{"id":"mn36","title":"The Longer Discourse With Saccaka","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"mn36","title":"The Longer Discourse With Saccaka","units":[{"id":"mn36:0","sourceIds":["mn36:0.1","mn36:0.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Majjhima Nikāya 36\nMahāsaccakasutta","en":"Middle Discourses 36\nThe Longer Discourse With Saccaka"}},{"id":"mn36:1","sourceIds":["mn36:1.1","mn36:1.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ me sutaṁ—\nekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ.","en":"So I have heard.\nAt one time the Buddha was staying near Vesālī, at the Great Wood, in the hall with the peaked roof."}},{"id":"mn36:2","sourceIds":["mn36:2.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṁ sunivattho hoti pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṁ piṇḍāya pavisitukāmo.","en":"Now at that time in the morning the Buddha, being properly dressed, took his bowl and robe, wishing to enter Vesālī for alms."}},{"id":"mn36:3","sourceIds":["mn36:3.1","mn36:3.2","mn36:3.3","mn36:3.4","mn36:3.5","mn36:3.6","mn36:3.7","mn36:3.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho saccako nigaṇṭhaputto jaṅghāvihāraṁ anucaṅkamamāno anuvicaramāno yena mahāvanaṁ kūṭāgārasālā tenupasaṅkami.\nAddasā kho āyasmā ānando saccakaṁ nigaṇṭhaputtaṁ dūratova āgacchantaṁ.\nDisvāna bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“ayaṁ, bhante, saccako nigaṇṭhaputto āgacchati bhassappavādako paṇḍitavādo sādhusammato bahujanassa.\nEso kho, bhante, avaṇṇakāmo buddhassa, avaṇṇakāmo dhammassa, avaṇṇakāmo saṅghassa.\nSādhu, bhante, bhagavā muhuttaṁ nisīdatu anukampaṁ upādāyā”ti.\nNisīdi bhagavā paññatte āsane.\nAtha kho saccako nigaṇṭhaputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi, sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:","en":"Then as Saccaka, the son of Jain parents, was going for a walk he approached the hall with the peaked roof in the Great Wood.\nVenerable Ānanda saw him coming off in the distance,\nand said to the Buddha,\n“Sir, Saccaka, the son of Jain parents, is coming. He’s a controversialist who pretends to be astute and is deemed holy by many people.\nHe wants to discredit the Buddha, the teaching, and the Saṅgha.\nPlease, sir, sit for an hour out of sympathy.”\nThe Buddha sat down on the seat spread out.\nThen Saccaka went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him. When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to the Buddha,"}},{"id":"mn36:4","sourceIds":["mn36:4.1","mn36:4.2","mn36:4.3","mn36:4.4","mn36:4.5","mn36:4.6","mn36:4.7","mn36:4.8","mn36:4.9","mn36:4.10","mn36:4.11","mn36:4.12","mn36:4.13","mn36:4.14"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Santi, bho gotama, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kāyabhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā viharanti, no cittabhāvanaṁ.\nPhusanti hi te, bho gotama, sārīrikaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ.\nBhūtapubbaṁ, bho gotama, sārīrikāya dukkhāya vedanāya phuṭṭhassa sato ūrukkhambhopi nāma bhavissati, hadayampi nāma phalissati, uṇhampi lohitaṁ mukhato uggamissati, ummādampi pāpuṇissati cittakkhepaṁ.\nTassa kho etaṁ, bho gotama, kāyanvayaṁ cittaṁ hoti, kāyassa vasena vattati.\nTaṁ kissa hetu?\nAbhāvitattā cittassa.\nSanti pana, bho gotama, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā cittabhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā viharanti, no kāyabhāvanaṁ.\nPhusanti hi te, bho gotama, cetasikaṁ dukkhaṁ vedanaṁ.\nBhūtapubbaṁ, bho gotama, cetasikāya dukkhāya vedanāya phuṭṭhassa sato ūrukkhambhopi nāma bhavissati, hadayampi nāma phalissati, uṇhampi lohitaṁ mukhato uggamissati, ummādampi pāpuṇissati cittakkhepaṁ.\nTassa kho eso, bho gotama, cittanvayo kāyo hoti, cittassa vasena vattati.\nTaṁ kissa hetu?\nAbhāvitattā kāyassa.\nTassa mayhaṁ, bho gotama, evaṁ hoti:\n‘addhā bhoto gotamassa sāvakā cittabhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā viharanti, no kāyabhāvanan’”ti.","en":"“Worthy Gotama, there are some ascetics and brahmins who live committed to the practice of developing physical endurance, without developing the mind.\nThey suffer painful physical feelings.\nThis happened to someone once. Their thighs became paralyzed, their heart burst, hot blood gushed from their mouth, and they went mad and lost their mind.\nTheir mind was subject to the body, and the body had power over it.\nWhy is that?\nBecause their mind was not developed.\nThere are some ascetics and brahmins who live committed to the practice of developing the mind, without developing physical endurance.\nThey suffer painful mental feelings.\nThis happened to someone once. Their thighs became paralyzed, their heart burst, hot blood gushed from their mouth, and they went mad and lost their mind.\nTheir body was subject to the mind, and the mind had power over it.\nWhy is that?\nBecause their physical endurance was not developed.\nIt occurs to me that\nThe worthy Gotama’s disciples must live committed to the practice of developing the mind, without developing physical endurance.”"}},{"id":"mn36:5","sourceIds":["mn36:5.1","mn36:5.2","mn36:5.3","mn36:5.4","mn36:5.5","mn36:5.6","mn36:5.7","mn36:5.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Kinti pana te, aggivessana, kāyabhāvanā sutā”ti?\n“Seyyathidaṁ—\nnando vaccho, kiso saṅkicco, makkhali gosālo—\netehi, bho gotama, acelakā muttācārā hatthāpalekhanā naehibhaddantikā natiṭṭhabhaddantikā na abhihaṭaṁ na uddissakataṁ na nimantanaṁ sādiyanti,\nte na kumbhimukhā paṭiggaṇhanti na kaḷopimukhā paṭiggaṇhanti na eḷakamantaraṁ na daṇḍamantaraṁ na musalamantaraṁ na dvinnaṁ bhuñjamānānaṁ na gabbhiniyā na pāyamānāya na purisantaragatāya na saṅkittīsu na yattha sā upaṭṭhito hoti na yattha makkhikā saṇḍasaṇḍacārinī, na macchaṁ na maṁsaṁ na suraṁ na merayaṁ na thusodakaṁ pivanti.\nTe ekāgārikā vā honti ekālopikā, dvāgārikā vā honti dvālopikā …pe… sattāgārikā vā honti sattālopikā.\nEkissāpi dattiyā yāpenti, dvīhipi dattīhi yāpenti …pe… sattahipi dattīhi yāpenti.\nEkāhikampi āhāraṁ āhārenti, dvīhikampi āhāraṁ āhārenti …pe… sattāhikampi āhāraṁ āhārenti. Iti evarūpaṁ addhamāsikampi pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyuttā viharantī”ti.","en":"“But Aggivessana, what have you heard about the development of physical endurance?”\n“Take, for example,\nNanda Vaccha, Kisa Saṅkicca, and the bamboo-staffed ascetic Gosāla.\nThey go naked, ignoring conventions. They lick their hands, and don’t come or wait when called. They don’t consent to food brought to them, or food prepared on their behalf, or an invitation for a meal.\nThey don’t receive anything from a pot or bowl; or from someone who keeps sheep, or who has a weapon or a shovel in their home; or where a couple is eating; or where there is a woman who is pregnant, breastfeeding, or who lives with a man; or where there’s a hound waiting or flies buzzing. They accept no fish or meat or beer or wine, and drink no fermented gruel.\nThey go to just one house for alms, taking just one mouthful, or two houses and two mouthfuls, up to seven houses and seven mouthfuls.\nThey feed on one saucer a day, two saucers a day, up to seven saucers a day.\nThey eat once a day, once every second day, up to once a week, and so on, even up to once a fortnight. They live committed to the practice of eating food at set intervals.”"}},{"id":"mn36:6","sourceIds":["mn36:6.1","mn36:6.2","mn36:6.3","mn36:6.4","mn36:6.5","mn36:6.6","mn36:6.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Kiṁ pana te, aggivessana, tāvatakeneva yāpentī”ti?\n“No hidaṁ, bho gotama.\nAppekadā, bho gotama, uḷārāni uḷārāni khādanīyāni khādanti, uḷārāni uḷārāni bhojanāni bhuñjanti, uḷārāni uḷārāni sāyanīyāni sāyanti, uḷārāni uḷārāni pānāni pivanti.\nTe imaṁ kāyaṁ balaṁ gāhenti nāma, brūhenti nāma, medenti nāmā”ti.\n“Yaṁ kho te, aggivessana, purimaṁ pahāya pacchā upacinanti, evaṁ imassa kāyassa ācayāpacayo hoti.\nKinti pana te, aggivessana, cittabhāvanā sutā”ti?\nCittabhāvanāya kho saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavatā puṭṭho samāno na sampāyāsi.","en":"“But Aggivessana, do they get by on so little?”\n“No, worthy Gotama.\nSometimes they eat luxury fresh and cooked foods and drink a variety of luxury beverages.\nThey gather their body’s strength, build it up, and get fat.”\n“What they earlier gave up, they later got back. That is how there is the increase and decrease of this body.\nBut Aggivessana, what have you heard about development of the mind?”\nWhen Saccaka was questioned by the Buddha about development of the mind, he was stumped."}},{"id":"mn36:7","sourceIds":["mn36:7.1","mn36:7.2","mn36:7.3","mn36:7.4","mn36:7.5","mn36:7.6","mn36:7.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho bhagavā saccakaṁ nigaṇṭhaputtaṁ etadavoca:\n“yāpi kho te esā, aggivessana, purimā kāyabhāvanā bhāsitā sāpi ariyassa vinaye no dhammikā kāyabhāvanā.\nKāyabhāvanampi kho tvaṁ, aggivessana, na aññāsi, kuto pana tvaṁ cittabhāvanaṁ jānissasi?