{"id":"mn4","title":"Fear and Dread","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"mn4","title":"Fear and Dread","units":[{"id":"mn4:0","sourceIds":["mn4:0.1","mn4:0.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Majjhima Nikāya 4\nBhayabheravasutta","en":"Middle Discourses 4\nFear and Dread"}},{"id":"mn4:1","sourceIds":["mn4:1.1","mn4:1.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ me sutaṁ—\nekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.","en":"So I have heard.\nAt one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery."}},{"id":"mn4:2","sourceIds":["mn4:2.1","mn4:2.2","mn4:2.3","mn4:2.4","mn4:2.5","mn4:2.6","mn4:2.7","mn4:2.8","mn4:2.9","mn4:2.10","mn4:2.11","mn4:2.12"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodi.\nSammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:\n“yeme, bho gotama, kulaputtā bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ uddissa saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitā, bhavaṁ tesaṁ gotamo pubbaṅgamo, bhavaṁ tesaṁ gotamo bahukāro, bhavaṁ tesaṁ gotamo samādapetā;\nbhoto ca pana gotamassa sā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṁ āpajjatī”ti.\n“Evametaṁ, brāhmaṇa, evametaṁ, brāhmaṇa.\nYe te, brāhmaṇa, kulaputtā mamaṁ uddissa saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitā, ahaṁ tesaṁ pubbaṅgamo, ahaṁ tesaṁ bahukāro, ahaṁ tesaṁ samādapetā;\nmama ca pana sā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṁ āpajjatī”ti.\n“Durabhisambhavāni hi kho, bho gotama, araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni, dukkaraṁ pavivekaṁ, durabhiramaṁ ekatte,\nharanti maññe mano vanāni samādhiṁ alabhamānassa bhikkhuno”ti.\n“Evametaṁ, brāhmaṇa, evametaṁ, brāhmaṇa.\nDurabhisambhavāni hi kho, brāhmaṇa, araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni, dukkaraṁ pavivekaṁ, durabhiramaṁ ekatte,\nharanti maññe mano vanāni samādhiṁ alabhamānassa bhikkhuno.","en":"Then the brahmin Jānussoṇi went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him.\nWhen the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to the Buddha:\n“Worthy Gotama, those gentlemen who, out of faith in you, have gone forth from the lay life to homelessness have you to lead the way, help them out, and give them encouragement.\nAnd those people follow the worthy Gotama’s example.”\n“That’s so true, brahmin! Everything you say is true, brahmin!”\n“But worthy Gotama, remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest are challenging. It’s hard to maintain seclusion and hard to find joy in solitude.\nThe forests seem to rob the mind of a mendicant who isn’t immersed in samādhi.”\n“That’s so true, brahmin! Everything you say is true, brahmin!"}},{"id":"mn4:3","sourceIds":["mn4:3.1","mn4:3.2","mn4:3.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Mayhampi kho, brāhmaṇa, pubbeva sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi:\n‘durabhisambhavāni hi kho araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni, dukkaraṁ pavivekaṁ, durabhiramaṁ ekatte,\nharanti maññe mano vanāni samādhiṁ alabhamānassa bhikkhuno’ti.","en":"Before my awakening—when I was still unawakened but intent on awakening—I too thought,\n‘Remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest are challenging. It’s hard to maintain seclusion and hard to find joy in solitude.\nThe forests seem to rob the mind of a mendicant who isn’t immersed in samādhi.’"}},{"id":"mn4:4","sourceIds":["mn4:4.1","mn4:4.2","mn4:4.3","mn4:4.4","mn4:4.5","mn4:4.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā aparisuddhakāyakammantā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, aparisuddhakāyakammantasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ aparisuddhakāyakammanto araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nparisuddhakāyakammantohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā parisuddhakāyakammantā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, parisuddhakāyakammataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"Then I thought,\n‘There are ascetics and brahmins with unpurified conduct of body, speech, and mind who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest. Those ascetics and brahmins summon unskillful fear and dread because of these defects in their conduct.\nBut I don’t frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest with unpurified conduct of body, speech, and mind.\nMy conduct is purified.\nI am one of those noble ones who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest with purified conduct of body, speech, and mind.’\nSeeing this purity of conduct in myself I felt even more unruffled about staying in the forest."}},{"id":"mn4:5","sourceIds":["mn4:5.1","mn4:5.2","mn4:5.3","mn4:5.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā aparisuddhavacīkammantā …pe…\naparisuddhamanokammantā …pe…\naparisuddhājīvā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, aparisuddhājīvasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.","en":"Then I thought,\n‘There are ascetics and brahmins with unpurified livelihood who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest. Those ascetics and brahmins summon unskillful fear and dread because of these defects in their livelihood."