{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10","title":"Renouncing the training in anger","languageCodes":["en","pi"],"languageNotes":{"en":"Bhikkhu Brahmāli · CC0","pi":"Mahāsaṅgīti edition · SuttaCentral"},"chapters":[{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10","title":"Renouncing the training in anger","units":[{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:0","sourceIds":["pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:0.1","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:0.2","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:0.3","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:0.4"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"Theravāda Vinaya\nBhikkhunivibhaṅga\nSaṅghādisesakaṇḍa\n10. Sikkhaṁpaccācikkhaṇasikkhāpada","en":"Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law\nThe Nuns’ Analysis\nThe chapter on offenses entailing suspension\nRenouncing the training in anger"}},{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1","sourceIds":["pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.0","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.1","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.2","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.3","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.4","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.5","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.6","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.7","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.8","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.9","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.10","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.11","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.12","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.13","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.14","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.15","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.16","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.17","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.18"],"kind":"text","text":{"en":"Origin story\nAt one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,\nthe nun Caṇḍakāḷī had argued with the nuns. In anger she said this:\n“I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training!\nThe Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.”\nThe nuns of few desires complained and criticized her,\n“How could the nun Caṇḍakāḷī say this in anger?”\n…\n“Is it true, monks, that the nun Caṇḍakāḷī said this in anger?”\n“It’s true, sir.”\nThe Buddha rebuked her …\n“How could the nun Caṇḍakāḷī say this in anger?\nThis will affect people’s confidence …” …\n“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:","pi":"Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.\nTena kho pana samayena caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi saddhiṁ bhaṇḍitvā kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti—\n“buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṁ paccācikkhāmi, saṅghaṁ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi.\nKinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī”ti.\nYā tā bhikkhuniyo appicchā …pe… tā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—\n“kathañhi nāma ayyā caṇḍakāḷī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vakkhati—\n‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi …pe… sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi.\nKinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’”ti …pe…\n“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti—\n‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi …pe… sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi.\nKinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’”ti?\n“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.\nVigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…\nkathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, caṇḍakāḷī bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vakkhati—\n‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi …pe… sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi.\nKinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro, santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti.\nNetaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…\nevañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—"}},{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.19","sourceIds":["pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.19.0","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.19.1"],"kind":"text","text":{"en":"Final ruling\n‘If a nun says in anger,","pi":"“Yā pana bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeyya—"}},{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1-from-pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10-1.20","sourceIds":["pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.20","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.21","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.22","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.23","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.24","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:1.25"],"kind":"text","text":{"pi":"‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṁ paccācikkhāmi, saṅghaṁ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti,\nsā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi evamassa vacanīyā—\n‘māyye, kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca— buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṁ paccācikkhāmi, saṅghaṁ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmīti, abhiramāyye, svākkhāto dhammo; cara brahmacariyaṁ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā’ti.\nEvañca sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi vuccamānā tatheva paggaṇheyya, sā bhikkhunī bhikkhunīhi yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāya.\nYāvatatiyañce samanubhāsīyamānā taṁ paṭinissajjeyya iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;\nno ce paṭinissajjeyya, ayampi bhikkhunī yāvatatiyakaṁ dhammaṁ āpannā nissāraṇīyaṁ saṅghādisesan”ti.","en":"“I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them,”\nthen the nuns should correct her like this:\n“Venerable, don’t say such things in anger, ‘I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.’ Take delight, venerable; the Teaching is well proclaimed. Practice the spiritual life for the complete ending of suffering.”\nIf that nun continues as before, the nuns should press her up to three times to make her stop.\nIf she then stops, all is well.\nIf she does not stop, then after the third announcement that nun too has committed an offense entailing sending away and suspension.’”"