\nApi ca, aggivessana, yathā abhāvitakāyo ca hoti abhāvitacitto ca, bhāvitakāyo ca hoti bhāvitacitto ca.\nTaṁ suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī”ti.\n“Evaṁ, bho”ti kho saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavato paccassosi.\nBhagavā etadavoca:","en":"So the Buddha said to Saccaka,\n“The development of physical endurance that you have described is not the legitimate development of physical endurance in the Noble One’s training.\nAnd since you don’t even understand the development of physical endurance, how can you possibly understand the development of the mind?\nStill, as to how someone is undeveloped in physical endurance and mind, and how someone is developed in physical endurance and mind,\nlisten and apply your mind well, I will speak.”\n“Yes, worthy sir,” replied Saccaka.\nThe Buddha said this:"}},{"id":"mn36:8","sourceIds":["mn36:8.1","mn36:8.2","mn36:8.3","mn36:8.4","mn36:8.5","mn36:8.6","mn36:8.7","mn36:8.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Kathañca, aggivessana, abhāvitakāyo ca hoti abhāvitacitto ca?\nIdha, aggivessana, assutavato puthujjanassa uppajjati sukhā vedanā.\nSo sukhāya vedanāya phuṭṭho samāno sukhasārāgī ca hoti sukhasārāgitañca āpajjati.\nTassa sā sukhā vedanā nirujjhati.\nSukhāya vedanāya nirodhā uppajjati dukkhā vedanā.\nSo dukkhāya vedanāya phuṭṭho samāno socati kilamati paridevati urattāḷiṁ kandati sammohaṁ āpajjati.\nTassa kho esā, aggivessana, uppannāpi sukhā vedanā cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati abhāvitattā kāyassa, uppannāpi dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati abhāvitattā cittassa.\nYassa kassaci, aggivessana, evaṁ ubhatopakkhaṁ uppannāpi sukhā vedanā cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati abhāvitattā kāyassa, uppannāpi dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati abhāvitattā cittassa, evaṁ kho, aggivessana, abhāvitakāyo ca hoti abhāvitacitto ca.","en":"“And how is someone undeveloped in physical endurance and mind?\nTake an unlearned ordinary person who has a pleasant feeling.\nWhen they experience a pleasant feeling they become full of lust for it.\nThen that pleasant feeling ceases.\nAnd when it ceases, a painful feeling arises.\nWhen they suffer painful feeling, they sorrow and wail and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.\nBecause their physical endurance is undeveloped, pleasant feelings occupy the mind. And because their mind is undeveloped, painful feelings occupy the mind.\nAnyone whose mind is occupied by both pleasant and painful feelings like this is undeveloped both in physical endurance and in mind."}},{"id":"mn36:9","sourceIds":["mn36:9.1","mn36:9.2","mn36:9.3","mn36:9.4","mn36:9.5","mn36:9.6","mn36:9.7","mn36:9.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Kathañca, aggivessana, bhāvitakāyo ca hoti bhāvitacitto ca?\nIdha, aggivessana, sutavato ariyasāvakassa uppajjati sukhā vedanā.\nSo sukhāya vedanāya phuṭṭho samāno na sukhasārāgī ca hoti, na sukhasārāgitañca āpajjati.\nTassa sā sukhā vedanā nirujjhati.\nSukhāya vedanāya nirodhā uppajjati dukkhā vedanā.\nSo dukkhāya vedanāya phuṭṭho samāno na socati na kilamati na paridevati na urattāḷiṁ kandati na sammohaṁ āpajjati.\nTassa kho esā, aggivessana, uppannāpi sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati bhāvitattā kāyassa, uppannāpi dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati bhāvitattā cittassa.\nYassa kassaci, aggivessana, evaṁ ubhatopakkhaṁ uppannāpi sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati bhāvitattā kāyassa, uppannāpi dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati bhāvitattā cittassa. Evaṁ kho, aggivessana, bhāvitakāyo ca hoti bhāvitacitto cā”ti.","en":"And how is someone developed in physical endurance and mind?\nTake a learned noble disciple who has a pleasant feeling.\nWhen they experience a pleasant feeling they don’t become full of lust for it.\nThen that pleasant feeling ceases.\nAnd when it ceases, painful feeling arises.\nWhen they suffer painful feelings they don’t sorrow or wail or lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion.\nBecause their physical endurance is developed, pleasant feelings don’t occupy the mind. And because their mind is developed, painful feelings don’t occupy the mind.\nAnyone whose mind is not occupied by both pleasant and painful feelings like this is developed both in physical endurance and in mind.”"}},{"id":"mn36:10","sourceIds":["mn36:10.1","mn36:10.2","mn36:10.3","mn36:10.4","mn36:10.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Evaṁ pasanno ahaṁ bhoto gotamassa.\nBhavañhi gotamo bhāvitakāyo ca hoti bhāvitacitto cā”ti.\n“Addhā kho te ayaṁ, aggivessana, āsajja upanīya vācā bhāsitā,\napi ca te ahaṁ byākarissāmi.\nYato kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajito, taṁ vata me uppannā vā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ pariyādāya ṭhassati, uppannā vā dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ pariyādāya ṭhassatīti netaṁ ṭhānaṁ vijjatī”ti.","en":"“I am quite confident that the worthy Gotama\nis developed in physical endurance and in mind.”\n“Your words are clearly invasive and intrusive, Aggivessana.\nNevertheless, I will answer you.\nEver since I shaved off my hair and beard, dressed in ocher robes, and went forth from the lay life to homelessness, it has not been possible for any pleasant or painful feeling to occupy my mind.”"}},{"id":"mn36:11","sourceIds":["mn36:11.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Na hi nūna bhoto gotamassa uppajjati tathārūpā sukhā vedanā yathārūpā uppannā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭheyya; na hi nūna bhoto gotamassa uppajjati tathārūpā dukkhā vedanā yathārūpā uppannā dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ pariyādāya tiṭṭheyyā”ti.","en":"“Worthy Gotama mustn’t have experienced the kind of pleasant or painful feelings that would occupy the mind.”"}},{"id":"mn36:12","sourceIds":["mn36:12.1","mn36:12.2","mn36:12.3","mn36:12.4","mn36:12.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Kiñhi no siyā, aggivessana?\nIdha me, aggivessana, pubbeva sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi:\n‘sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā.\nNayidaṁ sukaraṁ agāraṁ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṁ ekantaparisuddhaṁ saṅkhalikhitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ carituṁ.\nYannūnāhaṁ kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajeyyan’ti.","en":"“How could I not, Aggivessana?\nBefore my awakening—when I was still unawakened but intent on awakening—I thought:\n‘Life at home is cramped and dirty, life gone forth is wide open.\nIt’s not easy for someone living at home to lead the spiritual life utterly full and pure, like a polished shell.\nWhy don’t I shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness?’"}},{"id":"mn36:13","sourceIds":["mn36:13.1","mn36:13.2","mn36:13.3","mn36:13.4","mn36:13.5","mn36:13.6","mn36:13.7","mn36:13.8","mn36:13.9","mn36:13.10","mn36:13.11","mn36:13.12","mn36:13.13","mn36:13.14","mn36:13.15","mn36:13.16","mn36:13.17","mn36:13.18","mn36:13.19","mn36:13.20","mn36:13.21","mn36:13.22"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, aparena samayena daharova samāno, susukāḷakeso bhadrena yobbanena samannāgato paṭhamena vayasā, akāmakānaṁ mātāpitūnaṁ assumukhānaṁ rudantānaṁ, kesamassuṁ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajiṁ.\nSo evaṁ pabbajito samāno kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṁ kālāmaṁ etadavocaṁ:\n‘icchāmahaṁ, āvuso kālāma, imasmiṁ dhammavinaye brahmacariyaṁ caritun’ti.\nEvaṁ vutte, aggivessana, āḷāro kālāmo maṁ etadavoca:\n‘viharatāyasmā,\ntādiso ayaṁ dhammo yattha viññū puriso nacirasseva sakaṁ ācariyakaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, nacirasseva khippameva taṁ dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇiṁ.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, tāvatakeneva oṭṭhapahatamattena lapitalāpanamattena ñāṇavādañca vadāmi theravādañca, ‘jānāmi passāmī’ti ca paṭijānāmi, ahañceva aññe ca.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘na kho āḷāro kālāmo imaṁ dhammaṁ kevalaṁ saddhāmattakena sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedeti,\naddhā āḷāro kālāmo imaṁ dhammaṁ jānaṁ passaṁ viharatī’ti.\nAtha khvāhaṁ, aggivessana, yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṁ kālāmaṁ etadavocaṁ:\n‘kittāvatā no, āvuso kālāma, imaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedesī’ti?\nEvaṁ vutte, aggivessana, āḷāro kālāmo ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ pavedesi.