{"id":"mn52","title":"The Wealthy Citizen","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Sujato · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"mn52","title":"The Wealthy Citizen","units":[{"id":"mn52:0","sourceIds":["mn52:0.1","mn52:0.2"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Majjhima Nikāya 52\nAṭṭhakanāgarasutta","en":"Middle Discourses 52\nThe Wealthy Citizen"}},{"id":"mn52:1","sourceIds":["mn52:1.1","mn52:1.2","mn52:1.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ me sutaṁ—\nekaṁ samayaṁ āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṁ viharati beluvagāmake.\nTena kho pana samayena dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtaṁ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena.","en":"So I have heard.\nAt one time Venerable Ānanda was staying near Vesālī in the little village of Beluva.\nNow at that time the householder Dasama, a wealthy citizen, had arrived at Pāṭaliputta on some business."}},{"id":"mn52:2","sourceIds":["mn52:2.1","mn52:2.2","mn52:2.3","mn52:2.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro yena kukkuṭārāmo yena aññataro bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṁ bhikkhuṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro taṁ bhikkhuṁ etadavoca:\n“kahaṁ nu kho, bhante, āyasmā ānando etarahi viharati?\nDassanakāmā hi mayaṁ taṁ āyasmantaṁ ānandan”ti.\n“Eso, gahapati, āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṁ viharati beluvagāmake”ti.","en":"He went to the Chicken Monastery, approached a certain mendicant, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him,\n“Sir, where is Venerable Ānanda now staying?\nFor I want to see him.”\n“Householder, Venerable Ānanda is staying near Vesālī in the little village of Beluva.”"}},{"id":"mn52:3","sourceIds":["mn52:3.1","mn52:3.2","mn52:3.3","mn52:3.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputte taṁ karaṇīyaṁ tīretvā yena vesālī yena beluvagāmako yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:\n“atthi nu kho, bhante ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṁ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṁ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇātī”ti?\n“Atthi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṁ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṁ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇātī”ti.\n“Katamo pana, bhante ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṁ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṁ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇātī”ti?","en":"Then the householder Dasama, having concluded his business there, went to the little village of Beluva in Vesālī to see Ānanda. He bowed, sat down to one side, and said to Ānanda:\n“Honorable Ānanda, is there one thing that has been rightly explained by the Blessed One—who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha—practicing which a diligent, keen, and resolute mendicant’s mind is freed, their defilements are ended, and they arrive at the supreme sanctuary from the yoke?”\n“There is, householder.”\n“And what is that one thing?”"}},{"id":"mn52:4","sourceIds":["mn52:4.1","mn52:4.2","mn52:4.3","mn52:4.4","mn52:4.5","mn52:4.6","mn52:4.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"“Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṁ savicāraṁ vivekajaṁ pītisukhaṁ paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘idampi kho paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ.\nYaṁ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ tadaniccaṁ nirodhadhamman’ti pajānāti.\nSo tattha ṭhito āsavānaṁ khayaṁ pāpuṇāti.\nNo ce āsavānaṁ khayaṁ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā.\nAyampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto, yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṁ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṁ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇāti.","en":"“Householder, it’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption, which has the rapture and bliss born of seclusion, while placing the mind and keeping it connected.\nThen they reflect:\n‘Even this first absorption is produced by choices and intentions.’\nThey understand: ‘But whatever is produced by choices and intentions is impermanent and liable to cessation.’\nAbiding in that they attain the ending of defilements.\nIf they don’t attain the ending of defilements, with the ending of the five lower fetters they’re reborn spontaneously, because of their passion and love for that meditation. They are extinguished there, and are not liable to return from that world.\nThis is one thing that has been rightly explained by the Blessed One—who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha—practicing which a diligent, keen, and resolute mendicant’s mind is freed, their defilements are ended, and they arrive at the supreme sanctuary from the yoke."}},{"id":"mn52:5","sourceIds":["mn52:5.1","mn52:5.2","mn52:5.3","mn52:5.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṁ vūpasamā ajjhattaṁ sampasādanaṁ …pe… dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘idampi kho dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ …pe…\nanuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇāti.","en":"Furthermore, as the placing of the mind and keeping it connected are stilled, they enter and remain in the second absorption …"}},{"id":"mn52:6","sourceIds":["mn52:6.1","mn52:6.2","mn52:6.3","mn52:6.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā …pe… tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘idampi kho tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ …pe…\nanuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇāti.","en":"third absorption …"}},{"id":"mn52:7","sourceIds":["mn52:7.1","mn52:7.2","mn52:7.3","mn52:7.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘idampi kho catutthaṁ jhānaṁ abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ …pe…\nanuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇāti.","en":"fourth absorption …"}},{"id":"mn52:8","sourceIds":["mn52:8.1","mn52:8.2","mn52:8.3","mn52:8.4","mn52:8.5","mn52:8.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṁ disaṁ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṁ, tathā tatiyaṁ, tathā catutthaṁ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṁ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṁ lokaṁ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘ayampi kho mettācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā.\nYaṁ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ tadaniccaṁ nirodhadhamman’ti pajānāti.\nSo tattha ṭhito …pe…\nanuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇāti.","en":"Furthermore, a mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of love to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of love to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will.\nThen they reflect:\n‘Even this heart’s release by love is produced by choices and intentions.’