}},{"id":"mn4:6","sourceIds":["mn4:6.1","mn4:6.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Na kho panāhaṁ aparisuddhājīvo araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nparisuddhājīvohamasmi.","en":"But I don’t frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest with unpurified livelihood.\nMy livelihood is purified."}},{"id":"mn4:7","sourceIds":["mn4:7.1","mn4:7.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ye hi vo ariyā parisuddhājīvā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, parisuddhājīvataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"I am one of those noble ones who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest with purified livelihood.’\nSeeing this purity of livelihood in myself I felt even more unruffled about staying in the forest."}},{"id":"mn4:8","sourceIds":["mn4:8.1","mn4:8.2","mn4:8.3","mn4:8.4","mn4:8.5","mn4:8.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā abhijjhālū kāmesu tibbasārāgā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, abhijjhālukāmesutibbasārāgasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ abhijjhālu kāmesu tibbasārāgo araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nanabhijjhālūhamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā anabhijjhālū araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, anabhijjhālutaṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"Then I thought,\n‘There are ascetics and brahmins full of desire for sensual pleasures, with acute lust …\nI am not full of desire …’"}},{"id":"mn4:9","sourceIds":["mn4:9.1","mn4:9.2","mn4:9.3","mn4:9.4","mn4:9.5","mn4:9.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā byāpannacittā paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, byāpannacittapaduṭṭhamanasaṅkappasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ byāpannacitto paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nmettacittohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā mettacittā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, mettacittataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins full of ill will, with malicious intentions …\nI have a heart full of love …’"}},{"id":"mn4:10","sourceIds":["mn4:10.1","mn4:10.2","mn4:10.3","mn4:10.4","mn4:10.5","mn4:10.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhānasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhito araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nvigatathinamiddhohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā vigatathinamiddhā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, vigatathinamiddhataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins overcome with dullness and drowsiness …\nI am rid of dullness and drowsiness …’"}},{"id":"mn4:11","sourceIds":["mn4:11.1","mn4:11.2","mn4:11.3","mn4:11.4","mn4:11.5","mn4:11.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā uddhatā avūpasantacittā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, uddhataavūpasantacittasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ uddhato avūpasantacitto araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nvūpasantacittohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā vūpasantacittā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, vūpasantacittataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are restless, with minds unsettled …\nMy mind is settled …’"}},{"id":"mn4:12","sourceIds":["mn4:12.1","mn4:12.2","mn4:12.3","mn4:12.4","mn4:12.5","mn4:12.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kaṅkhī vicikicchī araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, kaṅkhivicikicchisandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ kaṅkhī vicikicchī araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\ntiṇṇavicikicchohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā tiṇṇavicikicchā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, tiṇṇavicikicchataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are doubting and uncertain …\nI’ve gone beyond doubt …’"}},{"id":"mn4:13","sourceIds":["mn4:13.1","mn4:13.2","mn4:13.3","mn4:13.4","mn4:13.5","mn4:13.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā attukkaṁsakā paravambhī araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, attukkaṁsanaparavambhanasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ attukkaṁsako paravambhī araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nanattukkaṁsako aparavambhīhamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā anattukkaṁsakā aparavambhī araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, anattukkaṁsakataṁ aparavambhitaṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who glorify themselves and put others down …\nI don’t glorify myself and put others down …’"}},{"id":"mn4:14","sourceIds":["mn4:14.1","mn4:14.2","mn4:14.3","mn4:14.4","mn4:14.5","mn4:14.