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘na kho āḷārasseva kālāmassa atthi saddhā, mayhampatthi saddhā;\nna kho āḷārasseva kālāmassa atthi vīriyaṁ, mayhampatthi vīriyaṁ;\nna kho āḷārasseva kālāmassa atthi sati, mayhampatthi sati;\nna kho āḷārasseva kālāmassa atthi samādhi, mayhampatthi samādhi;\nna kho āḷārasseva kālāmassa atthi paññā, mayhampatthi paññā;\nyannūnāhaṁ yaṁ dhammaṁ āḷāro kālāmo sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedeti tassa dhammassa sacchikiriyāya padaheyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, nacirasseva khippameva taṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsiṁ.","en":"Some time later, while still with pristine black hair, blessed with youth, in the prime of life—though my mother and father wished otherwise, weeping with tearful faces—I shaved off my hair and beard, dressed in ocher robes, and went forth from the lay life to homelessness.\nOnce I had gone forth I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Āḷāra Kālāma and said to him,\n‘Reverend Kālāma, I wish to lead the spiritual life in this teaching and training.’\nĀḷāra Kālāma replied,\n‘Stay, venerable.\nThis teaching is such that a sensible person can soon realize their own denomination with their own insight and live having achieved it.’\nI quickly memorized that teaching.\nAs far as lip-recital and verbal repetition went, I spoke the doctrine of knowledge, the elder doctrine. I claimed to know and see, and so did others.\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘It is not solely by mere faith that Āḷāra Kālāma declares: “I realize this teaching with my own insight, and live having achieved it.”\nSurely he meditates knowing and seeing this teaching.’\nSo I approached Āḷāra Kālāma and said to him,\n‘Reverend Kālāma, to what extent do you say you’ve realized this teaching with your own insight?’\nWhen I said this, he declared the dimension of nothingness.\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘It’s not just Āḷāra Kālāma who has faith,\nenergy,\nmindfulness,\nimmersion,\nand wisdom; I too have these things.\nWhy don’t I make an effort to realize the same teaching that Āḷāra Kālāma says he has realized with his own insight?’\nI quickly realized that teaching with my own insight, and lived having achieved it."}},{"id":"mn36:14","sourceIds":["mn36:14.1","mn36:14.2","mn36:14.3","mn36:14.4","mn36:14.5","mn36:14.6","mn36:14.7","mn36:14.8","mn36:14.9","mn36:14.10","mn36:14.11","mn36:14.12","mn36:14.13","mn36:14.14","mn36:14.15"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha khvāhaṁ, aggivessana, yena āḷāro kālāmo tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā āḷāraṁ kālāmaṁ etadavocaṁ:\n‘ettāvatā no, āvuso kālāma, imaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesī’ti?\n‘Ettāvatā kho ahaṁ, āvuso, imaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedemī’ti.\n‘Ahampi kho, āvuso, ettāvatā imaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmī’ti.\n‘Lābhā no, āvuso, suladdhaṁ no, āvuso,\nye mayaṁ āyasmantaṁ tādisaṁ sabrahmacāriṁ passāma.\nIti yāhaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedemi taṁ tvaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharasi;\nyaṁ tvaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharasi tamahaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedemi.\nIti yāhaṁ dhammaṁ jānāmi taṁ tvaṁ dhammaṁ jānāsi; yaṁ tvaṁ dhammaṁ jānāsi tamahaṁ dhammaṁ jānāmi.\nIti yādiso ahaṁ tādiso tuvaṁ, yādiso tuvaṁ tādiso ahaṁ.\nEhi dāni, āvuso, ubhova santā imaṁ gaṇaṁ pariharāmā’ti.\nIti kho, aggivessana, āḷāro kālāmo ācariyo me samāno attano antevāsiṁ maṁ samānaṁ attanā samasamaṁ ṭhapesi, uḷārāya ca maṁ pūjāya pūjesi.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘nāyaṁ dhammo nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṁvattati, yāvadeva ākiñcaññāyatanūpapattiyā’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, taṁ dhammaṁ analaṅkaritvā tasmā dhammā nibbijja apakkamiṁ.","en":"So I approached Āḷāra Kālāma and said to him,\n‘Reverend Kālāma, is it up to this point that you realized this teaching with your own insight, and declare having achieved it?’\n‘I have, reverend.’\n‘I too have realized this teaching with my own insight up to this point, and live having achieved it.’\n‘We are fortunate, reverend, so very fortunate\nto see a venerable such as yourself as one of our spiritual companions!\nSo the teaching that I’ve realized with my own insight, and declare having achieved it, you’ve realized with your own insight, and dwell having achieved it.\nThe teaching that you’ve realized with your own insight, and dwell having achieved it, I’ve realized with my own insight, and declare having achieved it.\nSo the teaching that I know, you know, and the teaching you know, I know.\nI am like you and you are like me.\nCome now, reverend! We should both lead this community together.’\nAnd that is how my tutor Āḷāra Kālāma placed me, his pupil, on the same position as him, and honored me with high praise.\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘This teaching doesn’t lead to disillusionment, dispassion, cessation, peace, insight, awakening, and extinguishment. It only leads as far as rebirth in the dimension of nothingness.’\nRealizing that this teaching was inadequate, I left disappointed."}},{"id":"mn36:15","sourceIds":["mn36:15.1","mn36:15.2","mn36:15.3","mn36:15.4","mn36:15.5","mn36:15.6","mn36:15.7","mn36:15.8","mn36:15.9","mn36:15.10","mn36:15.11","mn36:15.12","mn36:15.13","mn36:15.14","mn36:15.15","mn36:15.16","mn36:15.17","mn36:15.18","mn36:15.19","mn36:15.20","mn36:15.21","mn36:15.22","mn36:15.23","mn36:15.24","mn36:15.25","mn36:15.26","mn36:15.27","mn36:15.28","mn36:15.29","mn36:15.30","mn36:15.31","mn36:15.32","mn36:15.33","mn36:15.34","mn36:15.35"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṁ rāmaputtaṁ etadavocaṁ:\n‘icchāmahaṁ, āvuso, imasmiṁ dhammavinaye brahmacariyaṁ caritun’ti.\nEvaṁ vutte, aggivessana, udako rāmaputto maṁ etadavoca:\n‘viharatāyasmā,\ntādiso ayaṁ dhammo yattha viññū puriso nacirasseva sakaṁ ācariyakaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihareyyā’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, nacirasseva khippameva taṁ dhammaṁ pariyāpuṇiṁ.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, tāvatakeneva oṭṭhapahatamattena lapitalāpanamattena ñāṇavādañca vadāmi theravādañca, ‘jānāmi passāmī’ti ca paṭijānāmi, ahañceva aññe ca.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘na kho rāmo imaṁ dhammaṁ kevalaṁ saddhāmattakena sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedesi.\nAddhā rāmo imaṁ dhammaṁ jānaṁ passaṁ vihāsī’ti.\nAtha khvāhaṁ, aggivessana, yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṁ rāmaputtaṁ etadavocaṁ:\n‘kittāvatā no āvuso rāmo imaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedesī’ti?\nEvaṁ vutte, aggivessana, udako rāmaputto nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṁ pavedesi.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘na kho rāmasseva ahosi saddhā, mayhampatthi saddhā;\nna kho rāmasseva ahosi vīriyaṁ, mayhampatthi vīriyaṁ;\nna kho rāmasseva ahosi sati, mayhampatthi sati;\nna kho rāmasseva ahosi samādhi, mayhampatthi samādhi;\nna kho rāmasseva ahosi paññā, mayhampatthi paññā;\nyannūnāhaṁ yaṁ dhammaṁ rāmo sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmīti pavedesi tassa dhammassa sacchikiriyāya padaheyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, nacirasseva khippameva taṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsiṁ.\nAtha khvāhaṁ, aggivessana, yena udako rāmaputto tenupasaṅkamiṁ; upasaṅkamitvā udakaṁ rāmaputtaṁ etadavocaṁ:\n‘ettāvatā no āvuso rāmo imaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesī’ti?\n‘Ettāvatā kho āvuso rāmo imaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesī’ti.\n‘Ahampi kho, āvuso, ettāvatā imaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmī’ti.\n‘Lābhā no, āvuso, suladdhaṁ no, āvuso,\nye mayaṁ āyasmantaṁ tādisaṁ sabrahmacāriṁ passāma.\nIti yaṁ dhammaṁ rāmo sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesi, taṁ tvaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharasi; yaṁ tvaṁ dhammaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharasi, taṁ dhammaṁ rāmo sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja pavedesi.\nIti yaṁ dhammaṁ rāmo abhiññāsi taṁ tvaṁ dhammaṁ jānāsi; yaṁ tvaṁ dhammaṁ jānāsi taṁ dhammaṁ rāmo abhiññāsi.\nIti yādiso rāmo ahosi tādiso tuvaṁ; yādiso tuvaṁ tādiso rāmo ahosi.\nEhi dāni, āvuso, tuvaṁ imaṁ gaṇaṁ pariharā’ti.\nIti kho, aggivessana, udako rāmaputto sabrahmacārī me samāno ācariyaṭṭhāne ca maṁ ṭhapesi, uḷārāya ca maṁ pūjāya pūjesi.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘nāyaṁ dhammo nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṁvattati, yāvadeva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanūpapattiyā’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, taṁ dhammaṁ analaṅkaritvā tasmā dhammā nibbijja apakkamiṁ.","en":"I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. I approached Uddaka son of Rāma and said to him,\n‘Reverend, I wish to lead the spiritual life in this teaching and training.’\nUddaka replied,\n‘Stay, venerable.