}},{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1","sourceIds":["pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.0","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.1","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.2","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.3","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.4","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.5","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.6","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.7","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.8","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.9","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.10","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.11","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.12","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.13","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.14","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.15","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.16","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.17","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.18","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.19","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.20","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.21","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.22","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.23","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.24","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.25","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.26","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.27","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.28","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.29","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.30","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.31","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.32","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.33","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.34","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.35","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.36","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.37","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.38","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.39","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.40","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.41","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.42","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.43","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.44","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.45","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.46","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.47","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.48","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.49","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.50","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.51","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.52","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.53","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.54","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.55","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.56","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.57","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.58","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.59","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.60","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.61","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.62","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.63","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.64","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.65","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.66","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.67","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.68","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.69","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.1.70"],"kind":"text","text":{"en":"Definitions\nA:\nwhoever …\nNun:\n… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.\nIn anger:\ndiscontent, having hatred, hostile.\nSays:\n“I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training! The Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics. There are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.”\nHer:\nthat nun who speaks thus.\nThe nuns:\nother nuns who see it or hear about it. They should correct her like this:\n“Venerable, don’t say such things in anger:\n‘I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training!\nThe Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics.\nThere are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.’\nTake delight, venerable; the Teaching is well proclaimed.\nPractice the spiritual life for the complete ending of suffering.”\nAnd they should correct her a second\nand a third time.\nIf she stops, all is well.\nIf she does not stop, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.\nIf those who hear about it do not say anything, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.\nThat nun, even if she has to be pulled into the Sangha, should be corrected like this:\n“Venerable, don’t say such things in anger:\n‘I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training!\nThe Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics.\nThere are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.’\nTake delight, venerable; the Teaching is well proclaimed.\nPractice the spiritual life for the complete ending of suffering.”\nThey should correct her a second\nand a third time.\nIf she stops, all is well.\nIf she does not stop, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.\nShould press her:\n“And, monks, she should be pressed like this.\nA competent and capable nun should inform the Sangha:\n‘Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.\nThe nun so-and-so says this in anger:\n“I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training!\nThe Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics.\nThere are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.”\nAnd she keeps on saying it.\nIf the Sangha is ready, it should press the nun so-and-so to make her stop.\nThis is the motion.\nPlease, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.\nThe nun so-and-so says this in anger:\n“I renounce the Buddha, I renounce the Teaching, I renounce the Sangha, I renounce the training!\nThe Sakyan daughters are not the only monastics.\nThere are other monastics who have a sense of conscience, who are afraid of wrongdoing and fond of the training. I’ll practice the spiritual life with them.”\nAnd she keeps on saying it.\nThe Sangha presses the nun so-and-so to make her stop.\nAny nun who approves of pressing the nun so-and-so to make her stop should remain silent.\nAny nun who doesn’t approve should speak up.\nFor the second time, I speak on this matter. …\nFor the third time, I speak on this matter. …\nThe Sangha has pressed the nun so-and-so to make her stop.\nThe Sangha approves and is therefore silent. I will remember it thus.’”\nAfter the motion, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.\nAfter each of the first two announcements, she commits a serious offense.\nWhen the last announcement is finished, she commits an offense entailing suspension.