know form, is unskilled in characteristics, doesn’t pick out flies’ eggs, doesn’t dress wounds, doesn’t spread smoke, doesn’t know the ford, doesn’t know satisfaction, doesn’t know the trail, is not skilled in ranges, milks dry, and doesn’t show extra respect to senior mendicants of long standing, long gone forth, fathers and leaders of the Saṅgha."}},{"id":"mn33:4","sourceIds":["mn33:4.1","mn33:4.2","mn33:4.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṁ kiñci rūpaṁ sabbaṁ rūpaṁ ‘cattāri mahābhūtāni, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṁ upādāyarūpan’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant not know form?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t truly understand that all form is the four principal states, or form derived from the four principal states.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t know form."}},{"id":"mn33:5","sourceIds":["mn33:5.1","mn33:5.2","mn33:5.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘kammalakkhaṇo bālo, kammalakkhaṇo paṇḍito’ti yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti.","en":"And how is a mendicant not skilled in characteristics?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t understand that a fool is characterized by their deeds, and an astute person is characterized by their deeds.\nThat’s how a mendicant isn’t skilled in characteristics."}},{"id":"mn33:6","sourceIds":["mn33:6.1","mn33:6.2","mn33:6.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na āsāṭikaṁ hāretā hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṁ kāmavitakkaṁ adhivāseti, nappajahati na vinodeti na byantī karoti na anabhāvaṁ gameti. Uppannaṁ byāpādavitakkaṁ …pe… uppannaṁ vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ …pe… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme adhivāseti, nappajahati na vinodeti na byantī karoti na anabhāvaṁ gameti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na āsāṭikaṁ hāretā hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant not pick out flies’ eggs?\nIt’s when a mendicant tolerates a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought that has arisen. They tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen. They don’t give them up, dispel them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t pick out flies’ eggs."}},{"id":"mn33:7","sourceIds":["mn33:7.1","mn33:7.2","mn33:7.3","mn33:7.4","mn33:7.5","mn33:7.6","mn33:7.7","mn33:7.8","mn33:7.9","mn33:7.10"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vaṇaṁ paṭicchādetā hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī.\nYatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya na paṭipajjati, na rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ, cakkhundriye na saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.\nSotena saddaṁ sutvā …pe…\nghānena gandhaṁ ghāyitvā …pe…\njivhāya rasaṁ sāyitvā …pe…\nkāyena phoṭṭhabbaṁ phusitvā …pe…\nmanasā dhammaṁ viññāya nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī.\nYatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ, tassa saṁvarāya na paṭipajjati, na rakkhati manindriyaṁ, manindriye na saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vaṇaṁ paṭicchādetā hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant not dress wounds?\nWhen a mendicant sees a sight with their eyes, they get caught up in the features and details.\nSince the faculty of sight is left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure become overwhelming. They don’t practice restraint, they don’t protect the faculty of sight, and they don’t achieve its restraint.\nWhen they hear a sound with their ears …\nsmell an odor with their nose …\ntaste a flavor with their tongue …\nfeel a touch with their body …\nknow an idea with their mind, they get caught up in the features and details.\nSince the faculty of the mind is left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure become overwhelming. They don’t practice restraint, they don’t protect the faculty of the mind, and they don’t achieve its restraint.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t dress wounds."}},{"id":"mn33:8","sourceIds":["mn33:8.1","mn33:8.2","mn33:8.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na dhūmaṁ kattā hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathāsutaṁ yathāpariyattaṁ dhammaṁ na vitthārena paresaṁ desetā hoti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na dhūmaṁ kattā hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant not spread smoke?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t teach others the Dhamma in detail as they learned and memorized it.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t spread smoke."}},{"id":"mn33:9","sourceIds":["mn33:9.1","mn33:9.2","mn33:9.3","mn33:9.4","mn33:9.5","mn33:9.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na titthaṁ jānāti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā, te kālena kālaṁ upasaṅkamitvā na paripucchati, na paripañhati:\n‘idaṁ, bhante, kathaṁ?\nImassa ko attho’ti?\nTassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva na vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca na uttānīkaronti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhānīyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṁ na paṭivinodenti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na titthaṁ jānāti.","en":"And how does a mendicant not know the ford?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t from time to time go up to those mendicants who are very learned—inheritors of the heritage, who have memorized the teachings, the monastic law, and the outlines—and ask them questions:\n‘Why, sir, does it say this?\nWhat does that mean?’\nThose venerables don’t reveal what is hidden, clarify what is unclear, and dispel doubt regarding the many doubtful matters.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t know the ford."}},{"id":"mn33:10","sourceIds":["mn33:10.1","mn33:10.2","mn33:10.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na pītaṁ jānāti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne na labhati atthavedaṁ, na labhati dhammavedaṁ, na labhati dhammūpasaṁhitaṁ pāmojjaṁ.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na pītaṁ jānāti.","en":"And how does a mendicant not know satisfaction?\nIt’s when a mendicant, when the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One are being taught, finds no inspiration in the meaning and the teaching, and finds no joy connected with the teaching.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t know satisfaction."}},{"id":"mn33:11","sourceIds":["mn33:11.1","mn33:11.2","mn33:11.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vīthiṁ jānāti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṁ aṭṭhaṅgikaṁ maggaṁ yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vīthiṁ jānāti.","en":"And how does a mendicant not know the trail?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t truly understand the noble eightfold path.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t know the trail."}},{"id":"mn33:12","sourceIds":["mn33:12.1","mn33:12.2","mn33:12.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na gocarakusalo hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāro satipaṭṭhāne yathābhūtaṁ nappajānāti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na gocarakusalo hoti.","en":"And how is a mendicant not skilled in ranges?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t truly understand the four kinds of mindfulness meditation.\nThat’s how a mendicant is not skilled in ranges."}},{"id":"mn33:13","sourceIds":["mn33:13.1","mn33:13.2","mn33:13.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anavasesadohī hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṁ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṁ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi, tatra bhikkhu mattaṁ na jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anavasesadohī hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant milk dry?\nIt’s when a mendicant is invited by a householder to accept robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick, and that mendicant doesn’t know moderation in accepting.\nThat’s how a mendicant milks dry."}},{"id":"mn33:14","sourceIds":["mn33:14.1","mn33:14.2","mn33:14.3","mn33:14.4","mn33:14.5","mn33:14.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, tesu na mettaṁ kāyakammaṁ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca;\nna mettaṁ vacīkammaṁ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca;\nna mettaṁ manokammaṁ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.\nImehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjituṁ.","en":"And how does a mendicant not show extra respect to senior mendicants of long standing, long gone forth, fathers and leaders of the Saṅgha?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t consistently treat senior mendicants of long standing, long gone forth, fathers and leaders of the Saṅgha with kindness by way of body, speech, and mind, both in public and in private.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t show extra respect to senior mendicants of long standing, long gone forth, fathers and leaders of the Saṅgha.\nA mendicant with these eleven qualities can’t achieve growth, improvement, or maturity in this teaching and training."}},{"id":"mn33:15","sourceIds":["mn33:15.1","mn33:15.2","mn33:15.3","mn33:15.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ekādasahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako bhabbo gogaṇaṁ pariharituṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.\nKatamehi ekādasahi?\nIdha, bhikkhave, gopālako rūpaññū hoti, lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, āsāṭikaṁ hāretā hoti, vaṇaṁ paṭicchādetā hoti, dhūmaṁ kattā hoti, titthaṁ jānāti, pītaṁ jānāti, vīthiṁ jānāti, gocarakusalo hoti, sāvasesadohī ca hoti. Ye te usabhā gopitaro gopariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.\nImehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako bhabbo gogaṇaṁ pariharituṁ phātiṁ kātuṁ.","en":"A cowherd with eleven factors can maintain and expand a herd of cattle.\nWhat eleven?