\nThis teaching is such that a sensible person can soon realize their own denomination with their own insight and live having achieved it.’\nI quickly memorized that teaching.\nAs far as lip-recital and verbal repetition went, I spoke the doctrine of knowledge, the elder doctrine. I claimed to know and see, and so did others.\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘It is not solely by mere faith that Rāma declared: “I realize this teaching with my own insight, and live having achieved it.”\nSurely he meditated knowing and seeing this teaching.’\nSo I approached Uddaka son of Rāma and said to him,\n‘Reverend, to what extent did Rāma say he’d realized this teaching with his own insight?’\nWhen I said this, Uddaka son of Rāma declared the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘It’s not just Rāma who had faith,\nenergy,\nmindfulness,\nimmersion,\nand wisdom; I too have these things.\nWhy don’t I make an effort to realize the same teaching that Rāma said he had realized with his own insight?’\nI quickly realized that teaching with my own insight, and lived having achieved it.\nSo I approached Uddaka son of Rāma and said to him,\n‘Reverend, had Rāma realized this teaching with his own insight up to this point, and declared having achieved it?’\n‘He had, reverend.’\n‘I too have realized this teaching with my own insight up to this point, and live having achieved it.’\n‘We are fortunate, reverend, so very fortunate\nto see a venerable such as yourself as one of our spiritual companions!\nSo the teaching that Rāma had realized with his own insight, and declared having achieved it, you’ve realized with your own insight, and dwell having achieved it. The teaching that you’ve realized with your own insight, and dwell having achieved it, Rāma had realized with his own insight, and declared having achieved it.\nSo the teaching that Rāma directly knew, you know, and the teaching you know, Rāma directly knew.\nRāma was like you and you are like Rāma.\nCome now, reverend! You should lead this community.’\nAnd that is how my spiritual companion Uddaka son of Rāma placed me in the position of a tutor and honored me with high praise.\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘This teaching doesn’t lead to disillusionment, dispassion, cessation, peace, insight, awakening, and extinguishment. It only leads as far as rebirth in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception.’\nRealizing that this teaching was inadequate, I left disappointed."}},{"id":"mn36:16","sourceIds":["mn36:16.1","mn36:16.2","mn36:16.3","mn36:16.4","mn36:16.5","mn36:16.6","mn36:16.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, kiṅkusalagavesī anuttaraṁ santivarapadaṁ pariyesamāno magadhesu anupubbena cārikaṁ caramāno yena uruvelā senānigamo tadavasariṁ.\nTatthaddasaṁ ramaṇīyaṁ bhūmibhāgaṁ, pāsādikañca vanasaṇḍaṁ, nadiñca sandantiṁ setakaṁ supatitthaṁ ramaṇīyaṁ, samantā ca gocaragāmaṁ.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘ramaṇīyo vata bho bhūmibhāgo, pāsādiko ca vanasaṇḍo, nadī ca sandati setakā supatitthā ramaṇīyā, samantā ca gocaragāmo.\nAlaṁ vatidaṁ kulaputtassa padhānatthikassa padhānāyā’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, tattheva nisīdiṁ\n‘alamidaṁ padhānāyā’ti.","en":"I set out to discover what is skillful, seeking the supreme state of sublime peace. Traveling stage by stage in the Magadhan lands, I arrived at the town of Senā in Uruvelā.\nThere I saw a delightful park, a lovely grove with a flowing river that was clean and charming, with smooth banks. And nearby was a village to resort to for alms.\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘This park is truly delightful, a lovely grove with a flowing river that’s clean and charming, with smooth banks. And nearby there’s a village to resort to for alms.\nThis is good enough for striving for a gentleman wanting to strive.’\nSo I sat down right there, thinking:\n‘This is good enough for striving.’"}},{"id":"mn36:17","sourceIds":["mn36:17.1","mn36:17.2","mn36:17.3","mn36:17.4","mn36:17.5","mn36:17.6","mn36:17.7","mn36:17.8","mn36:17.9","mn36:17.10","mn36:17.11","mn36:17.12","mn36:17.13"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Apissumaṁ, aggivessana, tisso upamā paṭibhaṁsu anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, allaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ sasnehaṁ udake nikkhittaṁ.\nAtha puriso āgaccheyya uttarāraṇiṁ ādāya:\n‘aggiṁ abhinibbattessāmi, tejo pātukarissāmī’ti.\nTaṁ kiṁ maññasi, aggivessana,\napi nu so puriso amuṁ allaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ sasnehaṁ, udake nikkhittaṁ, uttarāraṇiṁ ādāya abhimanthento aggiṁ abhinibbatteyya, tejo pātukareyyā”ti?\n“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.\n“Taṁ kissa hetu”?\n“Aduñhi, bho gotama, allaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ sasnehaṁ, tañca pana udake nikkhittaṁ.\nYāvadeva ca pana so puriso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā”ti.\n“Evameva kho, aggivessana, ye hi keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kāyena ceva cittena ca kāmehi avūpakaṭṭhā viharanti, yo ca nesaṁ kāmesu kāmacchando kāmasneho kāmamucchā kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho, so ca ajjhattaṁ na suppahīno hoti, na suppaṭippassaddho, opakkamikā cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, abhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya.\nNo cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, abhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya.\nAyaṁ kho maṁ, aggivessana, paṭhamā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.","en":"And then these three similes, which were neither supernaturally inspired, nor learned before in the past, occurred to me.\nSuppose there was a green, sappy log, and it was lying in water.\nThen a person comes along with a drill-stick, thinking\nto light a fire and produce heat.\nWhat do you think, Aggivessana?\nBy drilling the stick against that green, sappy log lying in water, could they light a fire and produce heat?”\n“No, worthy Gotama.\nWhy is that?\nBecause it’s a green, sappy log, and it’s lying in the water.\nThat person will eventually get weary and frustrated.”\n“In the same way, there are ascetics and brahmins who don’t live withdrawn in body and mind from sensual pleasures. They haven’t internally given up or stilled desire, affection, infatuation, thirst, and passion for sensual pleasures. Regardless of whether or not they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings due to exertion, they are incapable of knowledge and vision, of supreme awakening.\nThis was the first example that occurred to me."}},{"id":"mn36:18","sourceIds":["mn36:18.1","mn36:18.2","mn36:18.3","mn36:18.4","mn36:18.5","mn36:18.6","mn36:18.7","mn36:18.8","mn36:18.9","mn36:18.10","mn36:18.11","mn36:18.12"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Aparāpi kho maṁ, aggivessana, dutiyā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, allaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ sasnehaṁ, ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṁ.\nAtha puriso āgaccheyya uttarāraṇiṁ ādāya:\n‘aggiṁ abhinibbattessāmi, tejo pātukarissāmī’ti.\nTaṁ kiṁ maññasi, aggivessana,\napi nu so puriso amuṁ allaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ sasnehaṁ, ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṁ, uttarāraṇiṁ ādāya abhimanthento aggiṁ abhinibbatteyya tejo pātukareyyā”ti?\n“No hidaṁ, bho gotama”.\n“Taṁ kissa hetu”?\n“Aduñhi, bho gotama, allaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ sasnehaṁ, kiñcāpi ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṁ.\nYāvadeva ca pana so puriso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā”ti.\n“Evameva kho, aggivessana, ye hi keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kāyena ceva cittena ca kāmehi vūpakaṭṭhā viharanti, yo ca nesaṁ kāmesu kāmacchando kāmasneho kāmamucchā kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho so ca ajjhattaṁ na suppahīno hoti, na suppaṭippassaddho, opakkamikā cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, abhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya. No cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, abhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya.\nAyaṁ kho maṁ, aggivessana, dutiyā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā","en":"Then a second example occurred to me.\nSuppose there was a green, sappy log, and it was lying on dry land far from the water.\nThen a person comes along with a drill-stick, thinking\nto light a fire and produce heat.\nWhat do you think, Aggivessana?\nBy drilling the stick against that green, sappy log on dry land far from water, could they light a fire and produce heat?”\n“No, worthy Gotama.\nWhy not?\nBecause it’s still a green, sappy log, despite the fact that it’s lying on dry land far from water.\nThat person will eventually get weary and frustrated.”