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā chambhī bhīrukajātikā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, chambhibhīrukajātikasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ chambhī bhīrukajātiko araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nvigatalomahaṁsohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā vigatalomahaṁsā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, vigatalomahaṁsataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are cowardly and craven …\nI don’t get startled …’"}},{"id":"mn4:15","sourceIds":["mn4:15.1","mn4:15.2","mn4:15.3","mn4:15.4","mn4:15.5","mn4:15.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā lābhasakkārasilokaṁ nikāmayamānā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, lābhasakkārasilokanikāmanasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ lābhasakkārasilokaṁ nikāmayamāno araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nappicchohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā appicchā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, appicchataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who enjoy possessions, honor, and popularity …\nI have few wishes …’"}},{"id":"mn4:16","sourceIds":["mn4:16.1","mn4:16.2","mn4:16.3","mn4:16.4","mn4:16.5","mn4:16.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā kusītā hīnavīriyā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, kusītahīnavīriyasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ kusīto hīnavīriyo araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nāraddhavīriyohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā āraddhavīriyā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, āraddhavīriyataṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are lazy and lack energy …\nI am energetic …’"}},{"id":"mn4:17","sourceIds":["mn4:17.1","mn4:17.2","mn4:17.3","mn4:17.4","mn4:17.5","mn4:17.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā muṭṭhassatī asampajānā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, muṭṭhassatiasampajānasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ muṭṭhassati asampajāno araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nupaṭṭhitassatihamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā upaṭṭhitassatī araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, upaṭṭhitassatitaṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are unmindful and lack situational awareness …\nI am mindful …’"}},{"id":"mn4:18","sourceIds":["mn4:18.1","mn4:18.2","mn4:18.3","mn4:18.4","mn4:18.5","mn4:18.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā asamāhitā vibbhantacittā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, asamāhitavibbhantacittasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ asamāhito vibbhantacitto araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\nsamādhisampannohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā samādhisampannā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, samādhisampadaṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who lack immersion, with straying minds …\nI am accomplished in immersion …’"}},{"id":"mn4:19","sourceIds":["mn4:19.1","mn4:19.2","mn4:19.3","mn4:19.4","mn4:19.5","mn4:19.6","mn4:19.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘ye kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā duppaññā eḷamūgā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti, duppaññaeḷamūgasandosahetu have te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalaṁ bhayabheravaṁ avhāyanti.\nNa kho panāhaṁ duppañño eḷamūgo araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi;\npaññāsampannohamasmi.\nYe hi vo ariyā paññāsampannā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti tesamahaṁ aññataro’ti.\nEtamahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, paññāsampadaṁ attani sampassamāno bhiyyo pallomamāpādiṁ araññe vihārāya.\nSoḷasapariyāyaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.","en":"‘There are ascetics and brahmins who are witless and idiotic who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest. Those ascetics and brahmins summon unskillful fear and dread because of the defects of witlessness and stupidity.\nBut I don’t frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest witless and idiotic.\nI am accomplished in wisdom.\nI am one of those noble ones who frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest accomplished in wisdom.’\nSeeing this accomplishment of wisdom in myself I felt even more unruffled about staying in the forest."}},{"id":"mn4:20","sourceIds":["mn4:20.1","mn4:20.2","mn4:20.3","mn4:20.4","mn4:20.5","mn4:20.6","mn4:20.7","mn4:20.8","mn4:20.9","mn4:20.10","mn4:20.11","mn4:20.12","mn4:20.13","mn4:20.14","mn4:20.15","mn4:20.16","mn4:20.17","mn4:20.18","mn4:20.19","mn4:20.20","mn4:20.21"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘yannūnāhaṁ yā tā rattiyo abhiññātā abhilakkhitā—\ncātuddasī pañcadasī aṭṭhamī ca pakkhassa—\ntathārūpāsu rattīsu yāni tāni ārāmacetiyāni vanacetiyāni rukkhacetiyāni bhiṁsanakāni salomahaṁsāni tathārūpesu senāsanesu vihareyyaṁ appeva nāmāhaṁ bhayabheravaṁ passeyyan’ti.