\nIt’s when a cowherd knows form, is skilled in characteristics, picks out flies’ eggs, dresses wounds, spreads smoke, knows the ford, knows satisfaction, knows the trail, is skilled in ranges, doesn’t milk dry, and shows extra respect to the bulls who are fathers and captains of the herd.\nA cowherd with these eleven factors can maintain and expand a herd of cattle."}},{"id":"mn33:16","sourceIds":["mn33:16.1","mn33:16.2","mn33:16.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjituṁ.\nKatamehi ekādasahi?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti, lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, āsāṭikaṁ hāretā hoti, vaṇaṁ paṭicchādetā hoti, dhūmaṁ kattā hoti, titthaṁ jānāti, pītaṁ jānāti, vīthiṁ jānāti, gocarakusalo hoti, sāvasesadohī ca hoti. Ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.","en":"In the same way, a mendicant with eleven qualities can achieve growth, improvement, and maturity in this teaching and training.\nWhat eleven?\nIt’s when a mendicant knows form, is skilled in characteristics, picks out flies’ eggs, dresses wounds, spreads smoke, knows the ford, knows satisfaction, knows the trail, is skilled in ranges, doesn’t milk dry, and shows extra respect to senior mendicants of long standing, long gone forth, fathers and leaders of the Saṅgha."}},{"id":"mn33:17","sourceIds":["mn33:17.1","mn33:17.2","mn33:17.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṁ kiñci rūpaṁ sabbaṁ rūpaṁ ‘cattāri mahābhūtāni, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṁ upādāyarūpan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant know form?\nIt’s when a mendicant truly understands that all form is the four principal states, or form derived from the four principal states.\nThat’s how a mendicant knows form."}},{"id":"mn33:18","sourceIds":["mn33:18.1","mn33:18.2","mn33:18.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lakkhaṇakusalo hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kammalakkhaṇo bālo, kammalakkhaṇo paṇḍitoti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lakkhaṇakusalo hoti.","en":"And how is a mendicant skilled in characteristics?\nIt’s when a mendicant understands that a fool is characterized by their deeds, and an astute person is characterized by their deeds.\nThat’s how a mendicant is skilled in characteristics."}},{"id":"mn33:19","sourceIds":["mn33:19.1","mn33:19.2","mn33:19.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsāṭikaṁ hāretā hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṁ kāmavitakkaṁ nādhivāseti, pajahati vinodeti byantī karoti anabhāvaṁ gameti. Uppannaṁ byāpādavitakkaṁ …pe… uppannaṁ vihiṁsāvitakkaṁ …pe… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti, pajahati vinodeti byantī karoti anabhāvaṁ gameti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsāṭikaṁ hāretā hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant pick out flies’ eggs?\nIt’s when a mendicant doesn’t tolerate a sensual, malicious, or cruel thought that has arisen. They don’t tolerate any bad, unskillful qualities that have arisen, but give them up, dispel them, eliminate them, and obliterate them.\nThat’s how a mendicant picks out flies’ eggs."}},{"id":"mn33:20","sourceIds":["mn33:20.1","mn33:20.2","mn33:20.3","mn33:20.4","mn33:20.5","mn33:20.6","mn33:20.7","mn33:20.8","mn33:20.9","mn33:20.10"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇaṁ paṭicchādetā hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṁ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī.\nYatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ cakkhundriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṁ, cakkhundriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.\nSotena saddaṁ sutvā …pe…\nghānena gandhaṁ ghāyitvā …pe…\njivhāya rasaṁ sāyitvā …pe…\nkāyena phoṭṭhabbaṁ phusitvā …pe…\nmanasā dhammaṁ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī.\nYatvādhikaraṇamenaṁ manindriyaṁ asaṁvutaṁ viharantaṁ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṁ tassa saṁvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṁ, manindriye saṁvaraṁ āpajjati.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇaṁ paṭicchādetā hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant dress wounds?\nWhen a mendicant sees a sight with their eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.\nIf the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint.\nWhen they hear a sound with their ears …\nsmell an odor with their nose …\ntaste a flavor with their tongue …\nfeel a touch with their body …\nknow an idea with their mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details.\nIf the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of covetousness and displeasure would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint.\nThat’s how a mendicant dresses wounds."}},{"id":"mn33:21","sourceIds":["mn33:21.1","mn33:21.2","mn33:21.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhūmaṁ kattā hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathāsutaṁ yathāpariyattaṁ dhammaṁ vitthārena paresaṁ desetā hoti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhūmaṁ kattā hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant spread smoke?