\n“In the same way, there are ascetics and brahmins who live withdrawn in body and mind from sensual pleasures. But they haven’t internally given up or stilled desire, affection, infatuation, thirst, and passion for sensual pleasures. Regardless of whether or not they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings due to exertion, they are incapable of knowledge and vision, of supreme awakening.\nThis was the second example that occurred to me."}},{"id":"mn36:19","sourceIds":["mn36:19.1","mn36:19.2","mn36:19.3","mn36:19.4","mn36:19.5","mn36:19.6","mn36:19.7","mn36:19.8","mn36:19.9","mn36:19.10","mn36:19.11","mn36:19.12"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Aparāpi kho maṁ, aggivessana, tatiyā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, sukkhaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ koḷāpaṁ, ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṁ.\nAtha puriso āgaccheyya uttarāraṇiṁ ādāya:\n‘aggiṁ abhinibbattessāmi, tejo pātukarissāmī’ti.\nTaṁ kiṁ maññasi, aggivessana,\napi nu so puriso amuṁ sukkhaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ koḷāpaṁ, ārakā udakā thale nikkhittaṁ, uttarāraṇiṁ ādāya abhimanthento aggiṁ abhinibbatteyya, tejo pātukareyyā”ti?\n“Evaṁ, bho gotama”.\n“Taṁ kissa hetu”?\n“Aduñhi, bho gotama, sukkhaṁ kaṭṭhaṁ koḷāpaṁ, tañca pana ārakā udakā thale nikkhittan”ti.\n“Evameva kho, aggivessana, ye hi keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kāyena ceva cittena ca kāmehi vūpakaṭṭhā viharanti, yo ca nesaṁ kāmesu kāmacchando kāmasneho kāmamucchā kāmapipāsā kāmapariḷāho, so ca ajjhattaṁ suppahīno hoti suppaṭippassaddho, opakkamikā cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, bhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya. No cepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, bhabbāva te ñāṇāya dassanāya anuttarāya sambodhāya.\nAyaṁ kho maṁ, aggivessana, tatiyā upamā paṭibhāsi anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.\nImā kho maṁ, aggivessana, tisso upamā paṭibhaṁsu anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā.","en":"Then a third example occurred to me.\nSuppose there was a dried up, withered log, and it was lying on dry land far from the water.\nThen a person comes along with a drill-stick, thinking\nto light a fire and produce heat.\nWhat do you think, Aggivessana?\nBy drilling the stick against that dried up, withered log on dry land far from water, could they light a fire and produce heat?”\n“Yes, worthy Gotama.\nWhy is that?\nBecause it’s a dried up, withered log, and it’s lying on dry land far from water.”\n“In the same way, there are ascetics and brahmins who live withdrawn in body and mind from sensual pleasures. And they have internally given up and stilled desire, affection, infatuation, thirst, and passion for sensual pleasures. Regardless of whether or not they suffer painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings due to exertion, they are capable of knowledge and vision, of supreme awakening.\nThis was the third example that occurred to me.\nThese are the three similes, which were neither supernaturally inspired, nor learned before in the past, that occurred to me."}},{"id":"mn36:20","sourceIds":["mn36:20.1","mn36:20.2","mn36:20.3","mn36:20.4","mn36:20.5","mn36:20.6","mn36:20.7","mn36:20.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ dantebhi dantamādhāya, jivhāya tāluṁ āhacca, cetasā cittaṁ abhiniggaṇheyyaṁ abhinippīḷeyyaṁ abhisantāpeyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, dantebhi dantamādhāya, jivhāya tāluṁ āhacca, cetasā cittaṁ abhiniggaṇhāmi abhinippīḷemi abhisantāpemi.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, dantebhi dantamādhāya jivhāya tāluṁ āhacca cetasā cittaṁ abhiniggaṇhato abhinippīḷayato abhisantāpayato kacchehi sedā muccanti.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, balavā puriso dubbalataraṁ purisaṁ sīse vā gahetvā khandhe vā gahetvā abhiniggaṇheyya abhinippīḷeyya abhisantāpeyya;\nevameva kho me, aggivessana, dantebhi dantamādhāya, jivhāya tāluṁ āhacca, cetasā cittaṁ abhiniggaṇhato abhinippīḷayato abhisantāpayato kacchehi sedā muccanti.\nĀraddhaṁ kho pana me, aggivessana, vīriyaṁ hoti asallīnaṁ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why don’t I, with teeth clenched and tongue pressed against the roof of my mouth, squeeze, squash, and scorch mind with mind?’\nSo that’s what I did,\nuntil sweat ran from my armpits.\nIt was like when a strong man grabs a weaker man by the head or throat or shoulder and squeezes, squashes, and crushes them.\nIn the same way, with teeth clenched and tongue pressed against the roof of my mouth, I squeezed, squashed, and crushed mind with mind until sweat ran from my armpits.\nMy energy was roused up and unflagging, and my mindfulness was established and lucid, but my body was disturbed, not tranquil, because I’d pushed too hard with that painful striving.\nBut even such painful feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:21","sourceIds":["mn36:21.1","mn36:21.2","mn36:21.3","mn36:21.4","mn36:21.5","mn36:21.6","mn36:21.7","mn36:21.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ appāṇakaṁyeva jhānaṁ jhāyeyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṁ.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu kaṇṇasotehi vātānaṁ nikkhamantānaṁ adhimatto saddo hoti.\nSeyyathāpi nāma kammāragaggariyā dhamamānāya adhimatto saddo hoti;\nevameva kho me, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu kaṇṇasotehi vātānaṁ nikkhamantānaṁ adhimatto saddo hoti.\nĀraddhaṁ kho pana me, aggivessana, vīriyaṁ hoti asallīnaṁ upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā. Sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why don’t I practice the breathless absorption?’\nSo I cut off my breathing through my mouth and nose.\nBut then winds came out my ears making a loud noise,\nlike the puffing of a blacksmith’s bellows.\nMy energy was roused up and unflagging, and my mindfulness was established and lucid, but my body was disturbed, not tranquil, because I’d pushed too hard with that painful striving.\nBut even such painful feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:22","sourceIds":["mn36:22.1","mn36:22.2","mn36:22.3","mn36:22.4","mn36:22.5","mn36:22.6","mn36:22.7","mn36:22.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ appāṇakaṁyeva jhānaṁ jhāyeyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṁ.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā vātā muddhani ūhananti.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, balavā puriso tiṇhena sikharena muddhani abhimattheyya;\nevameva kho me, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā vātā muddhani ūhananti.\nĀraddhaṁ kho pana me, aggivessana, vīriyaṁ hoti asallīnaṁ upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā. Sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why don’t I keep practicing the breathless absorption?’\nSo I cut off my breathing through my mouth and nose and ears.\nBut then strong winds ground my head,\nlike a strong man was drilling into my head with a sharp point.\nMy energy was roused up and unflagging, and my mindfulness was established and lucid, but my body was disturbed, not tranquil, because I’d pushed too hard with that painful striving.\nBut even such painful feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:23","sourceIds":["mn36:23.1","mn36:23.2","mn36:23.3","mn36:23.4","mn36:23.5","mn36:23.6","mn36:23.7","mn36:23.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ appāṇakaṁyeva jhānaṁ jhāyeyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṁ.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā sīse sīsavedanā honti.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, balavā puriso daḷhena varattakkhaṇḍena sīse sīsaveṭhaṁ dadeyya;\nevameva kho me, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā sīse sīsavedanā honti.\nĀraddhaṁ kho pana me, aggivessana, vīriyaṁ hoti asallīnaṁ upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā. Sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why don’t I keep practicing the breathless absorption?’\nSo I cut off my breathing through my mouth and nose and ears.\nBut then I got a severe headache,\nlike a strong man was tightening a strong leather strap around my head.\nMy energy was roused up and unflagging, and my mindfulness was established and lucid, but my body was disturbed, not tranquil, because I’d pushed too hard with that painful striving.\nBut even such painful feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:24","sourceIds":["mn36:24.1","mn36:24.2","mn36:24.3","mn36:24.4","mn36:24.5","mn36:24.6","mn36:24.7","mn36:24.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ appāṇakaṁyeva jhānaṁ jhāyeyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṁ.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā vātā kucchiṁ parikantanti.