{"id":"new-western-vows","languageCodes":["zh-Hant","en","ms","zh-Hans","pinyin"],"languageNotes":{"zh-Hant":"CBETA source witness; historical wording retained.","zh-Hans":"Simplified-character conversion of the Traditional Chinese layer (OpenCC). Wording is retained; this is not a modern-Mandarin paraphrase.","pinyin":"Tone-marked Mandarin pronunciation aid. New readings use pypinyin with Buddhist-term overrides; not pronunciation-reviewed. Historical mantra pronunciations vary, and rare characters may remain unromanized. Pinyin is not Sanskrit.","en":"New AI-assisted meaning translation from the displayed source, prepared 30 September 2026. A study draft; not an official or independently reviewed liturgical translation. Devotional claims are translated as claims of the source.","ms":"New AI-assisted meaning translation from the displayed source, prepared 30 September 2026. A study draft; not an official or independently reviewed liturgical translation. Devotional claims are translated as claims of the source."},"chapters":[{"id":"new-western-vows-chapter-1","title":"Aspiration for the Western Pure Land · 新定西方願文","units":[{"id":"new-western-vows-1","text":{"zh-Hant":"稽首西方安樂國，接引眾生大導師；我今發願願往生，惟願慈悲哀攝受。","en":"I bow to the great guide in the Western Land of Peace and Bliss who welcomes beings. I now vow to be born there; may he compassionately accept and embrace me.","ms":"Saya bersujud kepada pembimbing agung di Tanah Aman dan Bahagia di Barat yang menyambut makhluk. Kini saya berikrar untuk lahir di sana; semoga beliau dengan belas kasihan menerima dan merangkul saya.","zh-Hans":"稽首西方安乐国，接引众生大导师；我今发愿愿往生，惟愿慈悲哀摄受。","pinyin":"qǐ shǒu xī fāng ān lè guó， jiē yǐn zhòng shēng dà dǎo shī； wǒ jīn fā yuàn yuàn wǎng shēng， wéi yuàn cí bēi āi shè shòu。"},"translationStatus":{"en":"New AI-assisted study translation; not independently reviewed.","ms":"New AI-assisted study translation; not independently reviewed."},"ruby":{"zh-Hant":[{"base":"稽","reading":"qǐ"},{"base":"首","reading":"shǒu"},{"base":"西","reading":"xī"},{"base":"方","reading":"fāng"},{"base":"安","reading":"ān"},{"base":"樂","reading":"lè"},{"base":"國","reading":"guó"},{"base":"，","reading":""},{"base":"接","reading":"jiē"},{"base":"引","reading":"yǐn"},{"base":"眾","reading":"zhòng"},{"base":"生","reading":"shēng"},{"base":"大","reading":"dà"},{"base":"導","reading":"dǎo"},{"base":"師","reading":"shī"},{"base":"；","reading":""},{"base":"我","reading":"wǒ"},{"base":"今","reading":"jīn"},{"base":"發","reading":"fā"},{"base":"願","reading":"yuàn"},{"base":"願","reading":"yuàn"},{"base":"往","reading":"wǎng"},{"base":"生","reading":"shēng"},{"base":"，","reading":""},{"base":"惟","reading":"wéi"},{"base":"願","reading":"yuàn"},{"base":"慈","reading":"cí"},{"base":"悲","reading":"bēi"},{"base":"哀","reading":"āi"},{"base":"攝","reading":"shè"},{"base":"受","reading":"shòu"},{"base":"。","reading":""}],"zh-Hans":[{"base":"稽","reading":"qǐ"},{"base":"首","reading":"shǒu"},{"base":"西","reading":"xī"},{"base":"方","reading":"fāng"},{"base":"安","reading":"ān"},{"base":"乐","reading":"lè"},{"base":"国","reading":"guó"},{"base":"，","reading":""},{"base":"接","reading":"jiē"},{"base":"引","reading":"yǐn"},{"base":"众","reading":"zhòng"},{"base":"生","reading":"shēng"},{"base":"