\nFor one who commits the offense entailing suspension, the offense of wrong conduct and the serious offenses are annulled.\nThat too:\nthis is said with reference to the preceding offenses.\nAfter the third announcement:\nthere is an offense when she has been pressed for the third time, not as soon as the misconduct has been committed.\nEntailing sending away:\nshe is sent away from the Sangha.\nSuspension:\n… Therefore, too, it is called an offense entailing suspension.","pi":"Yā panāti\nyā yādisā …pe…\nbhikkhunīti\n…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.\nKupitā anattamanāti\nanabhiraddhā āhatacittā khilajātā.\nEvaṁ vadeyyāti—\n“buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi …pe… sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi. Kinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro. Santaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī”ti.\nSā bhikkhunīti\nyā sā evaṁvādinī bhikkhunī.\nBhikkhunīhīti\naññāhi bhikkhunīhi. Yā passanti yā suṇanti tāhi vattabbā—\n“māyye, kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca—\n‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi …pe… sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi.\nKinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro.\nSantaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti.\nAbhiramāyye, svākkhāto dhammo;\ncara brahmacariyaṁ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā”ti.\nDutiyampi vattabbā.\nTatiyampi vattabbā.\nSace paṭinissajjati iccetaṁ kusalaṁ,\nno ce paṭinissajjati āpatti dukkaṭassa.\nSutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.\nSā bhikkhunī saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā—\n“māyye, kupitā anattamanā evaṁ avaca—\n‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi …pe… sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi.\nKinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro.\nSantaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti.\nAbhiramāyye, svākkhāto dhammo;\ncara brahmacariyaṁ sammā dukkhassa antakiriyāyā”ti.\nDutiyampi vattabbā.\nTatiyampi vattabbā.\nSace paṭinissajjati iccetaṁ kusalaṁ,\nno ce paṭinissajjati āpatti dukkaṭassa.\nSā bhikkhunī samanubhāsitabbā.\nEvañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā.\nByattāya bhikkhuniyā paṭibalāya saṅgho ñāpetabbo—\n“Suṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho.\nAyaṁ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti—\n‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi, dhammaṁ paccācikkhāmi, saṅghaṁ paccācikkhāmi, sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi.\nKinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro.\nSantaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti.\nSā taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjati.\nYadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuniṁ samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.\nEsā ñatti.\nSuṇātu me, ayye, saṅgho.\nAyaṁ itthannāmā bhikkhunī kupitā anattamanā evaṁ vadeti—\n‘buddhaṁ paccācikkhāmi …pe… sikkhaṁ paccācikkhāmi.\nKinnumāva samaṇiyo yā samaṇiyo sakyadhītaro.\nSantaññāpi samaṇiyo lajjiniyo kukkuccikā sikkhākāmā, tāsāhaṁ santike brahmacariyaṁ carissāmī’ti.\nSā taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjati.\nSaṅgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuniṁ samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.\nYassā ayyāya khamati itthannāmāya bhikkhuniyā samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, sā tuṇhassa;\nyassā nakkhamati sā, bhāseyya.\nDutiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi …pe…\ntatiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi …pe….\nSamanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena itthannāmā bhikkhunī tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.\nKhamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṁ dhārayāmī”ti.\nÑattiyā dukkaṭaṁ.\nDvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā.\nKammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.\nSaṅghādisesaṁ ajjhāpajjantiyā ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti.\nAyampīti\npurimāyo upādāya vuccati.\nYāvatatiyakanti\nyāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya āpajjati, na saha vatthujjhācārā.\nNissāraṇīyanti\nsaṅghamhā nissārīyati.\nSaṅghādisesoti\n…pe… tenapi vuccati saṅghādisesoti."}},{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.2","sourceIds":["pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.2.0","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.2.1","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.2.2","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.2.3","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.2.4","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.2.5","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.2.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"en":"Permutations\nIf it is a legitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension.\nIf it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension.\nIf it is a legitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as illegitimate, and she does not stop, she commits an offense entailing suspension.\nIf it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she perceives it as legitimate, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.\nIf it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.\nIf it is an illegitimate legal procedure, and she perceives it as such, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.","pi":"Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.\nDhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.\nDhammakamme adhammakammasaññā na paṭinissajjati, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.\nAdhammakamme dhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.\nAdhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.\nAdhammakamme adhammakammasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa."}},{"id":"pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.3","sourceIds":["pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.3.0","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.3.1","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.3.2","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.3.3","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.3.4","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.3.5","pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10:2.3.6"],"kind":"text","text":{"en":"Non-offenses\nThere is no offense:\nif she has not been pressed;\nif she stops;\nif she is insane;\nif she is the first offender.\nThe tenth offense entailing suspension is finished.","pi":"Anāpatti—\nasamanubhāsantiyā,\npaṭinissajjantiyā,\nummattikāya,\nādikammikāyāti.\nSattamasaṅghādisesasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ."}}]}],"sourceRevision":"afdafa92450cfe7573b280da50382888323666d2","sourceUrl":"https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-bi-vb-ss10/en/brahmali","licence":"CC0 1.0","licenceUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","editionNote":"Full supplied source file; inherited abbreviations are preserved. Not a reconstructed expansion of every repetition. No Malay or Mandarin translation is implied."}