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā tiṇhena govikantanena kucchiṁ parikanteyya;\nevameva kho me, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimattā vātā kucchiṁ parikantanti.\nĀraddhaṁ kho pana me, aggivessana, vīriyaṁ hoti asallīnaṁ upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā. Sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why don’t I keep practicing the breathless absorption?’\nSo I cut off my breathing through my mouth and nose and ears.\nBut then strong winds carved up my belly,\nlike a deft butcher or their apprentice was slicing my belly open with a sharp meat cleaver.\nMy energy was roused up and unflagging, and my mindfulness was established and lucid, but my body was disturbed, not tranquil, because I’d pushed too hard with that painful striving.\nBut even such painful feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:25","sourceIds":["mn36:25.1","mn36:25.2","mn36:25.3","mn36:25.4","mn36:25.5","mn36:25.6","mn36:25.7","mn36:25.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ appāṇakaṁyeva jhānaṁ jhāyeyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāse uparundhiṁ.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimatto kāyasmiṁ ḍāho hoti.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, dve balavanto purisā dubbalataraṁ purisaṁ nānābāhāsu gahetvā aṅgārakāsuyā santāpeyyuṁ samparitāpeyyuṁ;\nevameva kho me, aggivessana, mukhato ca nāsato ca kaṇṇato ca assāsapassāsesu uparuddhesu adhimatto kāyasmiṁ ḍāho hoti.\nĀraddhaṁ kho pana me, aggivessana, vīriyaṁ hoti asallīnaṁ upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā. Sāraddho ca pana me kāyo hoti appaṭippassaddho teneva dukkhappadhānena padhānābhitunnassa sato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā dukkhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why don’t I keep practicing the breathless absorption?’\nSo I cut off my breathing through my mouth and nose and ears.\nBut then there was a severe burning in my body,\nlike two strong men grabbing a weaker man by the arms to burn and scorch him on a pit of glowing coals.\nMy energy was roused up and unflagging, and my mindfulness was established and lucid, but my body was disturbed, not tranquil, because I’d pushed too hard with that painful striving.\nBut even such painful feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:26","sourceIds":["mn36:26.1","mn36:26.2","mn36:26.3","mn36:26.4","mn36:26.5","mn36:26.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Apissu maṁ, aggivessana, devatā disvā evamāhaṁsu:\n‘kālaṅkato samaṇo gotamo’ti.\nEkaccā devatā evamāhaṁsu:\n‘na kālaṅkato samaṇo gotamo, api ca kālaṁ karotī’ti.\nEkaccā devatā evamāhaṁsu:\n‘na kālaṅkato samaṇo gotamo, napi kālaṁ karoti, arahaṁ samaṇo gotamo, vihāro tveva so arahato evarūpo hotī’ti.","en":"Then some deities saw me and said,\n‘The ascetic Gotama is dead.’\nOthers said,\n‘He’s not dead, but he’s dying.’\nOthers said,\n‘He’s not dead or dying. The ascetic Gotama is a perfected one, for that is how the perfected ones live.’"}},{"id":"mn36:27","sourceIds":["mn36:27.1","mn36:27.2","mn36:27.3","mn36:27.4","mn36:27.5","mn36:27.6","mn36:27.7","mn36:27.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ sabbaso āhārupacchedāya paṭipajjeyyan’ti.\nAtha kho maṁ, aggivessana, devatā upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṁ:\n‘mā kho tvaṁ, mārisa, sabbaso āhārupacchedāya paṭipajji.\nSace kho tvaṁ, mārisa, sabbaso āhārupacchedāya paṭipajjissasi, tassa te mayaṁ dibbaṁ ojaṁ lomakūpehi ajjhohāressāma, tāya tvaṁ yāpessasī’ti.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘ahañceva kho pana sabbaso ajajjitaṁ paṭijāneyyaṁ, imā ca me devatā dibbaṁ ojaṁ lomakūpehi ajjhohāreyyuṁ, tāya cāhaṁ yāpeyyaṁ, taṁ mamassa musā’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, tā devatā paccācikkhāmi, ‘halan’ti vadāmi.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why don’t I practice completely cutting off food?’\nBut deities came to me and said,\n‘Good fellow, don’t practice totally cutting off food.\nIf you do, we’ll infuse heavenly nectar into your pores and you will live on that.’\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘If I claim to be completely fasting while these deities are infusing heavenly nectar in my pores, that would be a lie on my part.’\nSo I refused those deities, saying, ‘There’s no need.’"}},{"id":"mn36:28","sourceIds":["mn36:28.1","mn36:28.2","mn36:28.3","mn36:28.4","mn36:28.5","mn36:28.6","mn36:28.7","mn36:28.8","mn36:28.9","mn36:28.10","mn36:28.11","mn36:28.12","mn36:28.13"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ thokaṁ thokaṁ āhāraṁ āhāreyyaṁ, pasataṁ pasataṁ, yadi vā muggayūsaṁ, yadi vā kulatthayūsaṁ, yadi vā kaḷāyayūsaṁ, yadi vā hareṇukayūsan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, thokaṁ thokaṁ āhāraṁ āhāresiṁ, pasataṁ pasataṁ, yadi vā muggayūsaṁ, yadi vā kulatthayūsaṁ, yadi vā kaḷāyayūsaṁ, yadi vā hareṇukayūsaṁ.\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, thokaṁ thokaṁ āhāraṁ āhārayato, pasataṁ pasataṁ, yadi vā muggayūsaṁ, yadi vā kulatthayūsaṁ, yadi vā kaḷāyayūsaṁ, yadi vā hareṇukayūsaṁ, adhimattakasimānaṁ patto kāyo hoti.\nSeyyathāpi nāma āsītikapabbāni vā kāḷapabbāni vā; evamevassu me aṅgapaccaṅgāni bhavanti tāyevappāhāratāya.\nSeyyathāpi nāma oṭṭhapadaṁ; evamevassu me ānisadaṁ hoti tāyevappāhāratāya.\nSeyyathāpi nāma vaṭṭanāvaḷī; evamevassu me piṭṭhikaṇṭako uṇṇatāvanato hoti tāyevappāhāratāya.\nSeyyathāpi nāma jarasālāya gopānasiyo oluggaviluggā bhavanti; evamevassu me phāsuḷiyo oluggaviluggā bhavanti tāyevappāhāratāya.\nSeyyathāpi nāma gambhīre udapāne udakatārakā gambhīragatā okkhāyikā dissanti; evamevassu me akkhikūpesu akkhitārakā gambhīragatā okkhāyikā dissanti tāyevappāhāratāya.\nSeyyathāpi nāma tittakālābu āmakacchinno vātātapena samphuṭito hoti sammilāto; evamevassu me sīsacchavi samphuṭitā hoti sammilātā tāyevappāhāratāya.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, udaracchaviṁ parimasissāmīti piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṁyeva pariggaṇhāmi, piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṁ parimasissāmīti udaracchaviṁyeva pariggaṇhāmi, yāvassu me, aggivessana, udaracchavi piṭṭhikaṇṭakaṁ allīnā hoti tāyevappāhāratāya.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, vaccaṁ vā muttaṁ vā karissāmīti tattheva avakujjo papatāmi tāyevappāhāratāya.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, imameva kāyaṁ assāsento pāṇinā gattāni anumajjāmi. Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, pāṇinā gattāni anumajjato pūtimūlāni lomāni kāyasmā papatanti tāyevappāhāratāya.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why don’t I just take a little bit of food each time, a handful of broth made from mung beans, horse gram, chickpeas, or green gram?’\nSo that’s what I did,\nuntil my body became severely emaciated.\nDue to eating so little, my major and minor limbs became like the joints of an eighty-year-old or a dying man,\nmy bottom became like a camel’s hoof,\nmy vertebrae stuck out like beads on a string,\nand my ribs were as gaunt as the broken-down rafters on an old barn.\nDue to eating so little, the gleam of my eyes sank deep in their sockets, like the gleam of water sunk deep down a well.\nDue to eating so little, my scalp shriveled and withered like a green bitter-gourd in the wind and sun.\nDue to eating so little, the skin of my belly stuck to my backbone, so that when I tried to rub the skin of my belly I grabbed my backbone, and when I tried to rub my backbone I rubbed the skin of my belly.\nDue to eating so little, when I tried to urinate or defecate I fell face down right there.\nDue to eating so little, when I tried to relieve my body by rubbing my limbs with my hands, the hair, rotted at its roots, fell out."}},{"id":"mn36:29","sourceIds":["mn36:29.1","mn36:29.2","mn36:29.3","mn36:29.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Apissu maṁ, aggivessana, manussā disvā evamāhaṁsu: ‘kāḷo samaṇo gotamo’ti.\nEkacce manussā evamāhaṁsu: ‘na kāḷo samaṇo gotamo, sāmo samaṇo gotamo’ti.\nEkacce manussā evamāhaṁsu: ‘na kāḷo samaṇo gotamo, napi sāmo, maṅguracchavi samaṇo gotamo’ti.\nYāvassu me, aggivessana, tāva parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto upahato hoti tāyevappāhāratāya.","en":"Then some people saw me and said: ‘The ascetic Gotama is black.’\nSome said: ‘He’s not black, he’s brown.’\nSome said: ‘He’s neither black nor brown. The ascetic Gotama has dingy skin.’\nThat’s how far the pure, bright complexion of my skin had been ruined by taking so little food."}},{"id":"mn36:30","sourceIds":["mn36:30.1","mn36:30.2","mn36:30.3","mn36:30.4","mn36:30.5","mn36:30.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci atītamaddhānaṁ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayiṁsu, etāvaparamaṁ, nayito bhiyyo.\nYepi hi keci anāgatamaddhānaṁ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayissanti, etāvaparamaṁ, nayito bhiyyo.