\nThey understand: ‘But whatever is produced by choices and intentions is impermanent and liable to cessation.’ …"}},{"id":"mn52:9","sourceIds":["mn52:9.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu karuṇāsahagatena cetasā …pe…","en":"Furthermore, a mendicant meditates spreading a heart full of compassion …"}},{"id":"mn52:10","sourceIds":["mn52:10.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"muditāsahagatena cetasā …pe…","en":"rejoicing …"}},{"id":"mn52:11","sourceIds":["mn52:11.1","mn52:11.2","mn52:11.3","mn52:11.4","mn52:11.5","mn52:11.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṁ disaṁ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṁ, tathā tatiyaṁ, tathā catutthaṁ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṁ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṁ lokaṁ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘ayampi kho upekkhācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā.\nYaṁ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ tadaniccaṁ nirodhadhamman’ti pajānāti.\nSo tattha ṭhito …pe…\nanuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇāti.","en":"equanimity …"}},{"id":"mn52:12","sourceIds":["mn52:12.1","mn52:12.2","mn52:12.3","mn52:12.4","mn52:12.5","mn52:12.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṁ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṁ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṁ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘ayampi kho ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā.\nYaṁ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ tadaniccaṁ nirodhadhamman’ti pajānāti.\nSo tattha ṭhito …pe…\nanuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇāti.","en":"Furthermore, householder, a mendicant, going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the disappearance of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite space.\nThen they reflect:\n‘Even this attainment of the dimension of infinite space is produced by choices and intentions.’\nThey understand: ‘But whatever is produced by choices and intentions is impermanent and liable to cessation.’ …"}},{"id":"mn52:13","sourceIds":["mn52:13.1","mn52:13.2","mn52:13.3","mn52:13.4","mn52:13.5","mn52:13.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘anantaṁ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘ayampi kho viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā.\nYaṁ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ tadaniccaṁ nirodhadhamman’ti pajānāti.\nSo tattha ṭhito …pe…\nanuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇāti.","en":"Furthermore, a mendicant, going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite consciousness. …"}},{"id":"mn52:14","sourceIds":["mn52:14.1","mn52:14.2","mn52:14.3","mn52:14.4","mn52:14.5","mn52:14.6","mn52:14.7"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Puna caparaṁ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṁ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṁ upasampajja viharati.\nSo iti paṭisañcikkhati:\n‘ayampi kho ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā.\nYaṁ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṁ abhisañcetayitaṁ tadaniccaṁ nirodhadhamman’ti pajānāti.\nSo tattha ṭhito āsavānaṁ khayaṁ pāpuṇāti.\nNo ce āsavānaṁ khayaṁ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā.\nAyampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṁ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṁ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṁ yogakkhemaṁ anupāpuṇātī”ti.","en":"Furthermore, a mendicant, going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, enters and remains in the dimension of nothingness.\nThen they reflect:\n‘Even this attainment of the dimension of nothingness is produced by choices and intentions.’\nThey understand: ‘But whatever is produced by choices and intentions is impermanent and liable to cessation.’\nAbiding in that they attain the ending of defilements.\nIf they don’t attain the ending of defilements, with the ending of the five lower fetters they’re reborn spontaneously because of their passion and love for that meditation. They are extinguished there, and are not liable to return from that world.\nThis too is one thing that has been rightly explained by the Blessed One—who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha—practicing which a diligent, keen, and resolute mendicant’s mind is freed, their defilements are ended, and they arrive at the supreme sanctuary from the yoke.”"}},{"id":"mn52:15","sourceIds":["mn52:15.1","mn52:15.2","mn52:15.3","mn52:15.4","mn52:15.5","mn52:15.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Evaṁ vutte, dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṁ ānandaṁ etadavoca:\n“seyyathāpi, bhante ānanda, puriso ekaṁva nidhimukhaṁ gavesanto sakideva ekādasa nidhimukhāni adhigaccheyya;\nevameva kho ahaṁ, bhante, ekaṁ amatadvāraṁ gavesanto sakideva ekādasa amatadvārāni alatthaṁ bhāvanāya.\nSeyyathāpi, bhante, purisassa agāraṁ ekādasadvāraṁ, so tasmiṁ agāre āditte ekamekenapi dvārena sakkuṇeyya attānaṁ sotthiṁ kātuṁ;\nevameva kho ahaṁ, bhante, imesaṁ ekādasannaṁ amatadvārānaṁ ekamekenapi amatadvārena sakkuṇissāmi attānaṁ sotthiṁ kātuṁ.\nImehi nāma, bhante, aññatitthiyā ācariyassa ācariyadhanaṁ pariyesissanti, kimaṅgaṁ panāhaṁ āyasmato ānandassa pūjaṁ na karissāmī”ti.","en":"When he said this, the householder Dasama said to Venerable Ānanda,\n“Honorable Ānanda, suppose a person was looking for the entrance to a treasure trove. And all at once they’d come across eleven entrances!\nIn the same way, I was searching for the door to freedom from death. And all at once I found eleven doors to freedom from death for cultivation.\nSuppose a person had a house with eleven doors. If the house caught fire they’d be able to flee to safety through any one of those doors.\nIn the same way, I’m able to flee to safety through any one of these eleven doors to freedom from death.\nSir, those of other religions seek a fee for the tutor. Why shouldn’t I make an offering to Venerable Ānanda?”"}},{"id":"mn52:16","sourceIds":["mn52:16.1","mn52:16.2","mn52:16.3"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtakañca vesālikañca bhikkhusaṅghaṁ sannipātetvā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi,\nekamekañca bhikkhuṁ paccekaṁ dussayugena acchādesi, āyasmantañca ānandaṁ ticīvarena acchādesi, āyasmato ca ānandassa pañcasatavihāraṁ kārāpesīti.\nAṭṭhakanāgarasuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dutiyaṁ.","en":"Then the householder Dasama, having assembled the Saṅgha from Vesālī and Pāṭaliputta, served and satisfied them with his own hands with delicious fresh and cooked foods.\nHe clothed each and every mendicant in a pair of garments, with a set of three robes for Ānanda. And he had a dwelling worth five hundred built for Ānanda."}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/mn52/en/sujato","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}