大","reading":"dà"},{"base":"导","reading":"dǎo"},{"base":"师","reading":"shī"},{"base":"；","reading":""},{"base":"我","reading":"wǒ"},{"base":"今","reading":"jīn"},{"base":"发","reading":"fā"},{"base":"愿","reading":"yuàn"},{"base":"愿","reading":"yuàn"},{"base":"往","reading":"wǎng"},{"base":"生","reading":"shēng"},{"base":"，","reading":""},{"base":"惟","reading":"wéi"},{"base":"愿","reading":"yuàn"},{"base":"慈","reading":"cí"},{"base":"悲","reading":"bēi"},{"base":"哀","reading":"āi"},{"base":"摄","reading":"shè"},{"base":"受","reading":"shòu"},{"base":"。","reading":""}]},"sourceLanguage":"zh-Hant"},{"id":"new-western-vows-2","text":{"zh-Hant":"弟子普為四恩、三有法界眾生，求於諸佛一乘無上菩提道，故專心持念阿彌陀佛萬德洪名期生淨土；又以業重福輕，障深慧淺，染心易熾，淨德難成。今於佛前，翹勤五體，披瀝一心，投誠懺悔。我及眾生曠劫至今，迷本淨心，縱貪瞋癡，染穢三業無量無邊；從作罪垢無量無邊，所結冤業願悉消滅。從於今日立深誓願，遠離惡法誓不更造；勤修聖道誓不退惰；誓成正覺誓度眾生。阿彌陀佛以慈悲願力，當證知我、當哀憫我、當加被我。願禪觀之中、夢寐之際，得見阿彌陀佛金色之身；得歷阿彌陀佛寶嚴之土；得蒙阿彌陀佛甘露灌頂、光明照身、手摩我頭、衣覆我體，使我宿障自除、善根增長、疾空煩惱、頓破無明，圓覺妙心廓然開悟，寂光真境常得現前。至於臨欲命終預知時至，身無一切病苦厄難；心無一切貪戀迷惑，諸根悅豫，正念分明，捨報安詳，如入禪定。阿彌陀佛與觀音勢至諸聖賢眾，放光接引垂手提攜。樓閣幢幡，異香天樂，西方聖境，昭示目前，令諸眾生，見者聞者，歡喜感歎，發菩提心。","en":"For the four sources of kindness and all beings of the three realms throughout the Dharma realm, I seek the unsurpassed path of awakening in the Buddhas’ single vehicle. Therefore I wholeheartedly maintain recollection of Amitābha Buddha’s great name, endowed with every virtue, aspiring to birth in the Pure Land. Yet my karma is heavy and merit slight, my obstructions deep and wisdom shallow; the defiled mind readily flares up and pure virtues are hard to accomplish. Before the Buddha, with earnest prostration and an open heart, I sincerely repent. From immeasurable ages until now, I and other beings have lost sight of the originally pure mind, indulged greed, hatred and delusion, and polluted bodily, verbal and mental action without limit. May the boundless wrongs and enmities created thereby all be extinguished. From this day I make profound vows: to leave harmful ways and never repeat them; to practise the noble path diligently without retreat or indolence; to attain perfect awakening and liberate beings. Amitābha Buddha, through the power of your compassionate vows, please witness me, care for me and support me. In meditation and in dreams, may I see Amitābha’s golden body, visit his jewel-adorned land, receive his nectar consecration and illuminating light, feel his hand upon my head and be covered by his robe. May old obstructions fall away, wholesome roots grow, afflictions quickly empty and ignorance immediately break, so the wondrous mind of perfect awakening opens fully and the true realm of tranquil light is always present. At the approach of death, may I know the time beforehand, with no bodily illness or distress, no mental attachment or confusion, joyful faculties and clear mindfulness, peacefully leaving this life as though entering meditation. May Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta and the noble assembly emit light and extend their hands to guide me. May towers, banners, wondrous fragrance, heavenly music and the sacred Western realm appear clearly before me, so all who see or hear rejoice, marvel and arouse the mind of awakening.","ms":"Demi empat sumber jasa budi serta semua makhluk tiga alam di seluruh alam