\nIt’s when a mendicant teaches others the Dhamma in detail as they learned and memorized it.\nThat’s how a mendicant spreads smoke."}},{"id":"mn33:22","sourceIds":["mn33:22.1","mn33:22.2","mn33:22.3","mn33:22.4","mn33:22.5","mn33:22.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu titthaṁ jānāti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā te kālena kālaṁ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati, paripañhati:\n‘idaṁ, bhante, kathaṁ?\nImassa ko attho’ti?\nTassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānīkaronti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhānīyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṁ paṭivinodenti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu titthaṁ jānāti.","en":"And how does a mendicant know the ford?\nIt’s when from time to time a mendicant goes up to those mendicants who are very learned—inheritors of the heritage, who have memorized the teachings, the monastic law, and the outlines—and asks them questions:\n‘Why, sir, does it say this?\nWhat does that mean?’\nThose venerables reveal what is hidden, clarify what is unclear, and dispel doubt regarding the many doubtful matters.\nThat’s how a mendicant knows the ford."}},{"id":"mn33:23","sourceIds":["mn33:23.1","mn33:23.2","mn33:23.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca bhikkhave, bhikkhu pītaṁ jānāti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne labhati atthavedaṁ, labhati dhammavedaṁ, labhati dhammūpasaṁhitaṁ pāmojjaṁ.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pītaṁ jānāti.","en":"And how does a mendicant know satisfaction?\nIt’s when a mendicant, when the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One are being taught, finds inspiration in the meaning and the teaching, and finds joy connected with the teaching.\nThat’s how a mendicant knows satisfaction."}},{"id":"mn33:24","sourceIds":["mn33:24.1","mn33:24.2","mn33:24.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīthiṁ jānāti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṁ aṭṭhaṅgikaṁ maggaṁ yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīthiṁ jānāti.","en":"And how does a mendicant know the trail?\nIt’s when a mendicant truly understands the noble eightfold path.\nThat’s how a mendicant knows the trail."}},{"id":"mn33:25","sourceIds":["mn33:25.1","mn33:25.2","mn33:25.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gocarakusalo hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāro satipaṭṭhāne yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gocarakusalo hoti.","en":"And how is a mendicant skilled in ranges?\nIt’s when a mendicant truly understands the four kinds of mindfulness meditation.\nThat’s how a mendicant is skilled in ranges."}},{"id":"mn33:26","sourceIds":["mn33:26.1","mn33:26.2","mn33:26.3","mn33:26.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāvasesadohī hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṁ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṁ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi.\nTatra bhikkhu mattaṁ jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāvasesadohī hoti.","en":"And how does a mendicant not milk dry?\nIt’s when a mendicant is invited by a householder to accept robes, almsfood, lodgings, and medicines and supplies for the sick,\nand that mendicant knows moderation in accepting.\nThat’s how a mendicant doesn’t milk dry."}},{"id":"mn33:27","sourceIds":["mn33:27.1","mn33:27.2","mn33:27.3","mn33:27.4","mn33:27.5","mn33:27.6","mn33:27.7","mn33:27.8","mn33:27.9"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti?\nIdha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā tesu mettaṁ kāyakammaṁ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca;\nmettaṁ vacīkammaṁ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca;\nmettaṁ manokammaṁ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca.\nEvaṁ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.\nImehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo imasmiṁ dhammavinaye vuddhiṁ virūḷhiṁ vepullaṁ āpajjitun”ti.\nIdamavoca bhagavā.\nAttamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.\nMahāgopālakasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ tatiyaṁ.","en":"And how does a mendicant show extra respect to senior mendicants of long standing, long gone forth, fathers and leaders of the Saṅgha?\nIt’s when a mendicant consistently treats senior mendicants of long standing, long gone forth, fathers and leaders of the Saṅgha with kindness by way of body, speech, and mind, both in public and in private.\nThat’s how a mendicant shows extra respect to senior mendicants of long standing, long gone forth, fathers and leaders of the Saṅgha.\nA mendicant with these eleven qualities can achieve growth, improvement, and maturity in this teaching and training.”\nThat is what the Buddha said.\nSatisfied, the mendicants approved what the Buddha said."}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/mn33/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}