\nYepi hi keci etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā opakkamikā dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedayanti, etāvaparamaṁ, nayito bhiyyo.\nNa kho panāhaṁ imāya kaṭukāya dukkarakārikāya adhigacchāmi uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṁ.\nSiyā nu kho añño maggo bodhāyā’ti?","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Whatever ascetics and brahmins have experienced painful, sharp, severe, acute feelings due to exertion—whether in the past, future, or present—this is as far as it goes, no-one has done more than this.\nBut I have not achieved any superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones by this severe, grueling work.\nCould there be another path to awakening?’"}},{"id":"mn36:31","sourceIds":["mn36:31.1","mn36:31.2","mn36:31.3","mn36:31.4","mn36:31.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘abhijānāmi kho panāhaṁ pitu sakkassa kammante sītāya jambucchāyāya nisinno vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharitā.\nSiyā nu kho eso maggo bodhāyā’ti?\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, satānusāri viññāṇaṁ ahosi:\n‘eseva maggo bodhāyā’ti.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘I recall sitting in the cool shade of a black plum tree while my father the Sakyan was off working. Quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, I entered and remained in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.\nCould that be the path to awakening?’\nStemming from that memory came the understanding:\n‘That is the path to awakening!’"}},{"id":"mn36:32","sourceIds":["mn36:32.1","mn36:32.2","mn36:32.3","mn36:32.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘kiṁ nu kho ahaṁ tassa sukhassa bhāyāmi, yaṁ taṁ sukhaṁ aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehī’ti?\nTassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘na kho ahaṁ tassa sukhassa bhāyāmi, yaṁ taṁ sukhaṁ aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehī’ti.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘Why am I afraid of that pleasure, for it has nothing to do with sensual pleasures or unskillful qualities?’\nThen it occurred to me,\n‘I’m not afraid of that pleasure, for it has nothing to do with sensual pleasures or unskillful qualities.’"}},{"id":"mn36:33","sourceIds":["mn36:33.1","mn36:33.2","mn36:33.3","mn36:33.4","mn36:33.5","mn36:33.6","mn36:33.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, aggivessana, etadahosi:\n‘na kho taṁ sukaraṁ sukhaṁ adhigantuṁ evaṁ adhimattakasimānaṁ pattakāyena, yannūnāhaṁ oḷārikaṁ āhāraṁ āhāreyyaṁ odanakummāsan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, oḷārikaṁ āhāraṁ āhāresiṁ odanakummāsaṁ.\nTena kho pana maṁ, aggivessana, samayena pañca bhikkhū paccupaṭṭhitā honti:\n‘yaṁ kho samaṇo gotamo dhammaṁ adhigamissati, taṁ no ārocessatī’ti.\nYato kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, oḷārikaṁ āhāraṁ āhāresiṁ odanakummāsaṁ, atha me te pañca bhikkhū nibbijja pakkamiṁsu:\n‘bāhulliko samaṇo gotamo, padhānavibbhanto, āvatto bāhullāyā’ti.","en":"Then it occurred to me,\n‘I can’t achieve that pleasure with a body so severely emaciated. Why don’t I eat some solid food, some rice and porridge?’\nSo I ate some solid food.\nNow at that time the group of five mendicants were attending on me, thinking,\n‘The ascetic Gotama will tell us of any truth that he realizes.’\nBut when I ate some solid food, they left disappointed in me, saying,\n‘The ascetic Gotama has become indulgent; he has strayed from the struggle and returned to indulgence.’"}},{"id":"mn36:34","sourceIds":["mn36:34.1","mn36:34.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, oḷārikaṁ āhāraṁ āhāretvā, balaṁ gahetvā, vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"After eating solid food and gathering my strength, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, I entered and remained in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.\nBut even such pleasant feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:35-37","sourceIds":["mn36:35-37.1","mn36:35-37.2","mn36:35-37.3","mn36:35-37.4","mn36:35-37.5","mn36:35-37.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā ajjhattaṁ sampasādanaṁ cetaso ekodibhāvaṁ avitakkaṁ avicāraṁ samādhijaṁ pītisukhaṁ dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.\nPītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca vihāsiṁ, sato ca sampajāno. Sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṁvedesiṁ yaṁ taṁ ariyā ācikkhanti: ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.\nSukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā, pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṁ atthaṅgamā, adukkhamasukhaṁ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṁ catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"As the placing of the mind and keeping it connected were stilled, I entered and remained in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.\nBut even such pleasant feeling did not occupy my mind.\nAnd with the fading away of rapture, I entered and remained in the third absorption, where I meditated with equanimity, mindful and aware, experiencing for themselves the bliss of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and mindful, one meditates in bliss.’\nBut even such pleasant feeling did not occupy my mind.\nWith the giving up of pleasure and pain, and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, I entered and remained in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness.\nBut even such pleasant feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:38","sourceIds":["mn36:38.1","mn36:38.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ.\nSo anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarāmi, seyyathidaṁ—ekampi jātiṁ …pe… iti sākāraṁ sauddesaṁ anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarāmi.","en":"When my mind had immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward recollection of past lives.\nI recollected my many kinds of past lives, with features and details."}},{"id":"mn36:39","sourceIds":["mn36:39.1","mn36:39.2","mn36:39.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ kho me, aggivessana, rattiyā paṭhame yāme paṭhamā vijjā adhigatā;\navijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno; yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"This was the first knowledge, which I achieved in the first watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute.\nBut even such pleasant feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:40","sourceIds":["mn36:40.1","mn36:40.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṁ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ.\nSo dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi …pe…","en":"When my mind had immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward knowledge of the death and rebirth of sentient beings.\nWith clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, I saw sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. I understood how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds."}},{"id":"mn36:41","sourceIds":["mn36:41.1","mn36:41.2","mn36:41.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"ayaṁ kho me, aggivessana, rattiyā majjhime yāme dutiyā vijjā adhigatā;\navijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno; yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"This was the second knowledge, which I achieved in the middle watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute.\nBut even such pleasant feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:42","sourceIds":["mn36:42.1","mn36:42.2","mn36:42.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṁ khayañāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ.\nSo ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ.\n‘Ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ.","en":"When my mind had immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward knowledge of the ending of defilements.\nI truly understood: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering.’\nI truly understood: ‘These are defilements’ … ‘This is the origin of defilements’ … ‘This is the cessation of defilements’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of defilements.’"}},{"id":"mn36:43","sourceIds":["mn36:43.1","mn36:43.2","mn36:43.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa me evaṁ jānato evaṁ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha, bhavāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha, avijjāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha.\nVimuttasmiṁ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṁ ahosi.\n‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyā’ti abbhaññāsiṁ.","en":"Knowing and seeing like this, my mind was freed from the defilements of sensuality, desire to be reborn, and ignorance.\nWhen it was freed, I knew it was freed.