Dharma, saya mencari jalan kebangkitan tertinggi dalam wahana tunggal para Buddha. Oleh itu saya dengan sepenuh hati terus mengingati nama agung Buddha Amitābha, yang memiliki segala sifat baik, dengan cita-cita lahir di Tanah Suci. Namun karma saya berat dan kebajikan sedikit, halangan mendalam dan kebijaksanaan cetek; fikiran tercemar mudah berkobar dan sifat suci sukar dibina. Di hadapan Buddha, dengan sujud bersungguh-sungguh dan hati terbuka, saya bertaubat dengan ikhlas. Sejak zaman tidak terhitung hingga kini, saya dan makhluk lain telah kehilangan pandangan terhadap fikiran yang asalnya suci, menurut ketamakan, kebencian dan kejahilan, serta mencemarkan perbuatan tubuh, pertuturan dan fikiran tanpa batas. Semoga segala kesalahan dan permusuhan yang terhasil daripadanya terhapus. Mulai hari ini saya membuat ikrar mendalam: meninggalkan jalan berbahaya dan tidak mengulanginya; tekun mengamalkan jalan mulia tanpa berundur atau malas; mencapai kebangkitan sempurna dan membebaskan makhluk. Buddha Amitābha, melalui kuasa ikrar belas kasihan-Mu, saksikanlah saya, kasihanilah saya dan sokonglah saya. Dalam meditasi dan mimpi, semoga saya melihat tubuh keemasan Amitābha, mengunjungi tanahnya yang berhias permata, menerima pentahbisan amrita dan cahaya yang menerangi, merasakan tangannya di kepala saya serta diselubungi jubahnya. Semoga halangan lama lenyap, akar kebaikan tumbuh, kekotoran batin segera kosong dan kejahilan segera pecah, agar fikiran kebangkitan sempurna yang menakjubkan terbuka sepenuhnya dan alam cahaya hening yang sejati sentiasa hadir. Menjelang kematian, semoga saya mengetahui masanya terlebih dahulu, tanpa penyakit atau kesusahan tubuh, tanpa kemelekatan atau kekeliruan fikiran, dengan deria gembira dan kesedaran jelas, meninggalkan kehidupan ini dengan aman seolah-olah memasuki meditasi. Semoga Amitābha, Avalokiteśvara, Mahāsthāmaprāpta dan perhimpunan mulia memancarkan cahaya serta menghulurkan tangan untuk membimbing saya. Semoga menara, panji, haruman indah, muzik syurga dan alam suci Barat muncul jelas di hadapan saya, agar semua yang melihat atau mendengar bersukacita, kagum dan membangkitkan tekad kebangkitan.","zh-Hans":"弟子普为四恩、三有法界众生，求于诸佛一乘无上菩提道，故专心持念阿弥陀佛万德洪名期生净土；又以业重福轻，障深慧浅，染心易炽，净德难成。今于佛前，翘勤五体，披沥一心，投诚忏悔。我及众生旷劫至今，迷本净心，纵贪瞋痴，染秽三业无量无边；从作罪垢无量无边，所结冤业愿悉消灭。从于今日立深誓愿，远离恶法誓不更造；勤修圣道誓不退惰；誓成正觉誓度众生。阿弥陀佛以慈悲愿力，当证知我、当哀悯我、当加被我。愿禅观之中、梦寐之际，得见阿弥陀佛金色之身；得历阿弥陀佛宝严之土；得蒙阿弥陀佛甘露灌顶、光明照身、手摩我头、衣覆我体，使我宿障自除、善根增长、疾空烦恼、顿破无明，圆觉妙心廓然开悟，寂光真境常得现前。至于临欲命终预知时至，身无一切病苦厄难；心无一切贪恋迷惑，诸根悦豫，正念分明，舍报安详，如入禅定。阿弥陀佛与观音势至诸圣贤众，放光接引垂手提携。楼阁幢幡，异香天乐，西方圣境，昭示目前，令诸众生，见者闻者，欢喜感叹，发菩提心。","pinyin":"dì zǐ pǔ wèi sì ēn、 sān yǒu fǎ jiè zhòng shēng， qiú yú zhū fú yī chéng wú shàng pú tí dào， gù zhuān xīn chí niàn ā mí tuó fú wàn dé hóng míng qī shēng jìng tǔ； yòu yǐ yè zhòng fú qīng， zhàng shēn huì qiǎn， rǎn xīn yì chì， jìng dé nán chéng。 jīn yú fú qián， qiào qín wǔ tǐ， pī lì yī xīn， tóu chéng chàn huǐ。 wǒ jí zhòng shēng kuàng jié zhì jīn， mí běn jìng xīn， zòng tān chēn chī， rǎn huì sān yè wú liàng wú biān； cóng zuò zuì gòu wú liàng wú biān， suǒ jié yuān yè yuàn xī xiāo miè。 cóng yú jīn rì lì shēn shì yuàn， yuǎn lí è fǎ shì bù gèng zào； qín xiū shèng dào shì bù tuì duò； shì chéng zhèng jué shì dù zhòng shēng。 