\nSo kho ahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, aparena samayena yā tā rattiyo abhiññātā abhilakkhitā—\ncātuddasī pañcadasī aṭṭhamī ca pakkhassa—\ntathārūpāsu rattīsu yāni tāni ārāmacetiyāni vanacetiyāni rukkhacetiyāni bhiṁsanakāni salomahaṁsāni tathārūpesu senāsanesu viharāmi.\nTattha ca me, brāhmaṇa, viharato mago vā āgacchati, moro vā kaṭṭhaṁ pāteti, vāto vā paṇṇakasaṭaṁ ereti;\ntassa mayhaṁ brāhmaṇa etadahosi:\n‘etaṁ nūna taṁ bhayabheravaṁ āgacchatī’ti.\nTassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, etadahosi:\n‘kiṁ nu kho ahaṁ aññadatthu bhayapaṭikaṅkhī viharāmi?\nYannūnāhaṁ yathābhūtaṁ yathābhūtassa me taṁ bhayabheravaṁ āgacchati, tathābhūtaṁ tathābhūtova taṁ bhayabheravaṁ paṭivineyyan’ti.\nTassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, caṅkamantassa taṁ bhayabheravaṁ āgacchati.\nSo kho ahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, neva tāva tiṭṭhāmi na nisīdāmi na nipajjāmi, yāva caṅkamantova taṁ bhayabheravaṁ paṭivinemi.\nTassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, ṭhitassa taṁ bhayabheravaṁ āgacchati.\nSo kho ahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, neva tāva caṅkamāmi na nisīdāmi na nipajjāmi. Yāva ṭhitova taṁ bhayabheravaṁ paṭivinemi.\nTassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, nisinnassa taṁ bhayabheravaṁ āgacchati.\nSo kho ahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, neva tāva nipajjāmi na tiṭṭhāmi na caṅkamāmi, yāva nisinnova taṁ bhayabheravaṁ paṭivinemi.\nTassa mayhaṁ, brāhmaṇa, nipannassa taṁ bhayabheravaṁ āgacchati.\nSo kho ahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, neva tāva nisīdāmi na tiṭṭhāmi na caṅkamāmi, yāva nipannova taṁ bhayabheravaṁ paṭivinemi.","en":"Then I thought,\n‘There are certain nights that are recognized as specially portentous:\nthe fourteenth, fifteenth, and eighth of the fortnight.\nOn such nights, why don’t I stay in awe-inspiring and hair-raising shrines in parks, forests, and trees? In such lodgings, hopefully I might see that fear and dread.’\nSome time later, that’s what I did.\nAs I was staying there a deer came by, or a peacock snapped a twig, or the wind rustled the leaves.\nThen I thought,\n‘Is this that fear and dread coming?’\nThen I thought,\n‘Why do I always meditate expecting that fear to come?\nWhy don’t I get rid of that fear and dread just as it comes, while remaining just as I am?’\nThen that fear and dread came upon me as I was walking.\nI didn’t stand still or sit down or lie down until I had got rid of that fear and dread while walking.\nThen that fear and dread came upon me as I was standing.\nI didn’t walk or sit down or lie down until I had got rid of that fear and dread while standing.\nThen that fear and dread came upon me as I was sitting.\nI didn’t lie down or stand still or walk until I had got rid of that fear and dread while sitting.\nThen that fear and dread came upon me as I was lying down.\nI didn’t sit up or stand still or walk until I had got rid of that fear and dread while lying down."}},{"id":"mn4:21","sourceIds":["mn4:21.1","mn4:21.2","mn4:21.3","mn4:21.4","mn4:21.5","mn4:21.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Santi kho pana, brāhmaṇa, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā rattiṁyeva samānaṁ divāti sañjānanti, divāyeva samānaṁ rattīti sañjānanti.\nIdamahaṁ tesaṁ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṁ sammohavihārasmiṁ vadāmi.\nAhaṁ kho pana, brāhmaṇa, rattiṁyeva samānaṁ rattīti sañjānāmi, divāyeva samānaṁ divāti sañjānāmi.\nYaṁ kho taṁ, brāhmaṇa, sammā vadamāno vadeyya:\n‘asammohadhammo satto loke uppanno bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānan’ti, mameva taṁ sammā vadamāno vadeyya:\n‘asammohadhammo satto loke uppanno bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānan’ti.","en":"There are some ascetics and brahmins who perceive that it’s day when in fact it’s night, or perceive that it’s night when in fact it’s day.\nThis meditation of theirs is delusional, I say.\nI perceive that it’s night when in fact it is night, and perceive that it’s day when in fact it is day.\nAnd if there’s anyone of whom it may be rightly said that\na being not liable to delusion has arisen in the world for the welfare and happiness of the people, out of sympathy for the world, for the benefit, welfare, and happiness of gods and humans, it’s of me that this should be said."}},{"id":"mn4:22-26","sourceIds":["mn4:22-26.1","mn4:22-26.2","mn4:22-26.3","mn4:22-26.4","mn4:22-26.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Āraddhaṁ kho pana me, brāhmaṇa, vīriyaṁ ahosi asallīnaṁ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammuṭṭhā, passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṁ cittaṁ ekaggaṁ.\nSo kho ahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.\nVitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā ajjhattaṁ sampasādanaṁ cetaso ekodibhāvaṁ avitakkaṁ avicāraṁ samādhijaṁ pītisukhaṁ dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.\nPītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca vihāsiṁ, sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṁvedesiṁ; yaṁ taṁ ariyā ācikkhanti: ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.\nSukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṁ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṁ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṁ catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja vihāsiṁ.","en":"My energy was roused up and unflagging, my mindfulness was established and lucid, my body was tranquil and undisturbed, and my mind was immersed and unified in samādhi.\nQuite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, I entered and remained in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.\nAs the placing of the mind and keeping it connected were stilled, I entered and remained in the second absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of immersion, with internal clarity and mind at one, without placing the mind and keeping it connected.\nAnd with the fading away of rapture, I entered and remained in the third absorption, where I meditated with equanimity, mindful and aware, experiencing for themselves the bliss of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and mindful, one meditates in bliss.’\nWith the giving up of pleasure and pain, and the disappearance of former happiness and sadness, I entered and remained in the fourth absorption, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and mindfulness."}},{"id":"mn4:27","sourceIds":["mn4:27.1","mn4:27.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ. So anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarāmi,\nseyyathidaṁ—ekampi jātiṁ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṁsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṁvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṁvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe: ‘amutrāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṁsukhadukkhappaṭisaṁvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṁ; tatrāpāsiṁ evaṁnāmo evaṅgotto evaṁvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṁsukhadukkhappaṭisaṁvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṁ sauddesaṁ anekavihitaṁ pubbenivāsaṁ anussarāmi.","en":"When my mind had become immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward recollection of past lives. I recollected many kinds of past lives.\nThat is: one, two, three, four, five, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, a hundred, a thousand, a hundred thousand rebirths; many eons of the world contracting, many eons of the world expanding, many eons of the world contracting and expanding. I remembered: ‘There, I was named this, my clan was that, I looked like this, and that was my food. This was how I felt pleasure and pain, and that was how my life ended. When I passed away from that place I was reborn somewhere else. There, too, I was named this, my clan was that, I looked like this, and that was my food. This was how I felt pleasure and pain, and that was how my life ended. When I passed away from that place I was reborn here.’ And so I recollected my many kinds of past lives, with features and details."}},{"id":"mn4:28","sourceIds":["mn4:28.1","mn4:28.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ kho me, brāhmaṇa, rattiyā paṭhame yāme paṭhamā vijjā adhigatā,\navijjā vihatā vijjā uppannā, tamo vihato āloko uppanno, yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.","en":"This was the first knowledge, which I achieved in the first watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute."}},{"id":"mn4:29","sourceIds":["mn4:29.1","mn4:29.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṁ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ.\nSo dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi: ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā apāyaṁ duggatiṁ vinipātaṁ nirayaṁ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṁ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṁ maraṇā sugatiṁ saggaṁ lokaṁ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi.","en":"When my mind had become immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward knowledge of the death and rebirth of sentient beings.\nWith clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, I saw sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. I understood how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds: ‘These dear beings did bad things by way of body, speech, and mind. They denounced the noble ones; they had wrong view; and they chose to act out of that wrong view. When their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. These dear beings, however, did good things by way of body, speech, and mind. They never denounced the noble ones; they had right view; and they chose to act out of that right view. When their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.’ And so, with clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, I saw sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. I understood how sentient beings pass on according to their deeds."