\nI understood: ‘Rebirth is ended; the spiritual journey has been completed; what had to be done has been done; there is nothing further for this place.’"}},{"id":"mn36:44","sourceIds":["mn36:44.1","mn36:44.2","mn36:44.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ kho me, aggivessana, rattiyā pacchime yāme tatiyā vijjā adhigatā;\navijjā vihatā, vijjā uppannā; tamo vihato, āloko uppanno; yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.\nEvarūpāpi kho me, aggivessana, uppannā sukhā vedanā cittaṁ na pariyādāya tiṭṭhati.","en":"This was the third knowledge, which I achieved in the last watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute.\nBut even such pleasant feeling did not occupy my mind."}},{"id":"mn36:45","sourceIds":["mn36:45.1","mn36:45.2","mn36:45.3","mn36:45.4","mn36:45.5","mn36:45.6","mn36:45.7","mn36:45.8"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Abhijānāmi kho panāhaṁ, aggivessana, anekasatāya parisāya dhammaṁ desetā.\nApissu maṁ ekameko evaṁ maññati:\n‘mamevārabbha samaṇo gotamo dhammaṁ desetī’ti.\nNa kho panetaṁ, aggivessana, evaṁ daṭṭhabbaṁ;\nyāvadeva viññāpanatthāya tathāgato paresaṁ dhammaṁ deseti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, aggivessana, tassāyeva kathāya pariyosāne, tasmiṁyeva purimasmiṁ samādhinimitte ajjhattameva cittaṁ saṇṭhapemi sannisādemi ekodiṁ karomi samādahāmi, yena sudaṁ niccakappaṁ viharāmī”ti.\n“Okappaniyametaṁ bhoto gotamassa yathā taṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassa.\nAbhijānāti kho pana bhavaṁ gotamo divā supitā”ti?","en":"Aggivessana, I recall teaching the Dhamma to an assembly of many hundreds,\nand each person thought\nthat I was teaching the Dhamma especially for them.\nBut it should not be seen like this.\nThe Realized One teaches others only so that they can understand.\nWhen that talk was finished, I stilled, settled, unified, and immersed my mind in samādhi internally in the same meditation subject as a basis of immersion as before, in which I regularly meditate.”\n“I’d believe that of the worthy Gotama, just like a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha.\nBut do you ever recall sleeping during the day?”"}},{"id":"mn36:46","sourceIds":["mn36:46.1","mn36:46.2","mn36:46.3","mn36:46.4","mn36:46.5","mn36:46.6","mn36:46.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Abhijānāmahaṁ, aggivessana, gimhānaṁ pacchime māse pacchābhattaṁ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto catugguṇaṁ saṅghāṭiṁ paññapetvā dakkhiṇena passena sato sampajāno niddaṁ okkamitā”ti.\n“Etaṁ kho, bho gotama, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammohavihārasmiṁ vadantī”ti?\n“Na kho, aggivessana, ettāvatā sammūḷho vā hoti asammūḷho vā.\nApi ca, aggivessana, yathā sammūḷho ca hoti asammūḷho ca,\ntaṁ suṇāhi, sādhukaṁ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī”ti.\n“Evaṁ, bho”ti kho saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavato paccassosi.\nBhagavā etadavoca:","en":"“I do recall that in the last month of the summer, I have spread out my outer robe folded in four and lain down in the lion’s posture—on the right side, placing one foot on top of the other—mindful and aware.”\n“Some ascetics and brahmins call that a deluded abiding.”\n“That’s not how to define whether someone is deluded or not.\nBut as to how to define whether someone is deluded or not,\nlisten and apply your mind well, I will speak.”\n“Yes, worthy sir,” replied Saccaka.\nThe Buddha said this:"}},{"id":"mn36:47","sourceIds":["mn36:47.1","mn36:47.2","mn36:47.3","mn36:47.4","mn36:47.5","mn36:47.6","mn36:47.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Yassa kassaci, aggivessana, ye āsavā saṅkilesikā ponobbhavikā sadarā dukkhavipākā āyatiṁ jātijarāmaraṇiyā appahīnā, tamahaṁ ‘sammūḷho’ti vadāmi.\nĀsavānañhi, aggivessana, appahānā sammūḷho hoti.\nYassa kassaci, aggivessana, ye āsavā saṅkilesikā ponobbhavikā sadarā dukkhavipākā āyatiṁ jātijarāmaraṇiyā pahīnā, tamahaṁ ‘asammūḷho’ti vadāmi.\nĀsavānañhi, aggivessana, pahānā asammūḷho hoti.\nTathāgatassa kho, aggivessana, ye āsavā saṅkilesikā ponobbhavikā sadarā dukkhavipākā āyatiṁ jātijarāmaraṇiyā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā.\nSeyyathāpi, aggivessana, tālo matthakacchinno abhabbo puna virūḷhiyā;\nevameva kho, aggivessana, tathāgatassa ye āsavā saṅkilesikā ponobbhavikā sadarā dukkhavipākā āyatiṁ jātijarāmaraṇiyā pahīnā ucchinnamūlā tālāvatthukatā anabhāvaṅkatā āyatiṁ anuppādadhammā”ti.","en":"“Anyone who has not given up the defilements that are corrupting, leading to future lives, hurtful, resulting in suffering and future rebirth, old age, and death is deluded, I say.\nFor it’s not giving up the defilements that makes you deluded.\nAnyone who has given up the defilements that are corrupting, leading to future lives, hurtful, resulting in suffering and future rebirth, old age, and death—is not deluded, I say.\nFor it’s giving up the defilements that makes you not deluded.\nThe Realized One has given up the defilements that are corrupting, leading to future lives, hurtful, resulting in suffering and future rebirth, old age, and death. He has cut them off at the root, made them like a palm stump, obliterated them so they are unable to arise in the future.\nJust as a palm tree with its crown cut off is incapable of further growth,\nin the same way, the Realized One has given up the defilements so they are unable to arise in the future.”"}},{"id":"mn36:48","sourceIds":["mn36:48.1","mn36:48.2","mn36:48.3","mn36:48.4","mn36:48.5","mn36:48.6","mn36:48.7","mn36:48.8","mn36:48.9","mn36:48.10","mn36:48.11","mn36:48.12","mn36:48.13","mn36:48.14","mn36:48.15","mn36:48.16","mn36:48.17","mn36:48.18"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ vutte, saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“acchariyaṁ, bho gotama, abbhutaṁ, bho gotama.\nYāvañcidaṁ bhoto gotamassa evaṁ āsajja āsajja vuccamānassa, upanītehi vacanappathehi samudācariyamānassa, chavivaṇṇo ceva pariyodāyati, mukhavaṇṇo ca vippasīdati, yathā taṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassa.\nAbhijānāmahaṁ, bho gotama, pūraṇaṁ kassapaṁ vādena vādaṁ samārabhitā.\nSopi mayā vādena vādaṁ samāraddho aññenaññaṁ paṭicari, bahiddhā kathaṁ apanāmesi, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātvākāsi.\nBhoto pana gotamassa evaṁ āsajja āsajja vuccamānassa, upanītehi vacanappathehi samudācariyamānassa, chavivaṇṇo ceva pariyodāyati, mukhavaṇṇo ca vippasīdati, yathā taṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassa.\nAbhijānāmahaṁ, bho gotama, makkhaliṁ gosālaṁ …pe…\najitaṁ kesakambalaṁ …\npakudhaṁ kaccāyanaṁ …\nsañjayaṁ belaṭṭhaputtaṁ …\nnigaṇṭhaṁ nāṭaputtaṁ vādena vādaṁ samārabhitā.\nSopi mayā vādena vādaṁ samāraddho aññenaññaṁ paṭicari, bahiddhā kathaṁ apanāmesi, kopañca dosañca appaccayañca pātvākāsi.\nBhoto pana gotamassa evaṁ āsajja āsajja vuccamānassa, upanītehi vacanappathehi samudācariyamānassa, chavivaṇṇo ceva pariyodāyati, mukhavaṇṇo ca vippasīdati, yathā taṁ arahato sammāsambuddhassa.\nHanda ca dāni mayaṁ, bho gotama, gacchāma.\nBahukiccā mayaṁ, bahukaraṇīyā”ti.\n“Yassadāni tvaṁ, aggivessana, kālaṁ maññasī”ti.\nAtha kho saccako nigaṇṭhaputto bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmīti.\nMahāsaccakasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ chaṭṭhaṁ.","en":"When he had spoken, Saccaka said to him,\n“It’s incredible, worthy Gotama, it’s amazing!\nHow when the worthy Gotama is repeatedly attacked with inappropriate and intrusive criticism, the complexion of his skin brightens and the color of his face becomes clear, just like a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha!\nI recall taking on Pūraṇa Kassapa in debate.\nHe dodged the issue, distracting the discussion with irrelevant points, and displaying annoyance, hate, and bitterness.\nBut when the worthy Gotama is repeatedly attacked with inappropriate and intrusive criticism, the complexion of his skin brightens and the color of his face becomes clear, just like a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha.\nI recall taking on the bamboo-staffed ascetic Gosāla,\nAjita of the hair blanket,\nPakudha Kaccāyana,\nSañjaya Belaṭṭhiputta,\nand the Jain ascetic of the Ñātika clan in debate.\nThey all dodged the issue, distracting the discussion with irrelevant points, and displaying annoyance, hate, and bitterness.\nBut when the worthy Gotama is repeatedly attacked with inappropriate and intrusive criticism, the complexion of his skin brightens and the color of his face becomes clear, just like a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha.\nWell, now, worthy Gotama, I must go.\nI have many duties, and much to do.”\n“Please, Aggivessana, go at your convenience.”\nThen Saccaka, the son of Jain parents, having approved and agreed with what the Buddha said, rose from his seat and left."}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/mn36/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}