ā mí tuó fú yǐ cí bēi yuàn lì， dāng zhèng zhī wǒ、 dāng āi mǐn wǒ、 dāng jiā bèi wǒ。 yuàn chán guān zhī zhōng、 mèng mèi zhī jì， dé jiàn ā mí tuó fú jīn sè zhī shēn； dé lì ā mí tuó fú bǎo yán zhī tǔ； dé méng ā mí tuó fú gān lù guàn dǐng、 guāng míng zhào shēn、 shǒu mó wǒ tóu、 yī fù wǒ tǐ， shǐ wǒ sù zhàng zì chú、 shàn gēn zēng zhǎng、 jí kōng fán nǎo、 dùn pò wú míng， yuán jué miào xīn kuò rán kāi wù， jì guāng zhēn jìng cháng dé xiàn qián。 zhì yú lín yù mìng zhōng yù zhī shí zhì， shēn wú yī qiè bìng kǔ è nán； xīn wú yī qiè tān liàn mí huò， zhū gēn yuè yù， zhèng niàn fēn míng， shě bào ān xiáng， rú rù chán dìng。 ā mí tuó fú yǔ guān yīn shì zhì zhū shèng xián zhòng， fàng guāng jiē yǐn chuí shǒu tí xié。 lóu gé chuáng fān， yì xiāng tiān lè， xī fāng shèng 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that time may I ride the vajra seat behind the Buddha and, in a finger-snap, be born in the Land of Utmost Bliss within an excellent lotus in a seven-jewelled pool. When the flower opens, may I see the Buddha and bodhisattvas, hear the wondrous Dharma and attain acceptance of the unborn nature of phenomena. In an instant may I serve the Buddhas and personally receive their prediction of awakening. Having received it, may I accomplish the three bodies, four wisdoms, five eyes, six higher knowledges, countless dhāraṇī gateways and every virtue. Then, without departing from the Land of Peace, may I return to Sahā in innumerable forms throughout the worlds of the ten directions, using inconceivable spiritual freedom and many skilful means to liberate beings, enabling all to leave defilement, recover the pure mind, be born together in the West and enter non-retrogression. As worlds, beings, karma and afflictions are endless, so may these great vows be endless. May the merit of bowing, aspiring and practising now be dedicated to sentient beings, repaying the four sources of kindness, benefiting the three realms, and enabling all beings in the Dharma realm to perfect all-encompassing wisdom together.","ms":"Pada waktu itu semoga saya menaiki tempat duduk vajra di belakang Buddha dan, dalam sekelip jari, lahir di Tanah Kebahagiaan Tertinggi dalam teratai unggul di kolam tujuh permata. Apabila bunga mekar, semoga saya melihat Buddha dan para bodhisattva, mendengar Dharma indah dan mencapai penerimaan terhadap hakikat fenomena yang tidak lahir. Dalam seketika semoga saya melayani para Buddha dan menerima sendiri ramalan kebangkitan mereka. Setelah menerimanya, semoga saya menyempurnakan tiga tubuh, empat kebijaksanaan, lima mata, enam pengetahuan tinggi, gerbang dhāraṇī yang tidak terhitung dan segala sifat baik. Kemudian, tanpa meninggalkan Tanah Aman, semoga saya kembali ke Sahā dalam bentuk tidak terhitung di seluruh alam sepuluh penjuru, menggunakan kebebasan rohani yang tidak terjangkau fikiran serta pelbagai kaedah mahir untuk membebaskan makhluk, membolehkan semua meninggalkan pencemaran, memulihkan fikiran suci, lahir bersama-sama di Barat dan memasuki tahap tidak berundur. Sebagaimana alam, makhluk, karma dan kekotoran batin tidak berpenghujung, semoga ikrar agung ini juga tidak berpenghujung. Semoga kebajikan daripada sujud, cita-cita dan amalan sekarang didedikasikan kepada makhluk berperasaan, membalas empat sumber jasa budi, memanfaatkan tiga alam dan membolehkan semua makhluk dalam alam Dharma bersama-sama menyempurnakan kebijaksanaan menyeluruh.","zh-Hans":"我于尔时乘金刚台随从佛后，如弹指顷生极乐国，七宝池内胜莲华中，华开见佛，见诸菩萨，闻妙法音，获无生忍。