}},{"id":"mn4:30","sourceIds":["mn4:30.1","mn4:30.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ kho me, brāhmaṇa, rattiyā majjhime yāme dutiyā vijjā adhigatā,\navijjā vihatā vijjā uppannā, tamo vihato āloko uppanno, yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.","en":"This was the second knowledge, which I achieved in the middle watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute."}},{"id":"mn4:31","sourceIds":["mn4:31.1","mn4:31.2","mn4:31.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"So evaṁ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṁ khayañāṇāya cittaṁ abhininnāmesiṁ.\nSo ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ.\n‘Ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ, ‘ayaṁ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ.","en":"When my mind had become immersed in samādhi like this—purified, bright, flawless, rid of corruptions, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward knowledge of the ending of defilements.\nI truly understood: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering’.\nI truly understood: ‘These are defilements’ … ‘This is the origin of defilements’ … ‘This is the cessation of defilements’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of defilements’."}},{"id":"mn4:32","sourceIds":["mn4:32.1","mn4:32.2","mn4:32.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Tassa me evaṁ jānato evaṁ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha, bhavāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha, avijjāsavāpi cittaṁ vimuccittha.\nVimuttasmiṁ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṁ ahosi.\n‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṁ brahmacariyaṁ, kataṁ karaṇīyaṁ, nāparaṁ itthattāyā’ti abbhaññāsiṁ.","en":"Knowing and seeing like this, my mind was freed from the defilements of sensuality, desire to be reborn, and ignorance.\nWhen it was freed, I knew it was freed.\nI understood: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is nothing further for this place.’"}},{"id":"mn4:33","sourceIds":["mn4:33.1","mn4:33.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Ayaṁ kho me, brāhmaṇa, rattiyā pacchime yāme tatiyā vijjā adhigatā,\navijjā vihatā vijjā uppannā, tamo vihato āloko uppanno, yathā taṁ appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato.","en":"This was the third knowledge, which I achieved in the final watch of the night.\nIgnorance was banished and knowledge arose; darkness was banished and light arose, as happens for a meditator who is diligent, keen, and resolute."}},{"id":"mn4:34","sourceIds":["mn4:34.1","mn4:34.2","mn4:34.3","mn4:34.4","mn4:34.5"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Siyā kho pana te, brāhmaṇa, evamassa:\n‘ajjāpi nūna samaṇo gotamo avītarāgo avītadoso avītamoho, tasmā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevatī’ti.\nNa kho panetaṁ, brāhmaṇa, evaṁ daṭṭhabbaṁ.\nDve kho ahaṁ, brāhmaṇa, atthavase sampassamāno araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevāmi—\nattano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṁ sampassamāno, pacchimañca janataṁ anukampamāno”ti.","en":"Brahmin, you might think:\n‘Perhaps the ascetic Gotama is not free of greed, hate, and delusion even today, and that is why he still frequents remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.’\nBut you should not see it like this.\nI see two reasons to frequent remote lodgings in the wilderness and the forest.\nI see happiness for myself in this life, and I have sympathy for future generations.”"}},{"id":"mn4:35","sourceIds":["mn4:35.1","mn4:35.2","mn4:35.3","mn4:35.4","mn4:35.5","mn4:35.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Anukampitarūpā vatāyaṁ bhotā gotamena pacchimā janatā, yathā taṁ arahatā sammāsambuddhena.\nAbhikkantaṁ, bho gotama. Abhikkantaṁ, bho gotama.\nSeyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṁ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṁ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṁ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṁ dhāreyya: ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṁ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito.\nEsāhaṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ saraṇaṁ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca.\nUpāsakaṁ maṁ bhavaṁ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṁ saraṇaṁ gatan”ti.\nBhayabheravasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ catutthaṁ.","en":"“Indeed, worthy Gotama has sympathy for future generations, since he is a perfected one, a fully awakened Buddha.\nExcellent, worthy Gotama! Excellent, worthy Gotama!\nAs if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with clear eyes can see what’s there, worthy Gotama has made the teaching clear in many ways.\nI go for refuge to the worthy Gotama, to the teaching, and to the mendicant Saṅgha.\nFrom this day forth, may the worthy Gotama remember me as a lay follower who has gone for refuge for life.”"}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/mn4/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}