于须臾间，承事诸佛，亲蒙授记。得授记已，三身四智，五眼六通，无量百千陀罗尼门，一切功德皆悉成就。然后不违安养，回入娑婆，分身无数，遍十方刹，以不可思议自在神力，种种方便度脱众生，咸令离染还得净心，同生西方入不退地。如是大愿，世界无尽，众生无尽，业及烦恼一切无尽，我愿无尽。愿今礼佛、发愿、修持功德回施有情，四恩总报，三有齐资，法界众生，同圆种智。","pinyin":"wǒ yú ěr shí chéng jīn gāng tái suí cóng fú hòu， rú dàn zhǐ qǐng shēng jí lè guó， qī bǎo chí nèi shèng lián huá zhōng， huá kāi jiàn fú， jiàn zhū pú sà， wén miào fǎ yīn， huò wú shēng rěn。 yú xū yú jiān， chéng shì zhū fú， qīn méng shòu jì。 dé shòu jì yǐ， sān shēn sì zhì， wǔ yǎn liù tōng， wú liàng bǎi qiān tuó luó ní mén， yī qiè gōng dé jiē xī chéng jiù。 rán hòu bù wéi ān yǎng， huí rù suō pó， fēn shēn wú shù， biàn shí fāng shā， yǐ bù kě sī yì zì zài shén lì， zhǒng zhǒng fāng biàn dù tuō zhòng shēng， xián lìng lí rǎn hái dé jìng xīn， tóng shēng xī fāng rù bù tuì dì。 rú shì dà yuàn， shì jiè wú jǐn， zhòng shēng wú jǐn， yè jí fán nǎo yī qiè wú jǐn， wǒ yuàn wú jǐn。 yuàn jīn lǐ fú、 fā yuàn、 xiū chí gōng dé huí shī yǒu qíng， sì ēn zǒng bào， sān yǒu qí zī， fǎ jiè zhòng shēng， tóng yuán zhǒng zhì。"},"translationStatus":{"en":"New AI-assisted study translation; not independently reviewed.","ms":"New AI-assisted study translation; not independently 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earlier Pure Land aspiration expresses the principle but not the whole meaning; the later one encompasses the meaning but is too concise. Incomplete meaning leaves the intention of birth there unclear; excessive brevity does not express the depth of heartfelt pleading. I have therefore based this text on the Larger Sūtra, drawn broadly upon explanations, brought practice and principle together, and connected results with causes. If fellow practitioners of pure conduct find it suitable, may they circulate it widely; if not, I welcome their instruction.","ms":"Doa cita-cita Tanah Suci yang terdahulu menyampaikan prinsip tetapi bukan keseluruhan makna; yang terkemudian merangkumi makna tetapi terlalu ringkas. Makna yang tidak lengkap menjadikan niat kelahiran di sana kurang jelas; keringkasan berlebihan tidak menyampaikan kedalaman permohonan sepenuh hati. Oleh itu saya mendasarkan teks ini pada Sūtra Besar, menggunakan pelbagai penjelasan, menyatukan amalan dengan prinsip dan menghubungkan hasil dengan sebab. Jika rakan pengamal tingkah laku suci mendapati ia sesuai, semoga mereka menyebarkannya secara luas; jika tidak, saya mengalu-alukan tunjuk ajar mereka.","zh-Hans":"前净土文理得而义未周，后净土文义周而辞太简。义未周，则往生之意不显；辞太简，则悲恳之情不伸。予乃宗以大经、博以诸说、融以事理、贯以果因而成此文。净业诸上善人如以为可，愿广流通；如谓不然，愿承教诲。","pinyin":"qián jìng tǔ wén lǐ dé ér yì wèi zhōu， hòu jìng tǔ wén yì zhōu ér cí tài jiǎn。 yì wèi zhōu， zé wǎng shēng zhī yì bù xiǎn； cí tài jiǎn， zé bēi kěn zhī qíng bù shēn。 yǔ nǎi zōng yǐ dà jīng、 bó yǐ zhū shuō、 róng yǐ shì lǐ、 guàn yǐ guǒ yīn ér chéng cǐ wén。 jìng yè zhū shàng shàn rén rú yǐ wèi kě， yuàn guǎng liú tōng； rú wèi bù rán， yuàn chéng jiào huì。"},"translationStatus":{"en":"New AI-assisted study translation; not independently reviewed.","ms":"New AI-assisted study translation; not independently 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